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 . ,    XX



Benjamin Moser

Sontag: Her Life and Work



 Copyright 2019 by Benjamin Moser

  ,    , 2019

 .   , 2022


* * *


      


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:       .

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   , 1  1964.






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  ,     ,  ,    ,          .

 ,   (1) (1982),  

    .        .      ,        ,      .

   17    ,   ,    (   !)  ,                  , -    ,         ,     -  : ,   ,    .

  ,            ladywriter (   , ),     ,       ,         ,   ,      .

    ,        ,      ,     .   ,      ,   ,           -,   ,   ,   ,  .

  , , ,             ,       (  ). ,         ,   ,      .         .



,    ,   (      ),   (      )           (           ,   .        .     ).


   ,    ,     ,  , ,  .        (  ),         , ,  (  ),    ,              .             ,    ,       .

   ,    .

     :         . ,      :    ,      (  ,   ),   (    51 ,      ).     ,        ?           .    ?      -      ,        ,  ,  ,    ?



 .     , ,            .


,        .   ,   ,    (: ,    , , ),         ,           .                ,      ,        ,     ,    .

        ,    .  ,  ,          ,   .     ,             ,      ,         ,  ,  .

                ,                 ,    , .

  ,      (     ) ,    ,          ,          ,       . , ,       ,   .

       ,    ,  ,    (   ). ,    ,  ,     ( ) , ,     ,   ,          ,    ,    ,   ,           (, )         ,    .



 ,     .    .    ,     ,     .


  :     ,    ,    .          ,         (   :     ),                     .

         ,            ,     ,         ,  -,   .          .



   ,      .


   ,    ,    :      .        :  1992 ,   ,         ,  ,   .              -,       ,  ,  .              ,    ,    -,  (   )     ,     :     .



 

, ,    YouTube-  .  , 2007   .  smm-    ,    ,  ,  ,  ,    ,   , Cosmopolitan, GEO,  , L`Officiel Voyage, Interview Russia . Ѡ2014 2018   ,     300  .       .




.  


  1919     -           ,    .          (     ).    -,   .            ,           ,     .         ,       (     ),    ,    .     1915-        .

    -    ,       ,     ,                .           [1 - A.H.Giebler, News of Los Angeles and Vicinity: 8,000 Armenians in Selig Spectacle, The Moving Picture World 39, no. 4 (1919).].        ,  ,       .

      :     , ,         ,            .  ,      ,   ,       .

     ,        .



           ,         ,    .      .              .       . ,   . ,   ,    ,    ,   .

   ,   -  ,    ,         ,      -,     .      -   ,      ,      .     ,      .

   ,    .     ,     ,          .    ,                -,        . ,    ,         .

         ,    .        ,     .             .        .     ,    -       ,         -.  ,    ,         .

    (       )   ,    .   ,      [2 - Sontag, I, etcetera (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1978), 23.].



,  ,      ,   [3 - .  ,    Ad Marginem, 2013.].


 ,   ,      ,      .        ,  ,        .

  ,    ,     ,     .          ,    . ,            , ,     ,   ,         (  -   ).

          .         ,        .           -,      .            ,     [4 - Ibid., 20.],   .

   .      ,           ,      .

   .    ,          .  ,         ,       ,      . , ,        ,     ,    .        (,         ,         )  ,          .        .



        ,     ,    .


    ,                 ,     ,  .       .

      ,    ,  ,   ,    ,     [5 - Cynthia Ozick, On Discord and Desire, in The Din in the Head (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2006), 3.].     .   ,   , ,  .          ,   , ,   ,  .    ,               ,  ,     .

   ,      .                      ,    - ,      ,    .    ,     .       ,        .     ,     .

      ,             .   (,           )      ,  ,  ,     [6 -     .].      ,  , ,  Vogue, -      .         ,  , ,  ,           .

 ,      ,     ,   . ,           .   ,    .     ,      ,   :     !      [7 -     .].



   ,    ,      ,   ,         .    .  ,   XIX   ,  [8 - .  .].   ,    (, ,    ,    ),        .    ,    , ,  ,  (  )    ,    ,     .

    ,         .   ,   ,    :       .   :   ,         [9 -     .].     ,          ,    ,   ,  ,     .         ,     ,  , .

        ,           .    , ,       ,       :     .  ,  ,  ,  .      ,        ?

         ,     ,  ,     .        [10 - .  .]. (           ,       .)  ,   [11 - Ibid., 11.].

     ,        .    [12 - Conor Skelding, Fearing Embarrassment, the FBI Advised Agents Against Interviewing Susan Sontag, Muckrock, June 13, 2014, https://www.muckrock.com/news/archives/2014/jun/13/susan-sontag-security-matter.],            .               ?              ,    ?          .      ,   ,  .  ,   ,      ,    -  ?

           . ,      .      ,    . ,    ,            ,      .       , ,     .  ,     [13 - .  .].        ,      .

  ,   ,     .       ,  ,    ,     ,     ,   .



,   ,              ?




Je r?vedoncje suis /  , , .



         [14 - Sontag, The Benefactor: A Novel (New York: Farrar, Straus, 1963), 1.].                .   The Benefactor/        , , , ,        .        .             .      [15 - Ibid., 246.].

    ( ,  )      .            ,  :    ,    ,   .         ,    .         ,    ,  ,    ,  , .

       .                ,       ?    ,   ,      .   ,     ,  ,  , , ,         .    ,   ,  ,   ,          [16 - Sontag, The Benefactor: A Novel (New York: Farrar, Straus, 1963), 1, 70.].          .                 [17 - .     ,          Ad Marginem, 2014.].

      .    .         .   ,        .    ,      ,     ,    ,   ,       .      ,    ,   ,     ,      ,    [18 - The World as India, in Sontag, At the Same Time: Essays and Speeches, eds. Paolo Dilonardo and Anne Jump (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2007).].

 ,   .      ,    .        ,    .

    ,   , ,    .  ,  ,       ,       ,         .             :    ,     ,          .

     1970-          ,   .  ,          ,  .   ,       ,   ,         ,     [19 - Susan Sontag Papers (Collection 612). UCLA Library Special Collections, CharlesE. Young Research Library, UCLA.].  ,   :    .     ,        ,      .

   ,       ,   .           ,    .       ,         .    ,     .  ,           ,           .            .    .   ,  (  ,  ,   ,    ) ,   .      (       ).

        .      -    ,       ,    .                ? ,   ,      ,  ,     ,       -      .     ,     ,    .      (  ,    ..)  [20 - Sontag Papers, August 13, [1960].].

           ,    ,   .     -,         .        ,   ,           (  ,       ),     .     ,    ,  .             ,      .



         ,        .


   ,  ,     ,         [21 - David Rieff, Swimming in a Sea of Death: A Sons Memoir (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2008), 62.].              ,   ,  ,   ,    .

 ,    ,   ,     ,      ,   ,    ,     ,    ,            .    :     ,    ,    [22 - Sontag Papers, December 12, 1957.].

  ,    ,      ,    ,   ,       ,  ,   , ,      .

          ,    .           ,  (),       (),    -   .       :       .           .   ,      ,       .   ,       .

   ,   ,  ,       ,    ,  ,    ,     ,   .     .     ,  ,  .     ,      ,     ,       .     ,     ?      ,   ? ,  ,   ,     ,           .



       ,      ,     ,  .


     ,    ?        ,   ,    ,    ?

        ,          [23 - .  .].  ,       ,     ,       .   ,    ,  ,      [24 -   ,       .].   ,  ,      .                     .        ,     .



           ,      ,    .


  , ,          ,        (,       ).  ,      ,      1960- ,    :    [25 - Sontag Papers, December 9, 1961.].       :     ,   [26 - Sontag Papers, April 11, 1971.].

   ,       ,      .      ,     .         , ,  ,     ,     .   ,        ,   ,         ,         ,     .      ,     ,   ,         ,   .

       .   1990-,   ,  ,  ,     ,    ,        , ,   ,          1942-[27 - Sontag to Peter Schneider, June 18, 1993, Sontag Papers.].

   ,     ,       ,       .    ?               .       ?        ,        ?[28 -     .]

        .     ,    ,       .      ,  ,    ,    .        , ,             .              , ,  ,         .

  ,     ,     .   ,     ,  ,           .             ,       .     (,    )     , ,  ,     ,         .   ,     ,  Je r?ve donc je suis     .     ,            .           .     ,      ,      ,     ,       .

        .     ,     .     , ,   , ,    .        ,     ,   ,     .           .         (  ,   )  ,       ,           .      .    ,         .     [29 -     .].




 I





 1.  


          ,       ,       .       ,          ,   ,        [30 -     .         Paris,   ,  1926-, ,  ,     1931-,       -. (See U.S. Customs records, listed in note: 15.) The sign on the train reads: Stolpce-Warszawa-Poznan-[Zbaszyn?]-Berlin-Hannover-K?ln-Liege-Paris.].

    ,     ,  : , , , ,   .          ,        , -   .       .        ,     ,   ,         .  -       . ,    ,             .

     1926-,     .      1931 . ,   ,   ,  ,           .       ,     ,  .      ,  -              .      ,              ,       .       .



     25  1906 .           ,      .    ,  :     1894-,    ,  ,    ,  .     -  ,    -  . ,   ,      , , ,     ,            ,      -.

       -,     ,  .       -     -.         .       1911-,    ,     -.   ,           , -     .       .     ,        ,         [31 -     .].    ,  ,           .         , ,        [32 - Sontag Papers, week of Feb. 12, 1962.].

    ,   ,  ,     .              .      . .    -  ,       Chanel.       .       ?             ,           ,  [33 -     .].     - ,   , ,         .  ,   ,    [34 -     .].



     , ,     .       ,   ,       Grassingers,       ,  ,      .             ,         .

        ,        - (          XX ).     ,      - .            ,       -  ,       [35 - Nora Ephron, Not Even a Critic Can Choose Her Audience. New York Post, September 23, 1967.].           [36 - Sontag Papers.].

 ,  -       ,      .    - 1  1905 .     ,            ,    - ().      .      ,     [37 -     .].         ,        ,       [38 - Sontag Papers.]         Kung Chen Fur Corporation    -  .       .       ,     ,       , , ,   ,          .



 16  1933     ,        86-   -.


         -.

 1936-,   ,      -.          -.              .   -      -,    .           .



       ,   ,    .   18       .     ,       ,       [39 - .   ,   ,      ѻ / IRIS Foundation, 2016.].     ,     ,      .

  ,  ,     Grossingers,  .         .       ,                [40 -     .].  ,       . ,   ,          (          :    1928 ,         ).       .  1930       ,    .

   ,    .         ,         .           .  ,       , ,  ,     ,   ,     .         ,   .           ,         [41 - Sontag Papers, early 1970s.].

  ,       .   ,              .      ,   . .   ,   .  ,    ,   [42 -     .].        .     ,  .   ,    .        .  ,  ,        ,      [43 - Judith Cohen to Sontag, late 1970s, Sontag Papers.].

  ,       .      .     ,    -   -   .     ,  ,   ,  [44 -   Ancestry.com     .         ,  ,     ,  1931.       17.11.1923, ,          Empress of Asia 29.11.1923.           Julius Klugmans Sons, Inc.,  : 42 West Thirty-Eighth Street, New York City.          Mei Hwa Fur Trading Corporation.       .     19.05.1924,    04.06.1924   President Madison.   : 950 Noe Avenue, New York.            SS Empress 09.07.1927.   : 330 Wadsworth Avenue, New York.      17.07.1928   President McKinley,  30.07.1928. : Continental Fur Corporation, 251 West Thirtieth Street, New York.       03.06.1931   Paris,   - 09.06.1931.  : 251 West Thirtieth Street.       President Coolidge 14.10.1933,    24.10.1933.  : 251 West Thirtieth Street.      .    - 18.10.1933   Monterey     23.10.1933.   04.11.1933   Lurline    - 09.11.1933.   , , 14.02.1934,   - 15.10.   Monarch of Bermuda.      : 251 West Thirtieth Street.     - 20.06.1936.     03.01.1937   Oriente,   - 05.01.1937.  : 21 Wensley Drive, Great Neck, Long Island. 11.03.1938        California,   - 14.03.1938.     19.10.1938.       .].      ,           (  1924     ,       16 ,          ).  ,           ,          , ,   ,     .

  ,       .   -,      ,    .      ,  ,         [45 - China screenplay, Sontag Papers.].        ,    .



     ,  .            [46 - Judith Cohen to Sontag, late 1970s, Sontag Papers.].


       ,      .    ,      [47 - Sontag, I, etcetera, 18.],       [48 -     .].  ,  ,     ,   ,     ,      .      ?  ,           ,   .    ,      ?      ,       .     ,    ,  ,    ,           .         .

       .            ,      .      ,   .    [49 - China screenplay, Sontag Papers; ibid.].      ,  ,             .  ,  ,  ,   [50 -     .].

         ,   .   ,  ,  ,     ,   .       .         -    -    -      .  ,        .     , ,          ,     ,         .

   ,     .   ,      ,  ,       . ,      [51 - Sontag Papers, August 10, 1967.].        ,     ,    . ,  ,    23 , ,  ,     ( ) +    .   +      +   .    +  [52 - Sontag to Mildred Sontag, July 4, 1956, Sontag Papers.].

       ,      ,        .     ,    ,   ,     ,     [53 -      .].

           ,       .       ,       [54 -     .].         .       ,    ,  ,     ,     :



. (     ,  )

:       ?

.:   ,     [55 - Sontag Papers, March 25, 1986.].



          .    ,    , :  ,    ,    [56 - Sontag Papers, March 25, 1987.] (  ).    ,    ,   ,           (   ,      ,  ,    ).

   ,      ,     .        .



,     ,    ,     ,      ,    .     .        ,   ,      ,     .   ,       ,       .

    .

    .



  ,   ,      ,        .  ,     ,    ,            .   ,     ,       .   ,      ,   ,  ,     . ,      ,      -  ,    :  [57 - Sontag Papers, January 11, 1960.].



     ,   [58 -     .],   .


  ,          :    .      ,        [59 - Sontag Papers, n.d.].    ,                .

      ,   ,        ,        ,  .    14 ,        .              ,   ,      .  ,       -,      ,        .  , ,        .

 ,           .       ,      ,   1930-      .



     .

,   ,    .

. .

        .

    . ( ,  ,             .)

 .

   ,  ,   ,      .    [60 - Project for a Trip to China, in Sontag, I, etcetera, 23.].



         . 19  1938   -        ,         .    ,     .

       ,      .     .   ,              ,    ,     ,        -.             .

     ,  .      ,    .   -,      .

    ,     .    .        [61 - Sontag Papers, n.d.             .].          ,          .          ,     [62 - Project for a Trip to China, in Sontag, I, etcetera, 24.].

    ,     ,    ,   :         ,       [63 - Sontag, Illness, 7.].     (  ,     ),    ,      [64 - Suzie Mackenzie, Finding Fact from Fiction, Guardian, May 27, 2000.].  ,           ,      .         .   ,    ,    30    .       [65 - Project for a Trip to China, in Sontag, I, etcetera, 17.].  1970-           ,                 [66 - Sontag Papers, n.d.              -, -, 6  1906.].



 ,    32 .            ,  ,      . ,    .          ,   ,        ,        .      ,  ,   ,           .       ,    .      ,           , ,    [67 - Project for a Trip to China, in Sontag, I, etcetera, 5.].       :        ?[68 - Ibid., 7.]    .

        ,  ,    .  ,   ,    ,    ,  ,             ,     [69 - Project for a Trip to China, in Sontag, I, etcetera, 5.].



   ,       .


  ,    ,  .     ,         .

  1970- ,    ,    ,    ,     ,      .        ,       .    ,        ,    ,       .   ,     .      : ,   ( )  -?[70 - China screenplay, Sontag Papers.]



   ,       ,     ,    .      ,        ,    .        ,        ,         , ,       ,   [71 - Project for a Trip to China, in Sontag, I, etcetera, 24.].    .       ,         ,      .         ,    ,       ,     ,  ,   ,   [72 - Sontag Papers, n.d.].

   ,       Jack-in-the-box,       ,     ?   [73 - Sontag Papers, n.d.]     ,    ,    ,           [74 - Rieff, Swimming, 174.].




 2.  


1949.       .            .   ,  , , ,   ,   (. camp)       . Camp,  ,   ,     .     ,       .     !  .     .

     .   ,        ,  .    ,    .     ,     ,  .  .    .         .      ,  .           .     .

             (,       1939-  ,    ?)      .      ,  . .  ,    [75 -     .].      ,   ,   [76 -     .],   .

,  ,       ,     .          .             ,       ,         .



        .    .  Kung Chen Fur       500   ,      2018    8000 .       ,     ,   .  , -      ,    , , .        [77 -     .].

  ,       . ,       ,  - .     -       -.          ,   . ,         ,        -,    ,  1939-  1940-.           -  .  1941     -  ,     1943-,           . ,    ,    ,       .

    (, ,     )    .   ,           .        ,     -   .       ,          , :    ?[78 -        .]        ,      ,   ,           .



      ,     ,    [79 - . ,   ,   ,      ѻ/IRIS Art Foundation, 2014.].


    ,     -   .     ,   [80 - Judith Cohen in Nancy Kates, dir., Regarding Susan Sontag, HBO, 2014.].       ,         (..: UNK   ,   . Unknown  )[81 -     .].        , ,      ,          :  ,  ,       [82 -     .].

      ,      ,     .    , .   ,     .     .    ,     (       ).    [83 - . ,   , 29.08.1964.].

 ,        ,   .           .  ,     ,       .      ,  -     .    ,   ,      ,       [84 -        .].

           ,       .  ,    ,     ,     ,  .   ,    ,  ,   ,     (  )[85 - Sontag Papers.].       ,    .   ,  .      .   .   ,  ,  [86 -     .].     ,       ,     ,     -.    ,   ,     (     ).     ,        .   ,    .       [87 - Sontag Papers.].      ,     .

 ,        ,  ,      [88 - Ibid.].       .    ,    ,   ,     ,       .     ,      [89 - . ,   , 09.08.1967.].       ,      .

 ,   ,    .    ,       .  ,    ,    .            ,  .   ,    ,     .      ,     ,       .   ,      ,         ,       ,      ,  [90 - Sontag Papers, n.d.].     ,      ,  ,    ,    ,     [91 - . ,   , 09.08.1967.].



        ,     .          -.           ,      .  ,         ,       ,  .       ,  ,                   ,    .

  ,               ,       .      . ,     ,       .   ,        ,     .

   -   . ,      ,    .        ![92 - .  , 3  1962.   , 2013.]   ,     .    ,        .       ?          .     -[93 - Janet Geringer Woititz, Adult Children of Alcoholics (Deerfield Beach, FL: Health Communications, 1983), 3.].



  ,       .


      ,   (,    ,      [94 - Sontag Papers.])     ,        .

     ,     ,    ,  ,      .  ,      , ,  ,    , ,  ,   [95 - This discussion relies on Woititz, Adult Children of Alcoholics.].

,       ,      .      ,       ,  ,           .

 :  -   ,   .       ,    [96 - This discussion relies on Woititz, Adult Children of Alcoholics.].     . ,       ,   ,           .       , ,   ,       .             -         .



    ,    . ,       .    ,       [97 - Sontag, Pilgrimage, The New Yorker, December 21, 1987.],      ,  - .   ,    ?  .    [98 - Project for a Trip to China, in Sontag, I, etcetera, 7.].        .  .    ,  ,    [99 - Ibid., 22.].

       .           .           .         .       ,   .      .  .    .       ,     .          [100 -     .].

          . ,               .        .   -  ,  ,      [101 - Sontag Papers.].  ,       , , ,      .   ,       .



        [102 -     .],  ,     ,    .          Redbook,       [103 -     .].          ,     .    ,  ,   ,         ,  [104 - . ,   , 10.08.1967.].



 ,      [105 - Ibid., 213, August 9, 1967.],   .


  ,     ,        .      [106 - Ibid., 223, August 10, 1967.]    .     [107 -     .],       .     ,  ,     . ,      ,    .  .         .     [108 -     .].

         ,       ,      .      ,     ,     .     ,       . :    ,   ,      ?     [109 - Eva Kollisch in Kates, Regarding Susan Sontag.].       , -      .  ,           ,   ( )[110 - . ,   , 10.08.1967.],   ,    .    ,   . ,        (        ,      ),     [111 - Ibid., 223.].      ,    ,     ,      [112 - .  , 29.02.1960.   , 2013.   .].




 3.   


  ,       ,  ,           :       ?[113 - .  .]

       ,     .    ,         ,     ,     .         ,        [114 - Ibid., 115,  1957.]. ,  ,      .          ,   ,   ,   ,     .        ,     .

   ,    ,    [115 - .  , , 2008.]            .    ,  ,   ,          ,  ,    , ,  ,   ,    [116 - Sontag Papers, dated 1948.    ,      .].

      ,        .  1939-     (       )                .



         ,    : ,     ?[117 - .  ,  1957.]


   ,  ,   ,  .       ,      .      ,     ,        .                -,      ,           .

       ,    [118 - David Rieff quoted in Daniel Schreiber, Susan Sontag: Geist und Glamour: Biographie (Berlin: Aufbau Verlag, 2010), 18.],     ,   ,     [119 - Sontag Papers.].

   ,        .       .  1940      -,        -,   - ,       .  .          .   1941-  -,     .

             144,         .  ,            ,         .           ,       .    , ,       .     ?  .      ,        .

  ,        .  ,     ,       .        ,       .           ,       ,     ,   ,  .

 ,          ,  . ,      ,     ,     ,    ,        ,   ,     .



         ,       ,      ,    .       ,  ,       [120 -     .].



     144       .   ,          .      ,       .



       ,   , ,     ,      .


     ,        []     ,      . ,      ,   .     ,        .  1970-   ,        ,      [121 - Carolyn G.Heilbrun, Writing a Womans Life (New York: W.W.Norton, 1988), 21.  . 12  :  1984-     1970     ,          .     ,       ,  ,             .].  1960-      ,   ,            [122 - Carl E.Rollyson and Lisa Olson Paddock, Susan Sontag: The Making of an Icon (New York: W.W.Norton, 2000), 152.].    ,    ,       ,  :  ,       ,    150 [123 - Michael Norman, Diana Trilling, a Cultural Critic and Member of a Select Intellectual Circle, Dies at 91, New York Times, October 25, 1996.].

  -          .  1937-        .   ,       .          ,    (    ,    ,       ,       , , ,      ).   ,       [124 - Wendy Perron, Susan Sontag on Writing, Art, Feminism, Life and Death, Soho Weekly News, December 1, 1977.].

             [125 - .  , , 2004.]              [126 -     .].          ,      ,          . ,   ,       ,     .  ,    ,    (    ,   ),       ,   , ,  ,    ,  [127 - .  , , 2004.].

             .  -        ,                 ,          (  )[128 - .  ,  1957.].         20000   -  ,          .      ,          ,    .      ,        [129 - Quoted in Craig Seligman, Sontag & Kael: Opposites Attract Me (New York: Counterpoint, 2004), 16.].

   ,       .      -       .        ,    ,      .     .        .

        .      ,      , -,  , -, [130 - Rollyson and Paddock, Making of an Icon, 161.].    ,       ,       .       .      ,       :        ,      [131 -     .].    ,        ,   ,      .    .       ,  ,       ,        ,   ,    .

, , ,    ,     .   , ,   .     ,   ,    ,   ,            -[132 -     .  ,   ,   ,   .        .].      :      ,      [133 - Sontag to Jonathan Safran Foer, May 27, 2003, Sontag Papers.],    ,   ,    ,     .       ,          ,        [134 -     . .  ,  1957.].

  ,      .               .        ,   ,    .



      ,     , ,           .    ,       ,  ,      .  ,         ,      .



      ,             ,     ,   [135 - Literature Is Freedom, in Sontag, At the Same Time, 207.].


       . ,        -, -         ,  ,    .    .  , , ,      ,    [136 -     .].       ,    ,   ,     ,    .

 ,      ,    ,        ,    .    ,    ,         .      ,           .          ,    .            , , ,   ,     .

    (,   ,     )   ,     ,   ,        .



   ,

  , , ,

   ,     ,

   

  ,     -     ,

  ,      - 

    - ,

  ,              

 .



  12  13   ,     ,       .       ,       .      .           -  ,    ,  [137 - Sontag Papers.].       .         ,    , ,   ,    .     [138 - Ibid.].



 -    .      ,       1920-         .          .  ,     ,   .        :      ,            .         ,     [139 - The Desert Sanatorium and Institute of Research: Tucson, Arizona, http://www.library.arizona.edu/exhibits/pams/pdfs/institute1.pdf/.].

      ,    -,   .        , ,    ,    .           -  :            [140 - .  .].               .



     ,  ,        [141 -     .].


   2409  --.        ,   1943-           ,       Arizona Inn     [142 -     .].            .       ,         -,      ,     . , , ,           . ,        ,               (          ),      .      ,     .

      .   ,             .    ,       -  .       ,    .      ,     .       ,   ,        [143 - .  ,  1957.].      ( ),     ,    .

              :      [144 - Sontag Papers, March 25, 1987.].                ,      ,    ,    .         ,      ,    11 .      ,   .  :       [145 - . ,   , 114115, 06.09.1965, .].         .

          ,      (  )          ,     ,     [146 - Rieff, Swimming, 74.].        .        ,       .   ,  ,  ,            ,   .     ,            ,       ,     .        ,   ,  ,      -. ,          .

          ,     ,    .       / Death Kit                      :



-    .            ,     [147 - Sontag, Death Kit (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1967), 260263.].



       [148 - Sontag, Pilgrimage.].  ,       ,    .      ,      .     ,       clavicula,   ,      48  48 [149 - . ,   , 114115, 06.09.1965, .].       .   70    :     1066..

        ,     .     ,      [150 -     .],   .         .



  ,   ,     .        .  :   .  ,   .     .



  ,     ,   ,      .        ,  .       ,            .      ,     .        .



      ,           .    -       ,       ,   .    ,  ,     . , ,  ,       .    ,      .

         , , ,     ,            ,    .     ,    ,            ,    , , ,     .        ,          -  .      ,  -    . -     ,  ,  ,        [151 - Sontag Papers, not included in the published journals.].

   ,      .       :      ,   [152 -     .].      , ,  .           ( ,      ,   [153 - Literature Is Freedom, in Sontag, At the Same Time, 207.]) ,              .        ,          ø                  . ,           .      ,        ,   .

      ,   ,     .  ,  (   )          .     Modern Library,        ,     .        , ,  ,    ,    [154 - Ibid.].   , ,       ,        .

    ,      ,       .       .    ,  ,    -,                 .           ,    ,       , ,   , .    ,   ,  .    ,       ,   ,        [155 - Greg Daugherty, The Last Adventure of Richard Halliburton, the Forgotten Hero of 1930s America, Smithsonian, March 25, 2014.].

         .  ,          .   ,    [156 - Homage to Halliburton, in Sontag, Where the Stress Falls: Essays (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2002), 255; Annie Leibovitz, A Photographers Life: 19902005 (New York: Random House, 2006).].      ,   .  1939-,       ,        -.   ,       .   39 ,    ,   .           :     , ,   ,        ,   ,    .              [157 - Homage to Halliburton, in Sontag, Where the Stress Falls, 255.].      .



    --      ,     ,    .


     ?[158 - Judith Cohen to Sontag, Sontag Papers.]     .            .     Cactus Press     ,               ,        .       [159 - Cactus Press, vol. I, no. VIII, May 6, 1945, Sontag Papers.].               .        ,        .  ,    ,     ,  ,          .        ,        ,            ,   ,    ,    .

        . 10  1945-              .      ,       .     ,     ,        .



 ,     , .

, ,  (   ?).

  ,     , ?     , ?

( ,    ?)  ,    .

     ,    [160 - Sontag Papers, 1948.].



 ,    .             .  ,        , ,        .

            1944 .   ,          .       .        ,  ,       .     ,   .     ,  ,  ,    .    ,  ,   . ,    ,    .

   ,       ,  .     .

       ,       ,    ,       ( ,   ,       ).     ,          .   ,     ,   .

  ,   ,    .      ,    ,   [161 -     .]   .       , ,  ,  .    ,    ,     .        ,  .      .  ,      ,           ,     ,   ,   ,      .

      .        ,  ,   ,       .                    ,    ,             .       ,  .      ,       .  ,    .          ,        .   ,       ,   ,       ,    .

 ,        ,       .   ,     ,   ,  ,   ,   ,         .    ,      ,           .



     ,       ,       .     .      -   .      ,    ,   .            ,       [162 - .  ,  1957.].

 ,                .   ,     .        ,  .      ,      ,   ,         .     .     ,     .     . ,    ,      [163 - Susan Rieff, Decisions, Sontag Papers.].

       ,        .             .       ,      .      ,     .         .         .    ,        (  )      .        ,        .    ,   .



    ,    [164 - .  .].


       ,      .      ,     . ,    ,        ,           .  .       [165 -     .].




 4.  


      1946 ,        .    -,      ,     [166 - Ephron, Not Even a Critic Can Choose Her Audience.].   ,    ,      .  ,    ,   .           ,       .   -    .

    -,      ,      .    ,          . -      ,      .          .                .      :     .  ,    ,     [167 - .  .].

    -,      .             .  ,   ,   ,   ,      ,     .             .

 -      ,  ,      -   ,    []  ,     [168 - Rief, Swimming, 88.],     .       (1987.).            :               ,     ,  , , ,  , -,       .           ,      [169 - Sontag, Pilgrimage.].

,      -  .      ,   -,  ,     -.        ,    :     .    .  [170 -     .]. - 1946-      ,    ,              .  ,       Modern Library      ,          .

     4540  -  -    -.   ,        , , ,     ,     .  -  -  ,     .  ,          [171 - Sontag, Pilgrimage.],     -   ,       -  [172 -     .].

     ,         -,    -               .          ,         .        ,       [173 - Sontag, Pilgrimage.].       .      ,      ,     , ,   ,     .       .      ,         .   ,    ,   ,    ,  ,  .         ,  ,    ,   ,     .  -     ,  ,     ,   .    ,        ,    .       ,    .  ,        .           ,   , ,  ,   ,   ( )   [174 - Sontag Papers, August 24, 1987.].

   ,  ,         ,    . ,   ,     ,   ,     -.     ,      ,    ,      ,       .



    ,    ,     .




      ,         ,                + ,      +  , ,  ,    !



   ,  .        + ,   ,        ,    [175 - .  , 12  1950.].



            .  ,  ,      .       ,    .  ,        ,        .      [176 -     .].

        ,  .      ,        ,      .

           ,             .  ,  ,  ,    , ,         [177 - Sontag, Pilgrimage.],       ,       ,     ,        .   ,     ,       ,             [178 - Rieff, Swimming, 142.].

             .   -,     ,     .          ,     ,   ,        .

    ,         ,     .                .    ,        (1901.),          ,     .         ,        .           ,      ,         ,    .

        .

 1965      ,       ,    .     ,      ,    ,        .     ,      :  -      -        [179 -   / The Imagination of Disaster. .     .].

  ,     ,    ,     ,   .



 ,    ,     ,    - , , ,   - ,       ,   !,        .      -    [180 - Ibid., 225.].



        ,          :     [181 - Ibid., 224.].    ,  , ,        .    ,  ,  ,        .  -        ,          ,  .           ,     [182 - Ibid., 217.].



 -     .     ,   ,       -. ?  - ,    ,        -  ,     .              ,    ,       .      . ,            .         -.        [183 - Sontag, Pilgrimage.].

     ,   .           ,      - 1940-   .       [184 - Ibid.].      ,  ,                  ,        .  ,    ,     [185 - Ibid.],       . ,          , ,              .   ,     . ,    ,  .      ,   [186 -     .].

,   ,   .    ,      Modern Library,      ,    .             ,        -,     ,   .    ,       ,      .   ,      ,  .      .

   .         ,          .     ,      :



   .      .        ,      .       ,         .          .          ,      ,             ,       ,     [187 - Jack London, Martin Eden (New York: Macmillan, 1909).].





       .


     ,             ,    .      The Arcade,       ,  :     (   2    4  )    ,     -,    [188 - Time to Get Up. May 17, 1948, Sontag Papers.].

    .  ,     (    )        ,         .



,       ,      .      .   , , , ,      ,  .    ,   ,     .        [189 - Rollyson and Paddock, Making of an Icon, 17.].

     . ,    ,    ,  ,        ,     .        .    , ,   [190 -     .],   .

                     .            The Arcade        ,    Lil Abner.          [191 - Viva la Slobbovia. The Arcade, April 16, 1948, Sontag Papers.],   .  1977       ,  ,       :



 11-     Readers Digest  ,      .      .

     ,    Readers Digest. ,              ,         ,     .

 ,         Readers Digest[192 - Perron, Susan Sontag on Writing.              ,          ,       .].



       ,   ,     ,        , ,   . ,      ,  ,        ,     ,        .  ,    ,     14 .                   [193 - Sontag Papers, March 7, 1947.].   :       ,  .         ,  :     [194 - Sontag Papers, Notebook 5, March 7, 1947  May 6, 1947; Notebook 11, May 28, 1948  May 29, 1948.].   15        .         (  ,    - ).      ,            :          (  ).    ,    ,       .                 ,    [195 - Sontag Papers, October 18, 1948.].



      .    (        ,    ) ,   ,  -     ,   .   ,          -,    -,  ,         -,      ,       .

 ,   ,     -  Partisan Review.        ,        .     .    ,       [196 - Sontag Papers, August 24, 1987.].     ,       ,     [197 - Steve Wasserman quoted in Schreiber, Geist, 33.].

      .    , ,  ,   -     Partisan Review,    5000 [198 - Margalit Fox, Susan Sontag, Social Critic with Verve, Dies at 71. New York Times, December 28, 2004.].  ,         ,      (        ). -    , ,    Partisan Review[199 - Norman Birnbaum quoted in James Atlas, The Changing World of New York Intellectuals. The New York Times Magazine, August 25, 1985.].    ,       ,       ,   .

,   ,      ,     .       Partisan Review  ,    .    ,      .  ,    ,  ,  .



        ,        ,  -   ,   [200 - Zo? Heller, The Life of a Head Girl, Independent, September 20, 1992.].





 5.  


-   ,     -,  ,      .   ,   -,     ,             ,    ,       , ,       .      ,  ظ,  ,  ,  ,  ,     [201 - Sontag, Pilgrimage.].

     28  1949 ,            ,    .



    ,      (1550, --)  17:30  17:55  .      ,      .          .

     ,    ,    .     ,     ,  ,  .      ,    .       ( ,  ,    ).      ,      ,   . ,  ,   .

  :

   1914-         1934.

 



,     ,  

    ,        

 ,         -   ?[202 - Sontag Papers, December 28, 1949.]



  .      .      .   26   :  .          :      .   :           .   :  ,   [203 - Thomas Mann, Tageb?cher 19491950, ed. Inge Jens (Frankfurt am Main: S.Fischer Verlag, 1991), 143.].



        ,         .


   40 ,  1987-,      ,        ,      ,       .             ,           ,    .     ,      .      ,   1987          ,     ,         .

          ,   ,      ,    .   ,      642   ʸ          .     ,       :           ?       20    .      ,       .  ?  ,  .      ,          [204 - From an early draft of Pilgrimage, Sontag Papers.].

  ,       .        Pickwick Bookstore,  ,       , , ,     .                ,   ,  -.       ,          (--,  1550).     ,      .  ,            .

    , ,   ,    ,  .

          :  , ,      .        - :     (       ),      ,  -        ,      ,     .    -  .  ,          .

   ,   :    ,   ,   ,     .    -   ,    ,     ,        .        :         .            ,  .        ,    ,        ,         .

          ,    . ,            -,          ,      .         . ,           ,        :



,     ,     :   .   ?

    ? , , .

-,     . ,   :   .   , ,  ,        .    :   ? , ,  :    ?

  ?

   ,   ,   



,        ,    ,  .       ,   .     ,      1947-,      .       1949-,     .

                ;             ,   ,        . ,  ,     ,                 ,     ,      .

 -      ,   .   ,        ,   .           .    ,     ,          .      ظ .      ,  ,        ,      .      .     ,  .       , , - (    ).

     ,           .            , -      [205 - From an early draft of Pilgrimage, Sontag Papers.],            .    ,      ,    14 (  )  16  (  ),   ,   .

     ,      ,   ,   ,    ,  , , - .        .   ,      ,    ,        .      ,     .    ,    ,       .

      ,       .  ,           XVI,   ,         .       ,   .      1948 .      1947-,       ,   .  10 ,       ,      Pickwick Bookstore:      ,    .




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/bendzhamin-mozer/susan-sontag-zhenschina-kotoraya-izmenila-kulturu-xx-veka/)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


A.H.Giebler, News of Los Angeles and Vicinity: 8,000 Armenians in Selig Spectacle, The Moving Picture World 39, no. 4 (1919).




2


Sontag, I, etcetera (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1978), 23.




3


.  ,    Ad Marginem, 2013.




4


Ibid., 20.




5


Cynthia Ozick, On Discord and Desire, in The Din in the Head (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2006), 3.




6


    .




7


    .




8


.  .




9


    .




10


.  .




11


Ibid., 11.




12


Conor Skelding, Fearing Embarrassment, the FBI Advised Agents Against Interviewing Susan Sontag, Muckrock, June 13, 2014, https://www.muckrock.com/news/archives/2014/jun/13/susan-sontag-security-matter.




13


.  .




14


Sontag, The Benefactor: A Novel (New York: Farrar, Straus, 1963), 1.




15


Ibid., 246.




16


Sontag, The Benefactor: A Novel (New York: Farrar, Straus, 1963), 1, 70.




17


.     ,          Ad Marginem, 2014.




18


The World as India, in Sontag, At the Same Time: Essays and Speeches, eds. Paolo Dilonardo and Anne Jump (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2007).




19


Susan Sontag Papers (Collection 612). UCLA Library Special Collections, CharlesE. Young Research Library, UCLA.




20


Sontag Papers, August 13, [1960].




21


David Rieff, Swimming in a Sea of Death: A Sons Memoir (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2008), 62.




22


Sontag Papers, December 12, 1957.




23


.  .




24


  ,       .




25


Sontag Papers, December 9, 1961.




26


Sontag Papers, April 11, 1971.




27


Sontag to Peter Schneider, June 18, 1993, Sontag Papers.




28


    .




29


    .




30


    .         Paris,   ,  1926-, ,  ,     1931-,       -. (See U.S. Customs records, listed in note: 15.) The sign on the train reads: Stolpce-Warszawa-Poznan-[Zbaszyn?]-Berlin-Hannover-K?ln-Liege-Paris.




31


    .




32


Sontag Papers, week of Feb. 12, 1962.




33


    .




34


    .




35


Nora Ephron, Not Even a Critic Can Choose Her Audience. New York Post, September 23, 1967.




36


Sontag Papers.




37


    .




38


Sontag Papers.




39


.   ,   ,      ѻ / IRIS Foundation, 2016.




40


    .




41


Sontag Papers, early 1970s.




42


    .




43


Judith Cohen to Sontag, late 1970s, Sontag Papers.




44


  Ancestry.com     .         ,  ,     ,  1931.

       17.11.1923, ,          Empress of Asia 29.11.1923.           Julius Klugmans Sons, Inc.,  : 42 West Thirty-Eighth Street, New York City.

          Mei Hwa Fur Trading Corporation.       .     19.05.1924,    04.06.1924   President Madison.   : 950 Noe Avenue, New York.            SS Empress 09.07.1927.   : 330 Wadsworth Avenue, New York.      17.07.1928   President McKinley,  30.07.1928. : Continental Fur Corporation, 251 West Thirtieth Street, New York.       03.06.1931   Paris,   - 09.06.1931.  : 251 West Thirtieth Street.       President Coolidge 14.10.1933,    24.10.1933.  : 251 West Thirtieth Street.      .    - 18.10.1933   Monterey     23.10.1933.

   04.11.1933   Lurline    - 09.11.1933.   , , 14.02.1934,   - 15.10.   Monarch of Bermuda.      : 251 West Thirtieth Street.     - 20.06.1936.     03.01.1937   Oriente,   - 05.01.1937.  : 21 Wensley Drive, Great Neck, Long Island. 11.03.1938        California,   - 14.03.1938.     19.10.1938.       .




45


China screenplay, Sontag Papers.




46


Judith Cohen to Sontag, late 1970s, Sontag Papers.




47


Sontag, I, etcetera, 18.




48


    .




49


China screenplay, Sontag Papers; ibid.




50


    .




51


Sontag Papers, August 10, 1967.




52


Sontag to Mildred Sontag, July 4, 1956, Sontag Papers.




53


     .




54


    .




55


Sontag Papers, March 25, 1986.




56


Sontag Papers, March 25, 1987.




57


Sontag Papers, January 11, 1960.




58


    .




59


Sontag Papers, n.d.




60


Project for a Trip to China, in Sontag, I, etcetera, 23.




61


Sontag Papers, n.d.             .




62


Project for a Trip to China, in Sontag, I, etcetera, 24.




63


Sontag, Illness, 7.




64


Suzie Mackenzie, Finding Fact from Fiction, Guardian, May 27, 2000.




65


Project for a Trip to China, in Sontag, I, etcetera, 17.




66


Sontag Papers, n.d.              -, -, 6  1906.




67


Project for a Trip to China, in Sontag, I, etcetera, 5.




68


Ibid., 7.




69


Project for a Trip to China, in Sontag, I, etcetera, 5.




70


China screenplay, Sontag Papers.




71


Project for a Trip to China, in Sontag, I, etcetera, 24.




72


Sontag Papers, n.d.




73


Sontag Papers, n.d.




74


Rieff, Swimming, 174.




75


    .




76


    .




77


    .




78


       .




79


. ,   ,   ,      ѻ/IRIS Art Foundation, 2014.




80


Judith Cohen in Nancy Kates, dir., Regarding Susan Sontag, HBO, 2014.




81


    .




82


    .




83


. ,   , 29.08.1964.




84


       .




85


Sontag Papers.




86


    .




87


Sontag Papers.




88


Ibid.




89


. ,   , 09.08.1967.




90


Sontag Papers, n.d.




91


. ,   , 09.08.1967.




92


.  , 3  1962.   , 2013.




93


Janet Geringer Woititz, Adult Children of Alcoholics (Deerfield Beach, FL: Health Communications, 1983), 3.




94


Sontag Papers.




95


This discussion relies on Woititz, Adult Children of Alcoholics.




96


This discussion relies on Woititz, Adult Children of Alcoholics.




97


Sontag, Pilgrimage, The New Yorker, December 21, 1987.




98


Project for a Trip to China, in Sontag, I, etcetera, 7.




99


Ibid., 22.




100


    .




101


Sontag Papers.




102


    .




103


    .




104


. ,   , 10.08.1967.




105


Ibid., 213, August 9, 1967.




106


Ibid., 223, August 10, 1967.




107


    .




108


    .




109


Eva Kollisch in Kates, Regarding Susan Sontag.




110


. ,   , 10.08.1967.




111


Ibid., 223.




112


.  , 29.02.1960.   , 2013.   .




113


.  .




114


Ibid., 115,  1957.




115


.  , , 2008.




116


Sontag Papers, dated 1948.    ,      .




117


.  ,  1957.




118


David Rieff quoted in Daniel Schreiber, Susan Sontag: Geist und Glamour: Biographie (Berlin: Aufbau Verlag, 2010), 18.




119


Sontag Papers.




120


    .




121


Carolyn G.Heilbrun, Writing a Womans Life (New York: W.W.Norton, 1988), 21.  . 12  :  1984-     1970     ,          .     ,       ,  ,             .




122


Carl E.Rollyson and Lisa Olson Paddock, Susan Sontag: The Making of an Icon (New York: W.W.Norton, 2000), 152.




123


Michael Norman, Diana Trilling, a Cultural Critic and Member of a Select Intellectual Circle, Dies at 91, New York Times, October 25, 1996.




124


Wendy Perron, Susan Sontag on Writing, Art, Feminism, Life and Death, Soho Weekly News, December 1, 1977.




125


.  , , 2004.




126


    .




127


.  , , 2004.




128


.  ,  1957.




129


Quoted in Craig Seligman, Sontag & Kael: Opposites Attract Me (New York: Counterpoint, 2004), 16.




130


Rollyson and Paddock, Making of an Icon, 161.




131


    .




132


    .  ,   ,   ,   .        .




133


Sontag to Jonathan Safran Foer, May 27, 2003, Sontag Papers.




134


    . .  ,  1957.




135


Literature Is Freedom, in Sontag, At the Same Time, 207.




136


    .




137


Sontag Papers.




138


Ibid.




139


The Desert Sanatorium and Institute of Research: Tucson, Arizona, http://www.library.arizona.edu/exhibits/pams/pdfs/institute1.pdf/.




140


.  .




141


    .




142


    .




143


.  ,  1957.




144


Sontag Papers, March 25, 1987.




145


. ,   , 114115, 06.09.1965, .




146


Rieff, Swimming, 74.




147


Sontag, Death Kit (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1967), 260263.




148


Sontag, Pilgrimage.




149


. ,   , 114115, 06.09.1965, .




150


    .




151


Sontag Papers, not included in the published journals.




152


    .




153


Literature Is Freedom, in Sontag, At the Same Time, 207.




154


Ibid.




155


Greg Daugherty, The Last Adventure of Richard Halliburton, the Forgotten Hero of 1930s America, Smithsonian, March 25, 2014.




156


Homage to Halliburton, in Sontag, Where the Stress Falls: Essays (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2002), 255; Annie Leibovitz, A Photographers Life: 19902005 (New York: Random House, 2006).




157


Homage to Halliburton, in Sontag, Where the Stress Falls, 255.




158


Judith Cohen to Sontag, Sontag Papers.




159


Cactus Press, vol. I, no. VIII, May 6, 1945, Sontag Papers.




160


Sontag Papers, 1948.




161


    .




162


.  ,  1957.




163


Susan Rieff, Decisions, Sontag Papers.




164


.  .




165


    .




166


Ephron, Not Even a Critic Can Choose Her Audience.




167


.  .




168


Rief, Swimming, 88.




169


Sontag, Pilgrimage.




170


    .




171


Sontag, Pilgrimage.




172


    .




173


Sontag, Pilgrimage.




174


Sontag Papers, August 24, 1987.




175


.  , 12  1950.




176


    .




177


Sontag, Pilgrimage.




178


Rieff, Swimming, 142.




179


  / The Imagination of Disaster. .     .




180


Ibid., 225.




181


Ibid., 224.




182


Ibid., 217.




183


Sontag, Pilgrimage.




184


Ibid.




185


Ibid.




186


    .




187


Jack London, Martin Eden (New York: Macmillan, 1909).




188


Time to Get Up. May 17, 1948, Sontag Papers.




189


Rollyson and Paddock, Making of an Icon, 17.




190


    .




191


Viva la Slobbovia. The Arcade, April 16, 1948, Sontag Papers.




192


Perron, Susan Sontag on Writing.              ,          ,       .




193


Sontag Papers, March 7, 1947.




194


Sontag Papers, Notebook 5, March 7, 1947  May 6, 1947; Notebook 11, May 28, 1948  May 29, 1948.




195


Sontag Papers, October 18, 1948.




196


Sontag Papers, August 24, 1987.




197


Steve Wasserman quoted in Schreiber, Geist, 33.




198


Margalit Fox, Susan Sontag, Social Critic with Verve, Dies at 71. New York Times, December 28, 2004.




199


Norman Birnbaum quoted in James Atlas, The Changing World of New York Intellectuals. The New York Times Magazine, August 25, 1985.




200


Zo? Heller, The Life of a Head Girl, Independent, September 20, 1992.




201


Sontag, Pilgrimage.




202


Sontag Papers, December 28, 1949.




203


Thomas Mann, Tageb?cher 19491950, ed. Inge Jens (Frankfurt am Main: S.Fischer Verlag, 1991), 143.




204


From an early draft of Pilgrimage, Sontag Papers.




205


From an early draft of Pilgrimage, Sontag Papers.


