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    ,            .              [ , 1998],      [Aliber, 1964; Frankel, 1995; Greenspan, 1999; Kenen, 1983].      ,         .    ,  ,   [Greenspan, 2001].

             .  ,           -   .         .    [Aliber, 1964]                .  ,              ,     ,         .

        -      .  ,        ,        .                .          XVII.,     XIX.    XX.   . ,    ,   ,         (. .1.1),       (.    [Eichengreen, 1998; Bismut, Jaquet, 1999; Chinn, Frankel, 2008  European Central Bank, 2008]).  ,                         (.      [Eichengreen, 2005]).



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:  .[1 - http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/02/weodata/index.aspx]



          [Greenspan, 2001]       .                      ,    ,         . ,  ,      ,        .

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  [Chinn, Frankel, 2008]  [, 2008]   ,      ,      (network externalities).       ,      ,        [Katz, Shapiro, 1985].          :        ,       .  ,          ? ,          -      ,    ,   .

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*  .

:   http://www.imf.org/external/np/sta/cofer/eng/index.htm.



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notes








1


http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/02/weodata/index.aspx




2


       2000.      : http://www.imf.org/cgi-shl/create_x.pl?ftp.




3


     [IMF, 2008].  11 857-(98/130).


