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             XIX     ,   ,       :     .       ,      -,     .        ,    :           ,                 .      -      . , . . , . , .    .  , . , . , .,    , -       .





 

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  ,     .   ,  , , ,    ,          ,      , :  ,        ,             ,  ,  ,     . ,      .

 ,       (,   , , ,   ?)   .    ,  ,  ,     , ,     ,   ,    .              .      :  ,     ,        .  ,                   ,   ,   .

  ,          ,    .       ,  , , ,           ,        -.                        ,     .

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          ;     ,       ,   ,   ,     .       ,        ,         ,   ,      .



 [1 -  .     //  . :  2. . 1. .: , 1965. . 58.]

     ;   ,        ,            .    , ,    ,     ,            ,  ,      ,      ,        ,      , ,       ,  ,     ,     ,   .



 [2 - James H. The Art of Fiction // The Portable Henry James / Ed. by J. Auchard. London: Penguin Books, 2004. P. 434435.]

      , ,     ,  , , ,  ,          .



 [3 - Adorno T. Minima Moralia. London: Verso, 1978. P. 80.]

        ,       ,            ,        ,     ,        ,      .



- [4 -  . .   ? . .:  , 1999. . 4041.]

   ,    , ,  ,     ,       ,   ,      , ,   ,     .



 [5 - Foucault M. Entretiens avec Michel Foucault // Dits et ecrits. V.II.19761988. Paris: Gallimard, 2001. P. 866 (. .   .  .:  . . :   . .: Machina, 2011. C. 26).]

   ,          ,        ,  ,                  ,    ,    .



 [6 - Ranciere J. The Ignorant Teacher. Five Lessons in Intellectual Emancipation. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1991. P. 69.]

 ,             ,  , ,   .     ,  ,        , ,   ,   , ,  .      ,   ,  ,   , ,   ,     ,     .



 [7 - Rushdie S. Is Nothing Sacred? // Imaginary Homelands: Essays and Criticism 19811992. London: Granta, 1991. P. 428.]




   


              .        ,  ,   - ,     ,    - ,   ( . stereos, ).   ,       ,   ,      :       ,    ,  .  ,    ,      ,     , .         :  , ,  ,   ,       ..        .    ,    -         ,               .         ,     ,        ,   ,    .            ,   ,   , - .

    , ,  :         ,     ?     ,    , .   ,         ,   ,      .          , ,         ,     .

       ,   XXI ,   ,         ,            . ,           :     ,  , -    ,        , , ,   ,            [8 -        ,      2000-,                ,  ..],           .  ,         ,        , ,   ,   - ,    [9 -          ,      .    ,       ,     ,  ,    (. );   , , , , ,  , , ,  (. ).            ,    ,      (.:   ? //  . 1998. 10).  ,          (.:      ? //   . 2006. 44. http://ptzh.theatre.ru/2006/44/10/),    :       ,      .].     ,    ,        .

                      .         :      ,    ,           ,   .     ?  .     ,         ,         ,       ,       . , ,  ,      ,         .   , ,  .

         : , ,    [10 -  (modernity, modernit)         ,     XVIIIXIX        (   ,  , , ,    ),          ,  .    ,                        ( . .     . .; .:  , 2000. . 261).],       ,      ?      ,  ,   ?  ,    XIX ,   ,        ,      .               .

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      ,    , ,         .  ,     1970- ,           .  1980-        :           ,      ..             , ,   ,     .     :       (   ,  ,   ),       (, , ).         ,             .              .

        ,  ,     -  .              ,        .          XVIII  XIX :                         ,     ,     ,     (, ),    .              ,        .                     . ,          ,        . , ,  ,      -໠ ,   ,      :       ,  ,       [13 -  .  .   . .:  , 2003. C. 306.].       ,                [ ]     ,       [14 - Sociality: New Directions / Eds Long N., Moore H. Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2012. P. 4.].

     ,   ,     , ,       .  -   :               ,     , , .        -         [15 - Moretti F. The Bourgeois: Between History and Literature. London; New York: Verso, 2013. P. 15.].

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         - ,     . . :     ,         [17 - New readers make new texts, and their new meanings are a function of their new forms. McKenzie D. Bibliography and the Sociology of Texts. Cambridge; London: Cambridge University Press, 1999. P. 29.].          .           ,  ,   ,  ,    ,   ,     .             -,             ,      .  ,                          ,     ,           [18 - Attridge D. The Singularity of Literature. London; New York: Routledge, 2004. P. 79.].

 -, - ,     ,      ,     . , ,   .        ,       :   ,   ?  ,                   .   , ,      ,  ,       :  ,     ,         .      ,     ,     , , ,    (reading formation),    . .        ,    (, , , , ),       /.  ,        ,       ,                 .    ,  ,      ,     .            ,   ,     [19 - Bennett . Marxism and Popular Literature // Southern Review. 1982. July. V. 15. 2. P. 229.          ( .  . . . .: , 1989. . 230).        .       (literary subjectivity),    -      , ,    (During S. Literary Subjectivity // Ariel. 2000. V. 31. 12. P. 3350).].     ,  ,  . ,   ,          [20 -  .       . . 62.].          ,           ,   , ,    [21 -  .       . . 72. C         .],     .

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,           ,     ,    .    ,      ,    . , ,                          .        ,           (1841).  ,       ,    ,     ,       .      ,       ,       (, , !),       .    ,    ,     .

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 I

  





 


 ,      burgensis  1007    burgeis  1100-,     (bourg) ,  ,  ,    ,  ,   .     ,    .    ,        - ,       .        ,  , ,       ,     . , , ,              .         . .            ,    [25 -  . . .: , 1994. . 119.     (     )      ,  ,         .]        , , ,    . ,  [26 - Self made man     ,       XIX .       ,   ,       :  . . ,    :      . .: , 1993.],     ,            . ,        ,  ,      ,     . ,    ,        :   ,  ,     ,  ,  ,   [27 -  .      // . .  . .: , 1987. . 156.].

        .     ,  ,    ,    ,      ,   [28 - Schama S. The Embarassement of Riches: An Interpretation of Dutch Culture in the Golden Age. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988. P. 6.].    ,      ,          [29 -  . ,    , ,  90%       ,    ,          ,    :      37%  ,    40% (      4%           !). McCloskey D. Bourgeois Dignity: Why Economics Cant Explain the Modern World. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2010. P. 389.],      ,  : B?rgertum, Mittelstand, middle class ( middle classes)       Gro?b?rgertum, Kleinb?rgertum, grande bourgeoisie, bonne bourgeoisie, petite bourgeoisie, upper middle class, lower middle class (   : upper lower middle class  ..)[30 -    . ,      ,            (McCloskey D. Bourgeois Dignity. P. 74).   . ,               ,     . .  : Moretti F. The Bourgeois. . 67.].     (,     ,         [31 -  .      // . .  . .: , 1987. . 157.])      ,        ,     ,  .

  ,   ,     ,   (  !)    [32 -     , ,      ,      ,                    (. :  4. . 4. .: , 1983. . 507).    .       , .: Mayer E. The Ancient Middle Classes. Urban Life and Aestheticism in the Roman Empire. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2012.].  , ,   ,              ,       . ,  ,  ,         (      ),     (    )     .

  ,        ,     .     ,         ,     .    , ,  . ,      XIX         ,      ,  ,           [33 - Gay P. Education of the Senses: The Bourgeois Experience Victoria to Freud. V. 1. Oxford; London: Oxford University Press, 1984. P. 29.].  :  -            , -     ,        ,        .         1980- , .             :     (19841998)[34 -  ,    The Bourgeois Experience Victoria to Freud: Education of the Senses (1), Tender Passion (2), The Cultivation of Hatred (3), Naked Heart (4), Pleasure Wars (5).].   ?      ,         XXI      ,    [35 -             (2002).            ,       (18621931),  ,    (     ) . .: Gay P. Schnitzlers Century: The Making of Middle-Class Culture 18151914. New York: Norton Company, 2002.].       (   )       . ,           [36 - McCloskey D. The Bourgeois Virtues: Ethics for an Age of Commerce (The Bourgeois Era. V. 1). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2007; Bourgeois Dignity: Why Economics Cant Explain the Modern World (The Bourgeois Era. V. 2). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2011; Bourgeois Equality. How Ideas, not Capital or Institutions, Enriched the World (The Bourgeois Era. V. 3). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2016.].         ໠ - . :        ,          [37 - Siegel J. Marxs Fate: The Shape of a Life. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1978; Bohemian Paris. Culture, Politics and the Boundaries of Bourgeois Life, 18301930. New York: Viking Penguin, 1986; The Private Worlds of Marcel Duchamp: Desire, Liberation and the Self in Modern Culture. Berkeley, Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1995; The Idea of the Self: Thought and Experience in Europe since the Seventeenth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005; Modernity and Bourgeois Life. Society, Politics and Culture in England, France and Germany Since 1750. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.].           (  )   ,        -      .       , ,     :  ,  ,  ,         [38 - Moretti F. The Bourgeois. P. 2123. . :  .    // . 2014. 125.].

  ,       , ,   , .    , ,          ,     ,   ,       .

                  ,   ,    .             [39 -  ,   . ,    ,       (social experience in solution), .: Williams R. Marxism and Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1977. P. 133.   . .  ,         ,      ,       . .: Thompson E. P. The Poverty of Theory and Other Essays. London: Merlin Press, 1978. P. 356.],  , , ,      .          .                 :  , ,       ,        ,           .       ,        ?  ,  ,   ,   ,   .           ,   ,   ,   ,    ,         .         (  ,    ,   [40 - Giraud R. The Unheroic Hero in the Novels of Stendhal, Balzac and Flaubert. Abingdon: Rutgers University Press, 1957. . 27.]),         ,          ..     ,   ,               .   ,   㻠         ?        ,     ,          ,   [41 - Grana C. Bohemian versus Bourgeois: French Society and French Man of Letters in the Nineteenth Century. New York: Basic Boojs, 1964. P. 47.].       ?     ,   ?      ,        ,   ,  [42 -  .     . . 156.].          ,         ,  [43 - ø    .  .  :  10. . 10. .: . ., 1961. . 3772.].       XX    XXI     ,   ,     ,      .

   .               ,   ,     ,      .             ,   ,    ,    [44 - Siegel J. Modernity and Bourgeois Life. P. 6.],           ,        , , ,   ,     , , ,  - .    , . ,           ,      ,     ,            [45 - Schama S. The Embarassement of Riches. . 371.].         ,            - ,      ,    ,  . [46 - Moretti F. The Bourgeois. . 167174.].         :       ,   ?      , ,    ?[47 -  :          ,             .]      :     , ,           ?    ,   ,   .

      ,            (bobo = bourgeoisie + boheme). ,  ,          :     , , , ,  ,   .   , , , ,     .           .   ,      ,          .        [48 -  .   .    . .:   , 2013. . 6062].           ,   :  ,   (a free being who works).     ,    ,       (       ). ,    ,     c   ,   ,      ,        .           ,                     .

                           ,        .  ,       :   ,                  ,    ,    : , , .                 . ,         (   ) ,  ; ,     ,    .                   ,        [49 -  . .   . .: -; , 2015. . 30.]. ,         ,   .     ,      ,    ,   ()    - ,      -  ,      .      , -[50 -          ,  ,   ,   ,   .]        .   ,     ?       ?

 ,  .  (.   ),    .  ,      ,      ,     [51 -     ,   ,     ,  ,    print-capitalism ( ),   1980-  .         . .:  .  . .: --, 2001 (:   . . 90  105).].  , ,                       ,   ,       .

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  ,    ,       ,   ,         .        ,      ,   -,   ,  , .  ,            ,   ,      .   (   )   ,        ,              ,     .       ,      [53 -  .     //   :   . .: , 1994. . 212.].

           .           (1690)   ,      ,    .         ,   ,     -.   ,  ,   ,        ,  ,         .           ,    ?      ,  ,       .   ,      ,     .            :           ;   ,       ,     ,  .               ,    ,      , , , .    ,                      .

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        ,  (  ): Erlebnis  , ,  ,  Erfahrung   , ,     .          ,      .  , .        , , ,       , ,  ,        , ,     :  , -,   ,       ; - ,      -   .     .     -   ,   ,      -   ,    ,   .   , ,   .         ,       ,      [54 -  . .   . .: , 1988. . 419.].

,   , -,       , -,  -   .          . ,         .    (        )      . [55 - Campbell C. The Romantic Ethi, and the Spirit of Modern Consumerism. Oxford: Blackwell, 1987. P. 76.     .: Keen P. Literature, Commerce, and the Spectacle of Modernity, 17501800. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012 (: Advertizing Cultures; Incredulous Readers. . 188201).].            ,  ,   .         ,           ,     .      :      ,     ,  ,          ,        ,   .    ,  ,   ,   ,   ,   ,     󻠖      ,  ,   ,      .

      ,        ,   .            ,     .         ,         ,   , ,   ,    .  ,   , ,         ,      : ,   ,       ,     - [56 - Dewey J. Art as Experience. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1987. P. 274, 278.].   ,         XIX ,  ,      () ,  .    ,    ,    ,   ,     .




    ,   ,      .        ,     ,    .  ,  ,   (,  ,     )   (,      ),  ,            ,       ,     ,   ,   .       , , -,      , -,     ,    .      ,     ,        [57 - Laupies F. Le?on philosophique sur lchange. Paris: PUF, 2002. P. 9.].     ,    ,      ,      ,      : ,  , , ,     .

                .  , , .   ,          ,     (  , ,  ).                    -.       (         ), , ,   ,    ,        .    ,  ,          , , ,  ,          .         ,     , .       ,        -     [58 -  . ø    . . 68.],       (  ),    (       ).                     .

       ,    ,           .           XVIII        . ?  ,   ,        :          ,       [59 -  .       . .: , 1962. . 136.]




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/tatyana-venediktova-/literatura-kak-opyt-ili-burzhuaznyy-chitatel-kak-kult/)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


 .     //  . :  2. . 1. .: , 1965. . 58.




2


James H. The Art of Fiction // The Portable Henry James / Ed. by J. Auchard. London: Penguin Books, 2004. P. 434435.




3


Adorno T. Minima Moralia. London: Verso, 1978. P. 80.




4


 . .   ? . .:  , 1999. . 4041.




5


Foucault M. Entretiens avec Michel Foucault // Dits et ecrits. V.II.19761988. Paris: Gallimard, 2001. P. 866 (. .   .  .:  . . :   . .: Machina, 2011. C. 26).




6


Ranciere J. The Ignorant Teacher. Five Lessons in Intellectual Emancipation. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1991. P. 69.




7


Rushdie S. Is Nothing Sacred? // Imaginary Homelands: Essays and Criticism 19811992. London: Granta, 1991. P. 428.




8


       ,      2000-,                ,  ..




9


         ,      .    ,       ,     ,  ,    (. );   , , , , ,  , , ,  (. ).            ,    ,      (.:   ? //  . 1998. 10).  ,          (.:      ? //   . 2006. 44. http://ptzh.theatre.ru/2006/44/10/),    :       ,      .




10


 (modernity, modernit)         ,     XVIIIXIX        (   ,  , , ,    ),          ,  .    ,                        ( . .     . .; .:  , 2000. . 261).




11


 .        //     . .: -, 1995. . 64.




12


Zeraffa M. Fictions  the Novel and Social Reality. London: Penguin Books, 1976. P. 52.




13


 .  .   . .:  , 2003. C. 306.




14


Sociality: New Directions / Eds Long N., Moore H. Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2012. P. 4.




15


Moretti F. The Bourgeois: Between History and Literature. London; New York: Verso, 2013. P. 15.




16


,              :         , ,      ,           . Man P. Allegories of Reading. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1979. P. ix.




17


New readers make new texts, and their new meanings are a function of their new forms. McKenzie D. Bibliography and the Sociology of Texts. Cambridge; London: Cambridge University Press, 1999. P. 29.




18


Attridge D. The Singularity of Literature. London; New York: Routledge, 2004. P. 79.




19


Bennett . Marxism and Popular Literature // Southern Review. 1982. July. V. 15. 2. P. 229.          ( .  . . . .: , 1989. . 230).        .       (literary subjectivity),    -      , ,    (During S. Literary Subjectivity // Ariel. 2000. V. 31. 12. P. 3350).




20


 .       . . 62.




21


 .       . . 72. C         .




22


 . .   ? . 63.




23


 . .      //  :  7. . 5. .:  , 1997. . 7.




24


Berman M. All That is Solid Melts into the Air. The Experience of Modernity. London; New York: Verso, 2010. P. 3536.




25


 . . .: , 1994. . 119.     (     )      ,  ,         .




26


Self made man     ,       XIX .       ,   ,       :  . . ,    :      . .: , 1993.




27


 .      // . .  . .: , 1987. . 156.




28


Schama S. The Embarassement of Riches: An Interpretation of Dutch Culture in the Golden Age. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988. P. 6.




29


 . ,    , ,  90%       ,    ,          ,    :      37%  ,    40% (      4%           !). McCloskey D. Bourgeois Dignity: Why Economics Cant Explain the Modern World. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2010. P. 389.




30


   . ,      ,            (McCloskey D. Bourgeois Dignity. P. 74).   . ,               ,     . .  : Moretti F. The Bourgeois. . 67.




31


 .      // . .  . .: , 1987. . 157.




32


    , ,      ,      ,                    (. :  4. . 4. .: , 1983. . 507).    .       , .: Mayer E. The Ancient Middle Classes. Urban Life and Aestheticism in the Roman Empire. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2012.




33


Gay P. Education of the Senses: The Bourgeois Experience Victoria to Freud. V. 1. Oxford; London: Oxford University Press, 1984. P. 29.




34


 ,    The Bourgeois Experience Victoria to Freud: Education of the Senses (1), Tender Passion (2), The Cultivation of Hatred (3), Naked Heart (4), Pleasure Wars (5).




35


            (2002).            ,       (18621931),  ,    (     ) . .: Gay P. Schnitzlers Century: The Making of Middle-Class Culture 18151914. New York: Norton Company, 2002.




36


McCloskey D. The Bourgeois Virtues: Ethics for an Age of Commerce (The Bourgeois Era. V. 1). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2007; Bourgeois Dignity: Why Economics Cant Explain the Modern World (The Bourgeois Era. V. 2). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2011; Bourgeois Equality. How Ideas, not Capital or Institutions, Enriched the World (The Bourgeois Era. V. 3). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2016.




37


Siegel J. Marxs Fate: The Shape of a Life. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1978; Bohemian Paris. Culture, Politics and the Boundaries of Bourgeois Life, 18301930. New York: Viking Penguin, 1986; The Private Worlds of Marcel Duchamp: Desire, Liberation and the Self in Modern Culture. Berkeley, Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1995; The Idea of the Self: Thought and Experience in Europe since the Seventeenth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005; Modernity and Bourgeois Life. Society, Politics and Culture in England, France and Germany Since 1750. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.




38


Moretti F. The Bourgeois. P. 2123. . :  .    // . 2014. 125.




39


 ,   . ,    ,       (social experience in solution), .: Williams R. Marxism and Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1977. P. 133.   . .  ,         ,      ,       . .: Thompson E. P. The Poverty of Theory and Other Essays. London: Merlin Press, 1978. P. 356.




40


Giraud R. The Unheroic Hero in the Novels of Stendhal, Balzac and Flaubert. Abingdon: Rutgers University Press, 1957. . 27.




41


Grana C. Bohemian versus Bourgeois: French Society and French Man of Letters in the Nineteenth Century. New York: Basic Boojs, 1964. P. 47.




42


 .     . . 156.




43


ø    .  .  :  10. . 10. .: . ., 1961. . 3772.




44


Siegel J. Modernity and Bourgeois Life. P. 6.




45


Schama S. The Embarassement of Riches. . 371.




46


Moretti F. The Bourgeois. . 167174.




47


 :          ,             .




48


 .   .    . .:   , 2013. . 6062




49


 . .   . .: -; , 2015. . 30.




50


         ,  ,   ,   ,   .




51


    ,   ,     ,  ,    print-capitalism ( ),   1980-  .         . .:  .  . .: --, 2001 (:   . . 90  105).




52


 .        //     . .:  - LTD, 1995. . 83.




53


 .     //   :   . .: , 1994. . 212.




54


 . .   . .: , 1988. . 419.




55


Campbell C. The Romantic Ethi, and the Spirit of Modern Consumerism. Oxford: Blackwell, 1987. P. 76.     .: Keen P. Literature, Commerce, and the Spectacle of Modernity, 17501800. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012 (: Advertizing Cultures; Incredulous Readers. . 188201).




56


Dewey J. Art as Experience. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1987. P. 274, 278.




57


Laupies F. Le?on philosophique sur lchange. Paris: PUF, 2002. P. 9.




58


 . ø    . . 68.




59


 .       . .: , 1962. . 136.


