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             ,           .              -?,        ,    .  ,  ,             ,            ,              ,     XX  ( ,    XX ).[14 -  , . 105.]   ,         ,       - ,      : -  ,    ,     [ . .., ..]   .[15 -  .]   ,       ,     ,    ,    ,         .[16 -  .]      ,   ,      .    ,    ,      ,    .[17 -  .]

              ,           ,        .  , ,       (     ),    (     ,     ,         ,  -),      .             2.0[18 - .: Brucato . The Crisis and The Way Out Of It: What We CanLearn From Occupy Wall Street, 08.10.2011: http://www.benbrucato. com/?p=215; Democracia real YA! Manifiesto, 2011: http://www. democraciarealya.es/manifiesto-comun/; Graeber D. Occupys liberation from liberalism: the real meaning of May Day I I The Guardian, 7 May 2012: http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/cifamerica/2012/may/07/occupy-liberation-from-liberalism]      ()             ,        (  , ,   ..).



        ,    ,         :         ,            !     ,       ,   . ,                .          ,                   .[19 - .:  .,  ..   -? , , , . 123.]    ,   ,  ,                   ,     .                    ,      - .

  ,  , ,   , -     ,           (   )     -             ,[20 -           ,    ,   ;               .]           2.0       [21 -        , ,          ,  ,     (Hope, Passion and the New World Order. Mary Zoumazi in conversation with Chantal Mouffe and Ernesto Laclau // Contretemps, 2001,  2, p. 40).]       ,       .[22 -         .: Butler J. So, What Are the Demands? And Where Do They Go From Here? (Occupy Wall Street): http:// ru.scribd.com/doc/86333441/Butler-Judith-So-What-Are-the-Demands-Occupy-Wall-Street; Zizek S. Occupy first. Demands come later // The Guardian, 26 October 2011: http://www.theguardian. com/commentisfree/201 l/oct/26/occupy-protesters-bill-clinton] (       ,     ;[23 - Mouffe Ch. Agonistic Public Spaces, Democratic Politics and the Dynamics of Passions I I Thinking Worlds: The Moscow Conference on Philosophy, Politics, and Art. Ed. J. Backstein, D. Birnbaum, S.-O. Wallenstein. Moscow; Berlin: Interros Publishing Program, Sternberg Press, 2007, p. 95.]      ,  ,    ,      ,      :                  ,            [24 -      ( .,  ..   -? , , , . 118).]).    ,   ,   ,  ,    ?   :   ,          .         ,               ,              .[25 -  , . 123.]




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 ,                      2011-2012       .         ,      ,         2011-2012   -  .[26 -  .   2011-2012   :     // Stasis, 2014, . 2,  1, . 192-226.]   . ,       ,     ,    ,             .    ,         () ,   .         .[27 -  , . 193.]        ,    ,      ,       .[28 -  .]

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       .       ,    . ,   ,    ,  ,     ,            ,          ( . .., ..).  ,               , ,  , , ,       . ,  

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      ,  .     ,     -  .           .      ,     ,    ,              .[33 - Ibid., . 190.]

        : 1)  , 2)    3)  .    ,     ,      .   ,     , , -,         , -,  ()     .           ;             .[34 - .: Norval A. Aversive Democracy: Inheritance and Originality in the Democratic Tradition. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge UP, 2007, p. 47.]      ,             (  )   (  )      ?




    


       .    ,            -  .   ,   . ,   . ,        ,         .[35 -  .  .    . .: -  -  -, 2008, . 34.] ,   ,               (     ),   ,  ,      ,     .[36 -     ,                (.: Laclau . Glimpsing the Future // Laclau: A Critical Reader. London; New York: Routledge, p. 324).    ,    ,              (Zerilli L. This Universalism Which is not One // Laclau: A Critical Reader, p. 89).]

     ,         Ideology and Discourse Analysis  ,            .[37 - Norval A. Aversive Democracy: Inheritance and Originality in the Democratic Tradition, p. 90.]  ,    ,      ,      . ?

        ()  ,   , ,  ,         .         ,   ,          ,    .      ,          .[38 - Ibid., pp. 105-106.]

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   ,  , , , ,   ;   ,   ,         1)   2)  ,       /.      .      ,    ,        -,      .         ,     ;[39 - Agamben G. Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life. Trans. D. Heller-Roazen. Stanford, CA: Stanford UP, 1998, pp. 166-180.]             ,     ,         (               ).

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        ? -   ,       ,   ,  : 1)    2)  ,             , ;       .[41 - Laclau . Emancipation(s). London: Verso, 1996, . 52.]  ,    ,          ,    ,   ,   ( )   ( ).

       -     .           ,   ,       ,    ,          ,       .      ,    ,     .[42 - .: Laclau ., Mouffe Ch. Hegemony and Socialist Strategy: Toward a Radical Democratic Politics, pp. 97-98.]            ,     point de caption,           .  , ,         .       ,  ,       .[43 - Laclau . Glimpsing the Future, . 324.]    ,        1)    2)   .        ,        (,    ,[44 - Laclau ., Mouffe Ch. Hegemony and Socialist Strategy: Toward a Radical Democratic Politics, p. x.]                     ).                   ,       (,     ,       ).

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 ,       ,[49 - Butler J. Giving Account of Oneself. New York: Fordham UP, 2005; Butler J. Precarious Life. The Powers of Mourning and Violence. New York; London: Verso, 2006; Butler J. Frames of War: When Is Life Grievable? London; New York: 2009; Butler J. Parting Ways: Jewishness and the Critique of Zionism. New York: Columbia UP, 2012.] ,     ,         :       ( )    ,   ,    ,           ( ,       ;           ,   ).            ,   ,        ,   ,  軠  ,        (     ,      ,     [50 - Butler J. Frames of War: When Is Life Grievable?, p. 4.]),      :     ,      ,      ,  .            ,   .  ,  ,      ,        ,      ,      1)   2) ,  ,   ,      ( .  .., ..).          ,        1)        ,       , 2)     ,  ,  2011-2012 ,               (   ).[51 - . : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zhklfMZlwU0#t=37]




 1

 1917        :       


  18         (.),                .[52 - Hobsbawm . Nations and Nationalism since 1780: programme, myth, reality. Cambridge University Press, 1990; The Invention of Tradition, eds. E. Hobsbawm and T. Ranger. Cambridge University Press, 1992.]      ,   19  (- ,  ..   .),    20           (    ,        ),[53 - .  .    . .: , 2005,  3.        .]   ,       (   [54 - Hutchinson John. The Dynamics of Cultural Nationalism. London: Allen andAnwin, 1987, p. 12-13.]),     ,       , -.[55 -  . ii. : i  i, : i  i, 1966, . 29  .]  1907    ,    ,      ,     ,   .



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 ,  ,       . ,         , ,   ,         ,            ,      .[58 -  . -i i. i:  , 1970, . 2, . 329.]


 20-       .     ,    XIX .[59 -  . ii, . 29  .]

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 1917-1918  -    ,               ,  ,  .[60 -  .  i i i. --i-i--: i i , 1992, . 10.]



 ,   1918  ,          .   ,   :   ,  ,      ,         ,       ,    .         ,         :     ,     ,   ,   ,  ,        ,   [61 -  , . 11-12.]


  -            1917         ,   ( .)     19  ,     ,              .

         ,        ,                  (suture)    .[62 - Howarth David. Hegemony, Political Subj ectivity, and Radical Democracy // Laclau: A Critical Reader. S. Critchley and O. Marchart eds. New York: Routledge, 2004, p. 261.]      ,        ,    .[63 - Ibid.]    -   ,    ,    [64 - Laclau Ernesto. New Reflections on the Revolution of Our Time. London and New York: Verso, 1990, p.72-80.]      ,                    .

         ,           ,         ,[65 - Ibid.]        ,         ,     . ,   ,  ,     ,         ,    .[66 - Howarth David. Hegemony, political subjectivity, and radical democracy, p. 261. .]            ,      .[67 - Laclau Ernesto. Emansipation(s), . 65.]

                             / ,    ,            ,         ,   컠    ,              .[68 - Norval A. Deconstructing Apartheid Discourse. London: Verso, 1996, p. 9.]       ,               ,     ( . [69 - .  .  : 3- .  1. .: - , -, 1991, . 328.]),      ,   .[70 - Norval A. Deconstructing Apartheid Discourse, . 6.]           ,   ,       ,     ;   ;           ,         .[71 -  , . 102.]  ,                         .   ,      ,      ,     ;   ;   ;  ,         .[72 -  , . 4.]    ,       ,   ,   ,                     .[73 -  , . 6.]

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      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


 .  : ,     1980- . . . //    .  .     . : 1970-2000, .: , 2005, . 324.




2


 , . 325.




3


  .   :     . .:  , 2014, . 122.




4


         . - .    . [.19]. .:  , 2014, . 7-28.




5


             -     .




6


         ,           ,   ,     ,     ( .    //  , 02.08.2014: http://www.svoboda.org/content/article/25478307.html).




7


.:  .          //InoPressa, 11  2014: http://www.inopressa.ru/article/ 1 ljun2014/guardian/zizek.html




8


     ,          ,         ,   ,             .




9


.:  .,  ..   -? , ,  //  , 2/2008,  18, . 96-134.




10


.: Butler J. Violence, Non-Violence: Sartre on Fanon // Graduate Faculty Philosophical Journal, 2006, Vol. 27,  1, pp. 3-24.




11


.           :      .      .       ,        .       .      //  , 09.03.2014: http://www.pravda.com. ua/rus/news/2014/03/9/7018220/




12


 .   .  8.   .   //  , 09.07.2014: http://www.svoboda. org/content/article/25448718.html




13


 .,  ..   -? , , , . 123.




14


 , . 105.




15


 .




16


 .




17


 .




18


.: Brucato . The Crisis and The Way Out Of It: What We Can

Learn From Occupy Wall Street, 08.10.2011: http://www.benbrucato. com/?p=215; Democracia real YA! Manifiesto, 2011: http://www. democraciarealya.es/manifiesto-comun/; Graeber D. Occupys liberation from liberalism: the real meaning of May Day I I The Guardian, 7 May 2012: http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/cifamerica/2012/

may/07/occupy-liberation-from-liberalism




19


.:  .,  ..   -? , , , . 123.




20


          ,    ,   ;               .




21


       , ,          ,  ,     (Hope, Passion and the New World Order. Mary Zoumazi in conversation with Chantal Mouffe and Ernesto Laclau // Contretemps, 2001,  2, p. 40).




22


        .: Butler J. So, What Are the Demands? And Where Do They Go From Here? (Occupy Wall Street): http:// ru.scribd.com/doc/86333441/Butler-Judith-So-What-Are-the-Demands-Occupy-Wall-Street; Zizek S. Occupy first. Demands come later // The Guardian, 26 October 2011: http://www.theguardian. com/commentisfree/201 l/oct/26/occupy-protesters-bill-clinton




23


Mouffe Ch. Agonistic Public Spaces, Democratic Politics and the Dynamics of Passions I I Thinking Worlds: The Moscow Conference on Philosophy, Politics, and Art. Ed. J. Backstein, D. Birnbaum, S.-O. Wallenstein. Moscow; Berlin: Interros Publishing Program, Sternberg Press, 2007, p. 95.




24


     ( .,  ..   -? , , , . 118).




25


 , . 123.




26


 .   2011-2012   :     // Stasis, 2014, . 2,  1, . 192-226.




27


 , . 193.




28


 .




29


      ,        ,                       . Anderson Perry. The -World: The Peripeteia of Hegemony. London, New York: Verso, 2017, p. 94.




30


Cm.: Laclau E., Mouffe Ch. Hegemony and Socialist Strategy: Toward a Radical Democratic Politics. London; New York: Verso, 2001, p. 150.




31


Ibid., p. 68.




32


Ibid., . 176.




33


Ibid., . 190.




34


.: Norval A. Aversive Democracy: Inheritance and Originality in the Democratic Tradition. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge UP, 2007, p. 47.




35


 .  .    . .: -  -  -, 2008, . 34.




36


    ,                (.: Laclau . Glimpsing the Future // Laclau: A Critical Reader. London; New York: Routledge, p. 324).    ,    ,              (Zerilli L. This Universalism Which is not One // Laclau: A Critical Reader, p. 89).




37


Norval A. Aversive Democracy: Inheritance and Originality in the Democratic Tradition, p. 90.




38


Ibid., pp. 105-106.




39


Agamben G. Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life. Trans. D. Heller-Roazen. Stanford, CA: Stanford UP, 1998, pp. 166-180.




40


Cm.: Glinos J. Radical Democratic Ethos, or, What is an Authentic Political Act // Contemporary Political Theory, 2003, Vol. 2, p. 196.




41


Laclau . Emancipation(s). London: Verso, 1996, . 52.




42


.: Laclau ., Mouffe Ch. Hegemony and Socialist Strategy: Toward a Radical Democratic Politics, pp. 97-98.




43


Laclau . Glimpsing the Future, . 324.




44


Laclau ., Mouffe Ch. Hegemony and Socialist Strategy: Toward a Radical Democratic Politics, p. x.




45


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9G6bMheayBQ




46


 .   //  .  . . ., ., . .. . .: , 2008, . 169-170.




47


      (,  ) -     .




48


 X Vita activa,    . . . . .. . .: , 2000,  LXI.




49


Butler J. Giving Account of Oneself. New York: Fordham UP, 2005; Butler J. Precarious Life. The Powers of Mourning and Violence. New York; London: Verso, 2006; Butler J. Frames of War: When Is Life Grievable? London; New York: 2009; Butler J. Parting Ways: Jewishness and the Critique of Zionism. New York: Columbia UP, 2012.




50


Butler J. Frames of War: When Is Life Grievable?, p. 4.




51


. : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zhklfMZlwU0#t=37




52


Hobsbawm . Nations and Nationalism since 1780: programme, myth, reality. Cambridge University Press, 1990; The Invention of Tradition, eds. E. Hobsbawm and T. Ranger. Cambridge University Press, 1992.




53


.  .    . .: , 2005,  3.        .




54


Hutchinson John. The Dynamics of Cultural Nationalism. London: Allen andAnwin, 1987, p. 12-13.




55


 . ii. : i  i, : i  i, 1966, . 29  .




56


 .  ii  // i- i. . 37. i, 1907, . 112.




57


 , . 114.




58


 . -i i. i:  , 1970, . 2, . 329.




59


 . ii, . 29  .




60


 .  i i i. --i-i--: i i , 1992, . 10.




61


 , . 11-12.




62


Howarth David. Hegemony, Political Subj ectivity, and Radical Democracy // Laclau: A Critical Reader. S. Critchley and O. Marchart eds. New York: Routledge, 2004, p. 261.




63


Ibid.




64


Laclau Ernesto. New Reflections on the Revolution of Our Time. London and New York: Verso, 1990, p.72-80.




65


Ibid.




66


Howarth David. Hegemony, political subjectivity, and radical democracy, p. 261. .




67


Laclau Ernesto. Emansipation(s), . 65.




68


Norval A. Deconstructing Apartheid Discourse. London: Verso, 1996, p. 9.




69


.  .  : 3- .  1. .: - , -, 1991, . 328.




70


Norval A. Deconstructing Apartheid Discourse, . 6.




71


 , . 102.




72


 , . 4.




73


 , . 6.


