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Jeremy Waldron

The Rule of Law and the Measure of Property



 Jeremy Waldron 2012

This translation of The rule of law and the measure of property by Jeremy Waldron is published by arrangement with Cambridge University Press.

  , 2020







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1.       


       .   ,       ,      .

   ,    1992.       Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council (     )[1 - 505US1003 (1992).].       ,    ,          .       ,         ,    .  , ,    ,   ,       ,         .     Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council             [2 -         ,      Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council, 505 US1003 (1992),    ,         Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council, 404 SE2d 895 (1991).].

 1986.       975000            ,       ,       .       ,   ,      .       ,              1972. ,      1977.   ,    ,        , , ,                .     ,     .  1988.        ,     ,   ,    ,         ,   ,           .    ,           :          .

            .     ,        ,          .        ,  1992.        .        ,         850000        ,       . ( ,  ,   ,      .)[3 - .: William A.Fischel, A Photographic Update on Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council: A Photographic Essay, http://www.dartmouth.edu/~wfischel/lucasupdate.html.]


* * *

   ,         .  ,     Lucas            [4 - .,  : Hope Babcock, Has the US Supreme Court Finally Drained the Swamp of Takings Jurisprudence? The Impact of Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council on Wetlands and Coastal Barrier Beaches, Harvard Environmental Law Review 19 (1995), 1; James Sanderson and Ann Mesmer, A Review of Regulatory Takings after Lucas, Denver University Law Review 70 (1993), 497.]. ,    ,   ,   .      ,    ,           [5 -      ,   1       ,      . ,   ,        .].   -    ,          , -   ,     ,  ,       ,    . , ,        ,  ,     ,   ,      . ,      ,          ,    ,     ,  ,  ,       ,    ,      ,    ,                 .       .   ,    :             ?      ?    ,      ?          ,    ,             ?


* * *

        .   Lucas     , ,    ,     ,     ,    ,   [6 -   ,   Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council, 505 US1003 (1992), p.1009,              ,  ,                 ,          .]. , ,    Lucas       .        :



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* * *

               .      ,            .         .     :          ,     ,      ,    [7 - A.V.Dicey, Introduction to the Study of the Law of the Constitution (8th edn, 1915) (Indianapolis, IN: Liberty Classics, 1982), p.110.].  ,   ,          .    ,      ,    ,     ,                 .           ,                 .  ,   ,    ,   ,        .

              .  ,     ,     1885.[8 -   ,       ,   Stephens Commentaries on the Laws of England (21st ed., London: Butterworths, 1895), vol.3, p.337.]  ,   ,         .             1780.,[9 -  ,   ,  30   ,       ,  .]       (  )   III   2300 [10 - Aristotle, Politics, trans. T.A.Sinclair (Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1962), p.122 ff.; , , , , .4 (: , 1984), .467  .].       ;   , ,    ,       ,   ,    ,      ,       :  ,   ,     ,         ,           ,   (  )  ,      ,   ,    ⠫       ⠫       , , ,  ,      ,  [11 - .: Sir John Fortescue, On the Laws and Governance of England, ed. Shelley Lockwood (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), p.85 ff.; John Locke, Two Treatises of Government, ed. Peter Laslett (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988);  ,    ,  , . .3 (: , 1988); James Harrington, The Commonwealth of Oceana and a System of Politics, ed. J. G.A.Pocock (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992), p.9 ff.; Niccolo Machiavelli, Discourses on Livy, trans. Harvey Mansfield and Nathan Tarcov (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996), p.7376 9395 ( I,  34 45);  ,      .  (: , 2002), .8385 104106; Charles de Montesquieu, The Spirit of the Laws, ed. Anne Cohler, Basia Carolyn Miller, and Harold Samuel Stone (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989), p.156 ff.;   ,    (: , 1999), .106  ; Cesare Beccaria, On Crimes and Punishments and Other Writings, ed. Richard Bellamy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995);  ,     (:  , 2000); Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay, The Federalist Papers (New York: Signet Classics, 2003), p.297304 463470 (Numbers 47 and 78); .   ., . . (:   񻠖 , 1994), .323331 502510 ( 47 78); Ralph Ketcham (ed.), The Anti-Federalist Papers (New York: Signet Classics, 2003), p.256308; Dicey, Introduction to the Study of the Law of the Constitution; F.A.Hayek, The Constitution of Liberty (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1960); ..,   (:  , 2018); Michael Oakeshott, The Rule of Law (1983), in Michael Oakeshott, On History, and Other Essays (Indianapolis, IN: Liberty Fund, 1999), p.129; Joseph Raz, The Rule of Law and Its Virtue, in Joseph Raz, The Authority of Law (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1979), p.224; John Finnis, Natural Law and Natural Rights (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1980), p.270276;  ,      (: , , 2012), .336343; Lon Fuller, The Morality of Law (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1964);  ,   (: , 2007); Ronald Dworkin, Political Judges and the Rule of Law, in Ronald Dworkin, A Matter of Principle (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1985), p.9; John Rawls, A Theory of Justice (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1971), p.235243;  ,   (:   , 1995), .210217.].

   ,        ,              [12 - .: Jeremy Waldron, Is the Rule of Law an Essentially Contested Concept (inFlorida)?, Law and Philosophy 21 (2002), 137.].   ,   :       ;           ;       ,           .          ,      .       ,   ,   -      ,   ,            ,   [13 - Aristotle, Politics, p.144; , , c.482.].   ..        ,         ,  ,    ,  ,    [14 - F.A.Hayek, Law, Legislation and Liberty (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1973), p.72 ff; .., ,    (: , 2006), .91  .].

,        ,      .    Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council.   ,   , ,   ,     ,   ,     ,  ,          .   ,      ,        , ,     ,           ,           .              ,    ,          .    -      




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notes








1


505US1003 (1992).




2


        ,      Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council, 505 US1003 (1992),    ,         Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council, 404 SE2d 895 (1991).




3


.: William A.Fischel, A Photographic Update on Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council: A Photographic Essay, http://www.dartmouth.edu/~wfischel/lucasupdate.html.




4


.,  : Hope Babcock, Has the US Supreme Court Finally Drained the Swamp of Takings Jurisprudence? The Impact of Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council on Wetlands and Coastal Barrier Beaches, Harvard Environmental Law Review 19 (1995), 1; James Sanderson and Ann Mesmer, A Review of Regulatory Takings after Lucas, Denver University Law Review 70 (1993), 497.




5


     ,   1       ,      . ,   ,        .




6


  ,   Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council, 505 US1003 (1992), p.1009,              ,  ,                 ,          .




7


A.V.Dicey, Introduction to the Study of the Law of the Constitution (8th edn, 1915) (Indianapolis, IN: Liberty Classics, 1982), p.110.




8


  ,       ,   Stephens Commentaries on the Laws of England (21st ed., London: Butterworths, 1895), vol.3, p.337.




9


 ,   ,  30   ,       ,  .




10


Aristotle, Politics, trans. T.A.Sinclair (Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1962), p.122 ff.; , , , , .4 (: , 1984), .467  .




11


.: Sir John Fortescue, On the Laws and Governance of England, ed. Shelley Lockwood (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), p.85 ff.; John Locke, Two Treatises of Government, ed. Peter Laslett (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988);  ,    ,  , . .3 (: , 1988); James Harrington, The Commonwealth of Oceana and a System of Politics, ed. J. G.A.Pocock (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992), p.9 ff.; Niccolo Machiavelli, Discourses on Livy, trans. Harvey Mansfield and Nathan Tarcov (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996), p.7376 9395 ( I,  34 45);  ,      .  (: , 2002), .8385 104106; Charles de Montesquieu, The Spirit of the Laws, ed. Anne Cohler, Basia Carolyn Miller, and Harold Samuel Stone (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989), p.156 ff.;   ,    (: , 1999), .106  ; Cesare Beccaria, On Crimes and Punishments and Other Writings, ed. Richard Bellamy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995);  ,     (:  , 2000); Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay, The Federalist Papers (New York: Signet Classics, 2003), p.297304 463470 (Numbers 47 and 78); .   ., . . (:   񻠖 , 1994), .323331 502510 ( 47 78); Ralph Ketcham (ed.), The Anti-Federalist Papers (New York: Signet Classics, 2003), p.256308; Dicey, Introduction to the Study of the Law of the Constitution; F.A.Hayek, The Constitution of Liberty (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1960); ..,   (:  , 2018); Michael Oakeshott, The Rule of Law (1983), in Michael Oakeshott, On History, and Other Essays (Indianapolis, IN: Liberty Fund, 1999), p.129; Joseph Raz, The Rule of Law and Its Virtue, in Joseph Raz, The Authority of Law (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1979), p.224; John Finnis, Natural Law and Natural Rights (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1980), p.270276;  ,      (: , , 2012), .336343; Lon Fuller, The Morality of Law (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1964);  ,   (: , 2007); Ronald Dworkin, Political Judges and the Rule of Law, in Ronald Dworkin, A Matter of Principle (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1985), p.9; John Rawls, A Theory of Justice (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1971), p.235243;  ,   (:   , 1995), .210217.




12


.: Jeremy Waldron, Is the Rule of Law an Essentially Contested Concept (inFlorida)?, Law and Philosophy 21 (2002), 137.




13


Aristotle, Politics, p.144; , , c.482.




14


F.A.Hayek, Law, Legislation and Liberty (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1973), p.72 ff; .., ,    (: , 2006), .91  .


