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  .       ,   ,        .  ,      ,         :   , IoT, big data   .     ,      ,   ,              ,      .

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   C3 Inc. c/o Levine Greenberg Rostan Literary Agency



    



  .

                    .



Digital Transformation 2019 by Thomas M. Siebel This edition published by arrangement with Levine Greenberg Rostan Literary Agency and Synopsis Literary Agency.

Cover Regan McCamey and Jay McNair.

   ,    , .  ,  , 2021


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 1980,      -,       Illini Union Bookstore         The Microelectronics Revolution: The Complete Guide to the New Technology and Its Impact on Society[1 - Tom Forester. The Microelectronics Revolution: The Complete Guide to the New Technology and Its Impact on Society. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1981.].   The Social Framework of the Information Society   .

           .       .          ⠖  CDC Cyber, FORTRAN,     .   ,    .       ,         [2 - .   .   ..: Academia, 2004.],[3 - Daniel Bell. The Coming of Post-industrial Society. NewYork: Basic Books, 1973.].

   .  1960           ,  1962   [4 - Malcolm Waters. Daniel Bell. NewYork: Routledge, 1996. P. 15.].  1969   ,    .   14     ,     ,  :  .

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 ,        ,       .    ,  .      .          ,  ,          [9 - Bell. Coming of Post-industrial Society. P. 126127.].

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   ࠖ .    .  ,    ,   .     .   ,        ,   .        .     [15 - Bell. Coming of Post-industrial Society. P. 359.].

    ,      1900          1970.         ,         .  1900        50%,  1970    9,3%.      ,    , 17,6% 1900 46,7% 1970[16 - A.S. Duff. Daniel Bells Theory of the Information Society // Journal of Information Science, 1998. 24 (6). P. 379.].         c 7% 1860 51,3% 1980[17 - A. S. Duff. Daniel Bells Theory of the Information Society // Journal of Information Science, 1998. 24 (6). P. 383.].

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 ,      .  XIX    XX    頖  , ,   .    XX   ,    蠖  ,     .   ,        ,     [20 - Forester. Microelectronics Revolution. P. 513.].

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     1970,    ,  ,    ,  ,   ,       .      ,    :      -   , ,                       [22 - Forester. Microelectronics Revolution. P. 521.].     .

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 ,          .    . .   .    .                    ,       .      ,      ,    .       ,    -.  . .   .

   ,  ,      ,    . Ѡ1980        .  1980   IT   $50,  2018  $3,8[23 - Gartner Says Global IT Spending to Grow 3.2 Percent in 2019 // Gartner, October 17, 2018, https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2018-10-17-gartnersays-global-it-spending-to-grow-3-2-percent-in-2019 (https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2018-10-17-gartnersays-global-it-spending-to-grow-3-2-percent-in-2019).]. ,  2022   $4,5[24 - Larry Dignan. Global IT, Telecom Spending to Hit $4 Trillion, but Economic Concerns Loom // ZDnet, June 21, 2018, https://www.zdnet.com/article/global-ittelecom-spending-to-hit-4-trillion-but-economic-concerns-loom (https://www.zdnet.com/article/global-ittelecom-spending-to-hit-4-trillion-but-economic-concerns-loom).].

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   , ,  ,     [25 -     ,     ,      . .:https://quoteinvestigator.com/2014/01/12/historyrhymes (https://quoteinvestigator.com/2014/01/12/historyrhymes).].  ,       .  ,     ,     .  ,        IT,     .

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     [26 -  .  . .: , 2019.]        .     :          .            ,       .

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        .       ,        .          [27 -               . . . .].  ,  ,      ,    .         ,    .       :         ,     ,    -    [28 - Dinosaurs in Our Backyard, Smithsonian Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC.].                1859.       ,      .



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 [36 -         .         . . . .],  ,     ,      ,    .  ,    ,       ࠖ 16 ,  .  .    ,   .   ,    . ,         ,           [37 - Phil Plait. Poisoned Planet // Slate, July 28, 2014. https://slate.com/technology/2014/07/the-great-oxygenation-event-the-earths-first-mass-extinction.html (https://slate.com/technology/2014/07/the-great-oxygenation-event-the-earths-first-mass-extinction.html).].       ,     -.

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  ,         .           [38 - 50 Years of Moores Law. Intel, n. d., https://www.intel.sg/content/www/xa/en/silicon-innovations/moores-law-technology.html (https://www.intel.sg/content/www/xa/en/silicon-innovations/moores-law-technology.html).]      .       .

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   ,     ,   .     Nickelodeon  1905 (        ,    ).  50       .     20   ,  DVD      .  DVD     Blu-ray    .    ,      ,   Netflix, Hulu Amazon,            ,     [42 - Benjamin Hale. The History of the Hollywood Movie Industry // History Cooperative. 2014, http://historycooperative.org/the-history-of-the-hollywood-movieindustry (http://historycooperative.org/the-history-of-the-hollywood-movieindustry).].            ,     .

         .         ,           .     ?  ,          ,          .              ,            . ,   XX     ,       ,       [43 - America on the Move. National Museum of American History. Washington, DC.].    젖   ,    .   ?         ,        .       ,  Tesla,   ,   Uber Lyft,     ,  Waymo,    .         .

   ,       .      . Ѡ2000 52% ,    Fortune500,          .   , 40% ,  ,     .              ʻ: Lyft, Google, Zelle, Square, Airbnb, Amazon, Twilio, Shopify, Zappos, Axios  .

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 2.  


     :  , big data, IoT .      .              [44 - Tanguy Catlin etal. A Roadmap for a Digital Transformation. McKinsey. March 2017, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/financial-services/our-insights/aroadmap-for-a-digital-transformation (https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/financial-services/our-insights/aroadmap-for-a-digital-transformation).].            ,   [45 - Overview. Digital BCG, n. d., https://www.bcg.com/en-us/digital-bcg/overview.aspx (https://www.bcg.com/en-us/digital-bcg/overview.aspx).].

  ,   ,    .           .        ,        .            蠖       .

 ,                ,       .       Altimeter Group,           [46 - Brian Solis. The Six Stages of Digital Transformation Maturity // Altimeter Group and Cognizant. 2016, https://www.cognizant.com/whitepapers/the-six-stages-ofdigital-transformation-maturity.pdf (https://www.cognizant.com/whitepapers/the-six-stages-ofdigital-transformation-maturity.pdf).].      .

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 : 

  1980-   ,     .     ,           .     -   .

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    ,  ,      ,  ,         .        ,     .    ,    (  Apollo,   , ,   Autodesk)          .         .

      .    1989 1995     2,5%  ,    1995 2003    3,5%.   38%[47 - Frederick Harris etal. Impact of Computing on the World Economy: A Position Paper. University of Nevada, Reno. 2008, https://www.cse.unr.edu/~fredh/papers/conf/074-iocotweapp/paper.pdf (https://www.cse.unr.edu/~fredh/papers/conf/074-iocotweapp/paper.pdf).].     ,      [48 - Gil Press. A Very Short History of Digitization // Forbes. December 27, 2015, https://www.forbes.com/sites/gilpress/2015/12/27/a-very-short-history-of-digitization (https://www.forbes.com/sites/gilpress/2015/12/27/a-very-short-history-of-digitization).].


 : 

 1958,    ,       (ARPA),       (DARPA).     -          .  1962  ,  ARPA     (MIT),    ,       .    ARPANET.  1986    (   ,  NSFNET)          . NSFNET    ,  蠖  -.      HTTP, World Wide Web, - Mosaic, NSFNET     [49 - Tristan Fitzpatrick. A Brief History of the Internet // Science Node. February 9, 2017, https://sciencenode.org/feature/a-brief-history-of-the-internet-.php (https://sciencenode.org/feature/a-brief-history-of-the-internet-.php).].   .

   -,  Yahoo! Netscape,           ,  .   2000-    Web 2.0.    ,     -,  , ,  , Wikipedia, YouTube   .

      , , 蠖     .     ,      .             ,         .               (CRM).

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          ,   ,    .             .


  

     IT-.        ,  -     .        .  1990-  2000-  IT-    .    Virtual Close[50 - Larry Carter. Ciscos Virtual Close // Harvard Business Review. April 2001, https://hbr.org/2001/04/ciscos-virtual-close (https://hbr.org/2001/04/ciscos-virtual-close).] Cisco             .            .

          ,      .           .  ,   ,     .     - ,       堖  .    䠖    CRM- ,   :     ,        .

 ,    ,          .  ,     ,       .       ,           ,        .

   2016, 34%       [51 - Brian Solis. Who Owns Digital Transformation? According to a New Survey, Its Not the CIO // Forbes. October 17, 2016, https://www.forbes.com/sites/briansolis/2016/10/17/who-owns-digital-transformation-according-to-a-newsurvey-its-the-cmo/#55a7327667b5 (https://www.forbes.com/sites/briansolis/2016/10/17/who-owns-digital-transformation-according-to-a-newsurvey-its-the-cmo/#55a7327667b5).].  ,  ,   ,   ,         ,  CRM- ERP-.       .

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         .     .         . ,        ,             , Walmart   .

     ,   ,   ,   .            .

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  :    Walgreens CVS             .      :  2018       Amazon, Berkshire Hathaway JP Morgan.       .




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/pages/biblio_book/?art=63506473)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


Tom Forester. The Microelectronics Revolution: The Complete Guide to the New Technology and Its Impact on Society. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1981.




2


.   .   ..: Academia, 2004.




3


Daniel Bell. The Coming of Post-industrial Society. NewYork: Basic Books, 1973.




4


Malcolm Waters. Daniel Bell. NewYork: Routledge, 1996. P. 15.




5


Malcolm Waters. Daniel Bell. NewYork: Routledge, 1996. P. 15.




6


Forester. Microelectronics Revolution. P. 500.




7


Bell. Coming of Post-industrial Society. P. 126.




8


Bell. Coming of Post-industrial Society. P. 358359.




9


Bell. Coming of Post-industrial Society. P. 126127.




10


Waters. Daniel Bell. P. 109.




11


Bell. Coming of Post-industrial Society. P. 359.




12


Bell. Coming of Post-industrial Society. P. 127.




13


Bell. Coming of Post-industrial Society. P. 127.




14


Waters. Daniel Bell.




15


Bell. Coming of Post-industrial Society. P. 359.




16


A.S. Duff. Daniel Bells Theory of the Information Society // Journal of Information Science, 1998. 24 (6). P. 379.




17


A. S. Duff. Daniel Bells Theory of the Information Society // Journal of Information Science, 1998. 24 (6). P. 383.




18


Forester. Microelectronics Revolution. P. 505.




19


Forester. Microelectronics Revolution. P. 507.




20


Forester. Microelectronics Revolution. P. 513.




21


Forester. Microelectronics Revolution. P. 513514.




22


Forester. Microelectronics Revolution. P. 521.




23


Gartner Says Global IT Spending to Grow 3.2 Percent in 2019 // Gartner, October 17, 2018, https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2018-10-17-gartnersays-global-it-spending-to-grow-3-2-percent-in-2019 (https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2018-10-17-gartnersays-global-it-spending-to-grow-3-2-percent-in-2019).




24


Larry Dignan. Global IT, Telecom Spending to Hit $4 Trillion, but Economic Concerns Loom // ZDnet, June 21, 2018, https://www.zdnet.com/article/global-ittelecom-spending-to-hit-4-trillion-but-economic-concerns-loom (https://www.zdnet.com/article/global-ittelecom-spending-to-hit-4-trillion-but-economic-concerns-loom).




25


    ,     ,      . .:https://quoteinvestigator.com/2014/01/12/historyrhymes (https://quoteinvestigator.com/2014/01/12/historyrhymes).




26


 .  . .: , 2019.




27


              . . . .




28


Dinosaurs in Our Backyard, Smithsonian Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC.




29


Jeffrey Bennet, Seth Shostak. Life in the Universe, 2nd ed. San Francisco: Pearson Education, 2007.




30


Stephen Jay Gould. Punctuated Equilibrium. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2007.




31


Stephen Jay Gould, Niles Eldredge. Punctuated Equilibrium Comes of Age // Nature 366. November 18, 1993. P. 223227.




32


NASA, The Great Dying // Science Mission Directorate. January 28, 2002. https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2002/28jan_extinction (https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2002/28jan_extinction).




33


 . Sapiens.   . .: , 2017.




34


Lynn Margulis, Dorion Sagan. The Oxygen Holocaust, in Microcosmos: Four Billion Years of Microbial Evolution. California: University of California Press, 1986. . 99.




35


Bennet, Shostak. Life in the Universe.




36


        .         . . . .




37


Phil Plait. Poisoned Planet // Slate, July 28, 2014. https://slate.com/technology/2014/07/the-great-oxygenation-event-the-earths-first-mass-extinction.html (https://slate.com/technology/2014/07/the-great-oxygenation-event-the-earths-first-mass-extinction.html).




38


50 Years of Moores Law. Intel, n. d., https://www.intel.sg/content/www/xa/en/silicon-innovations/moores-law-technology.html (https://www.intel.sg/content/www/xa/en/silicon-innovations/moores-law-technology.html).




39


. Sapiens.




40


Timeline. Telecommunications History Group. 2017, http://www.telcomhistory.org/timeline.shtml (http://www.telcomhistory.org/timeline.shtml).




41


Smartphone Users Worldwide from 20142020. Statista. 2017, https://www.statista.com/statistics/330695/number-of-smartphone-users-worldwide (https://www.statista.com/statistics/330695/number-of-smartphone-users-worldwide).




42


Benjamin Hale. The History of the Hollywood Movie Industry // History Cooperative. 2014, http://historycooperative.org/the-history-of-the-hollywood-movieindustry (http://historycooperative.org/the-history-of-the-hollywood-movieindustry).




43


America on the Move. National Museum of American History. Washington, DC.




44


Tanguy Catlin etal. A Roadmap for a Digital Transformation. McKinsey. March 2017, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/financial-services/our-insights/aroadmap-for-a-digital-transformation (https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/financial-services/our-insights/aroadmap-for-a-digital-transformation).




45


Overview. Digital BCG, n. d., https://www.bcg.com/en-us/digital-bcg/overview.aspx (https://www.bcg.com/en-us/digital-bcg/overview.aspx).




46


Brian Solis. The Six Stages of Digital Transformation Maturity // Altimeter Group and Cognizant. 2016, https://www.cognizant.com/whitepapers/the-six-stages-ofdigital-transformation-maturity.pdf (https://www.cognizant.com/whitepapers/the-six-stages-ofdigital-transformation-maturity.pdf).




47


Frederick Harris etal. Impact of Computing on the World Economy: A Position Paper. University of Nevada, Reno. 2008, https://www.cse.unr.edu/~fredh/papers/conf/074-iocotweapp/paper.pdf (https://www.cse.unr.edu/~fredh/papers/conf/074-iocotweapp/paper.pdf).




48


Gil Press. A Very Short History of Digitization // Forbes. December 27, 2015, https://www.forbes.com/sites/gilpress/2015/12/27/a-very-short-history-of-digitization (https://www.forbes.com/sites/gilpress/2015/12/27/a-very-short-history-of-digitization).




49


Tristan Fitzpatrick. A Brief History of the Internet // Science Node. February 9, 2017, https://sciencenode.org/feature/a-brief-history-of-the-internet-.php (https://sciencenode.org/feature/a-brief-history-of-the-internet-.php).




50


Larry Carter. Ciscos Virtual Close // Harvard Business Review. April 2001, https://hbr.org/2001/04/ciscos-virtual-close (https://hbr.org/2001/04/ciscos-virtual-close).




51


Brian Solis. Who Owns Digital Transformation? According to a New Survey, Its Not the CIO // Forbes. October 17, 2016, https://www.forbes.com/sites/briansolis/2016/10/17/who-owns-digital-transformation-according-to-a-newsurvey-its-the-cmo/#55a7327667b5 (https://www.forbes.com/sites/briansolis/2016/10/17/who-owns-digital-transformation-according-to-a-newsurvey-its-the-cmo/#55a7327667b5).


