nglish for communication.    
 


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nglish for communication

   



 



 ,2019



ISBN978-5-4496-6000-8

     Ridero


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UnitI

The phonetic exercises





The tongue-twisters (ca)


Inpin safety pin, inpinout.

Ann and Dan pat acat inahat on amat.

Ihad aproper cup ofcoffee inaproper coffee-cup.

She sells sea-shells on the sea shore. The shells that she sells are sea-shells, Im sure.

Peter Piper picked apeck ofpickled peppers, the peck ofpickled peppers Peter Piper picked. If Peter Piper picked apeck ofpickled peppers, where is the peck ofpickled peppers Peter Piper picked?




The reading exercises


The sharp edge ( ), that large house, these thin books, the same room ( ), awide range ( ), along term ( ), astrong will ( ), the hot sun, the best things, the next stage, her left hand (  ), athick line ( ), agood job ( ), abad mark ( ), awide gap ( ), the black coal ( ), aweak bond ( ), the same forces ( ), agood play, the next stop, along way, the last time ( ), the South lands, my clean table.



The long road, this slow train, the main rule, this dark spot (  ), those bad days, these black tubes (  ), aloud sound, this high wall (  ), apressing matter ( ), under the sofa ( ), on the roof (), inthe sky (), at her table ( ), on those long shelves, behind the sofa (), beyond the house (), beyond understanding ( ), beneath the blue sky (  ), above the stove ( ), between the bookcases (  ), among the people ( ).



Near the office ( ), round the corner (), inthe picture (), within two days (  ), during this week (  ), for that reason ( ), inthe centre (), under his desk (   ), inour institute ( ), on asheet ofpaper ( ), inhis box ( ), at the window (), inthe corner (), on the ice (), inher bag ( ), inour street ( ), inSolnechnaya street.



Inthe hotel (), the work ofour enterprise (e), the names ofthe pupils, the words ofthis sentence, the pages ofthis book, the main task oftheir work, the contents ofthis chapter, the structure ofthese particles (a), the future ofour children, the seasons ofthe year, their teacher ofFrench, the sense ofduty ( ), this part ofspeech (  ), the names ofthese parts ofspeech, inthe corner ofthe room, on page five ofthe book ( 5), inChapter III ().




The articles and pronouns


Abook, aplay, apart, aday

An apple, an end, an arm, anaim

The [??] forces, the state, the waves, the changes

The [??] apples, the arms, the aims, theend



This book these books; this town these towns

That thing those things; that day thosedays



My book, my box, my thing, my house

His book, his box, his things, his house

Her book, her box, her things, her house

Its work, its form, its name, its length



Note: The parts name  .

Its name  () .

Our town, our things, our work, our house, our friend

Your town, your things, your work, your house, your friends

Their town, their things their work, their house, their friends



The possessive () pronouns



My ; his ; her ; its , ; our ; your , ; their.



The relative () pronouns



Me , ; him , ; her , ; it , , , ; us c, ; you , , , ; them ,.




Read and memorize


The nouns inthe Singular



Scientist (), science (), research (), an exercise (), astudent (), abook (), an instrument (), adevice (, ), atool (), amethod (), an approach ( ), atechnique (, ), atalk (, ), apaper/alecture (), an experiment (), athing (), aseries

[si?riz] (), ahypothesis [haipou?isiz] (), aman [m?n] (, ), awoman [wum?n] ().



The nouns inthe Plural



Scientists, sciences, researchers, exercises, students, books, instruments, devices, tools, methods, approaches, techniques, talks, papers, lectures, experiments, things, series [si?ri: z] (), hypotheses [haipou?isi: z] (), men [men], women [wimin].



The articles and the pronouns



A, an, the, this (), these (), that (), those (), many (), much (), here (, ), there (, ).



The adjectives



Good (), right (), correct (), interesting (), complicated (), easy (), reliable (), reasonable (, ), nice (, ), eligible (, ), relevant (, , ), valid (, coc, , ), invalid (, ), sophisticated (, , ), different (, , ), see (), saw (), seen (), tell (), told (), told ().



The phrases and sentences



Iam aresearcher (). He is agood scientist. It is correct. The method is complicated. It is agood paper. These are reliable devices (). We were students. It was areasonable hypothesis. They were right. Pete is right. The experiment is complicated. This is his book. These are reasonable hypotheses. This is agood series ofexperiments. These men and women are scientists. These are good papers. That was correct. These are their books. Isee you. He saw them. They saw us. Isaw her. She saw me. His paper () is good. Her hypothesis is correct.



Could you speak slowly, please?  , .

Can you tell me the time, please? , ,  ?

Could you tell me the time, please?    ,    (the same, but more polite).

What is the time, could you tell me?  , ?

Will you step aside alittle, please?  ( ), .

Would you step aside alittle, please?   ,  (the same, but more polite).

Will you spell this word, please?    , .

Would you spell this word, please?



Could you tell me the way tothe Central Bank, please? ,    ?

Could you show me the way tothe supermarket, please?   ?

Could you help me with the luggage (baggage), please?   , ?

Could you take me tothe Buryatia Hotel, please?    ?

Would you mind my going there?   ,    ?




The interrogative () words


What (, )

Who ()

Which (, )

When (),

Where (, )

How ()

How much ()

How many ()

How long ( )

Whom (, )

Why ()

Whose ()

How often ( )

How many times ()

How soon ( , )

What time ( )

What kind (,  )



The three forms oftheverb



Come, came, come, coming

Go, went, gone, going

Put, put, put, putting

Be; was, were; been; being

Have, had, had, having

Make, made, made, making

Do, did, done, doing

Give, gave, given, giving

Hold, held, held, holding

Tell, told, told, telling

Think, thought, thought, thinking

See, saw, seen, seeing

Write, wrote, written, writing

Read, read, read, reading

Get, got, got, getting

Say, said, said, saying

Know, knew, known, knowing

Study, studied, studied, studying

Learn, learnt, learnt, learning

Return, returned, returned, returning

Take, took, taken, taking




The verb tobe


Tobe ; ; ;  , ;  ,

Am , ; is ; are , , 

Was  (); were ; been , 

Being , ; , , 

My being ,    (,  ),  (,  )

Aliving being   ().

		Iam       We are    Iwas            Wewere
		You were   You are   You wee         Youwere
		He (he, it) They are  He (she, it) was   Theywere

		Iam, was  We are,were
		You are, were      You are,were
		He is, was  They are,were

		Iam         You (we, they) were  He (she, it)is
		I(he, she, it)  You (we, they)were
		was

Are you astudent? Yes, Iam. (No, Iam an office employee).

Are you home now? Oh, yes. (No, Iam not home now, Im still at work).

Is he in? No, he isnt in. Hes away.

Are those thick books yours? Oh, yes they are. (No, they arent. They are my colleagues).

Is the picture nice? Oh, yes, quite nice. (You know, it might be better).



My being present there is compulsory ().

Your being so serious was not too good.

His being busy at the moment was not too good.

Our being mistaken (,   ) was sobad.

We all are living beings ( ).

		Ill be  Wellbe
		Youll be       Youllbe
		Hell be  Theyllbe

Will they be here soon? Oh, yes, theyll be here soon. (Im afraid they wont be here soon).




The verb tohave


Tohave 

Have , , 

Has 

Had  (), 

Had 

Having ,

My having (the book) ,    ( );   ( ).

		Ihave      We have   I had          Wehad
		You have   You have  You had        Youhad
		He (she, it) They have He (she, it) had Theyhad
		has

		I(you, we, they) have  I(you, he, she, it, we, you, they)had
		He (she, it)has

		Ill have  Wellhave
		Youll have  Youllhave
		He (she, it) ll have Theyllhave

Ihave agood book. She has many books. She had agood hypothesis. You have agood method. They had reasonable hypotheses. He has agood essay. We have good ideas. They have got abig dog. Have you got the latest issues ofthe Vogue? Oh, yes, weve got some. Do you have good news? Yes, we do. No, we dont, unfortunately. Will you have agood rest, do you think? Oh yes, at any rate, Ihope, Iwill.




The verb todo


Todo ,  ..; do , , ; does ; did  (), ; done , ; doing , , .

		Ido (did)   We do (did) Iwill doWe willdo
		You do (did) You do (did) You will do You willdo
		He, she, They do (did)  He (she, it) They willdo
		it does (did)  willdo

We do () science. They did many exercises. You did many interesting things. He does science.




The verb tolike


1.Will you please use the verb like inthe proper (, ) Simple Tense form.



Possibly (), the table () below (, ) might be ofhelp toyou (  ).

		Ilike      Iliked   Ill like   We like  We liked  Welllike
		You like   You liked Youll like You like You liked  Youlllike
		He (she, it) likes  He liked Hell like They like They liked Theylllike

   . Ilike their style.

   . Theyll like tohave arest there.

   (stone)   (inthat small ring).

  (You will like)  (have arest).

   (such)  (type) .



  (likes)  .

  (liked)  (spend)  .

  (He likes)   .

   (have arest).

  (Iliked)  .

  (You will like)  .

   .



    .

  (He liked)  .

  (You will like)  .

   (theatre).

  .



   .

  (She liked)   .

  (They will like)  .

  .

   .

  (They will like)  .



2.Be so kind as toanswer ( , ) the following () questions, please:

You like your friends hair style (, ), dont you ()?

You like the stone inyour ring, dont you ()?

Ann does not like smoke, does she ()?

You like this type ofwindows, dontyou?

You like toskate ( ), dontyou?



3.Please, say inEnglish.



   . Pete does not like this game.

  (Idont like)  .

  (She does not like)  .

   .

   .

  (we dont like)   (fuss).

     (toplay these games).

   .



4.Will you please translate the following (,  )?



  (Do you like)?

  (Does she like)?

 ?

 ?

 ?

 ?

 ?

   (What do you like)?

   (What does he like)?



  ?

   (What does she like)?

  ?

  ?

   (What do the students like)?

  ?

   ,  (You like tohave arest here, dont you)?

  ,  (does nothe)?

  ,  (does not she)?



   ,  (dont you)?

   ,  (dont they)?

  ,   (dontI)?

   (tohave awalk) ,  (does not she)?

    (poems, verses), ?

    (go cycling),  ?

    (go boating),  (dont they)?

    (go cycling),  (dont you)?



Will you ask (, ) the similar (, ) questions, please.



5.Please, say inEnglish.



   . Pete does not like this game.

  (Idont like)  .

  (She does not like)  .

   .

   .

  (we dont like)   (fuss).

     (toplay these games).

   .



Will you think of(, ) the similar (, ) sentences, please.




The interrogative () sentences


You hold conferences.  .   .

Do you hold conferences?   (general question).   ?   ?

Where do you hld conferences?   (Aspecial question).    ?

Do you hold conferences or seminars?   (An alternative question).     ?

You hold conferences, dont you?     (Atag or atail question).   , ?

Who holds conferences?  .   ?




The possessive () pronouns


This is my book. The book is mine. Its mine.

That book on the desk over there ( ) is Anns. Thats Anns book. Its hers.

That is his opinion. The opinion is his. Itshis.

Thats her pen. The pen is hers. Its hers.

This pen is mine and that one is Kates.



This bag is Alexs and that one over there is Daves. That is Daves. Thats Daves.

These are our hypotheses. They are ours. The hypotheses are ours.

Those are your decisions. The decisions are yours. They are yours.

Those are their warm clothes. Those warm clothes are theirs. They are theirs.

This is apart () ofthat machine (). This is its () part.

That is their luggage (baggage). The luggage is theirs. Its theirs.



Will you translate the following, please?



  . ࠖ . ࠖ.

     .   .   ().

  .   (  ).

  .   ( ).

  ,  .



  ,  (and that one),   (over there), .  ()  ( ). That hat is Alexs.

  . 蠖  (They are theirs).   (The hypotheses are theirs).

  .   (are yours). 蠖  (They are yours).

    (sweater).  . 蠖.

  (part)  .    (This is its part).

   (luggage, baggage).  .   (And that is his).



The task:

Please, play inroles. The discussion point (, ) is What, which and whose ()? Think ofthe subject (); the place; the cast list ( ), the guests (); the situation; the follow-up ().




The relative () pronouns


Will you read the following, please?



Give me your dictionary, please. Here you are (, ).

Tell him tocome. Byall means (, ).



We told her ofthe meeting. Thankyou.

Id like totell you the news. That would be nice, indeed.



We took the program along with us (c c). Thats very thoughtful ().

Inform them ofthe deadline (,  ) ofthe application (, ). Yes, sure (, ).



Tell us the news. Yes, certainly.

Ispoke with them the other day (). Really?



Translate the following, please.



   , . , .

 ,  .  (byall means).



   . .

ߠ  (Id like)  .  (yes, sure).



   (We took along with us)  .    (thoughtful).

    (deadline)   (application).  (sure; byall means).



   (Tell her the news). ,  (Yes, sure).

    (We spoke with her the other day).  (You did, didnt you? Did you)?



The task:

Please, think ofsome requests () and replies ().




The Gerundial Construction ones being


My being here ,   

My being astudent ,   

Your being there inMoscow ,    

Your being aprofessional ,   

His being at the station ,   

His being warm-hearted ,   

Her being inStPetersburg ,   -

Her being lever ,  



Our being at the Baikal ,   

Our being specialists ,   

Their being so scrupulous about that ,      .

Their being here at the moment ,    

My being here at the moment was quite favorable tome. ,      ,   ()  .



is being aprofessional was not anews tome. ,   ,    .

Their being content with the conference was quite obvious. ,    ,   .

Our being at the Baikal at that time was apiece ofluck for we met alot ofour acquaintances we had not seen for ages. ,      ,  ,       ,   .



Will you translate, please?



  (being present)  . ,   ,  (evident). ,   ,  (is apleasure). ,   , . ,    (st-graduate student), . ,    (their being content),  . ,   ,  . ,      (his being unwell),   (is alarming). ,     (their being out, their being not in),    (makes me uneasy).



The task: Could you please discuss what is compulsory () or unexpected () for you now and what isnot.




UnitII





The verbbe





The imperative () sentences


Be healthy, wealthy and wise.  ,  .

Be quiet. .

Be cheerful and never say die.   ()  .

Be here.  .

Be aclever boy (girl).  .



Dont be silly.  .

Dont be stupid, Im sorry.  , .

Dont be nervous. , .

Dont be so stubborn.   .

Dont be so excited. .

Dont be ahypocrite.  .



Be more reserved, will you?  , .

Be more careful, will you?  , .

Be more patient, will you?  , .

Be clever, will you?  , .

Be less fastidious, will you?   , ?

Be less proud, will you?  , ?

Dont be afraid ofanything, will you?  , .

Dont be so discouraged, will you?  , ?



The task: Give all possible pieces ofadvice and recommendation, please.




The Present Simple Tense ofthe verb tobe


Iam sure ofthat.   .

Im quite sure ofthat.    .

Im 20years ofage.  20.

Im 25. 25.

Im home now.   .

Im inthe office.  .

Im at work.  .

Im in.  .



Im glad. ߠ.

Im all indoubts about this.     .

Im intwo minds about that.    (,   ).

Im aware ofthat.   .

Im well aware ofthat.    .

Im happy tomeet you.   .

Im inUlan Ude now, call inan hour.  - ,  .

Im well, thank you.    , .

Im fine, thank you.   , .



Im better now, thank you.   , .

Im getting on well, dont worry. Ӡ   , .

Im all right, you neednt worry. Ӡ  ,  .

Im OK, no need toworry.  ,  .

Im afraid Im alittle worse now, but Ihope Ill soon recover, so dont take it close toyour heart, take it easy ,    ,  ,   ,      , .

Im quite content with my purchase.     .



Im pleased with the invitation for the workshop.  ,     .

Im disappointed inthis.   .

Im disillusioned with the proposal.    .

Im upset.   ().

Im put out.  .

Im discouraged.  .

Im inraptures over the show.   

Im delighted with the proposal.    .



Im quite enthusiastic about this.    .

Im pleased with the reception.    ().

Im all at your disposal.    .

Im so sorry. Its all right, take it easy. . , .

Iam sure ofthis and so is she.   ,  .



Will you translate the following, please?



  ,  .

  ,   (Im very upset and so are they).

.

 .

  ,   (Iliked the project and so did they).

  (inraptures over) ,   (and so are they).

   (at your disposal),   .




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