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ISBN978-5-0053-1279-2

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1.The United Kingdom ofGreat Britain and Northern Ireland


The United Kingdom ofGreat Britain and Northern Ireland is situated    called the British Isles. The larger   ,  consists of : ,  . ⠖  and there are about   small islands.

The countrys shores are washed by ,    .   separates  .

The total area of  is 244.00square kilometers  56 .    populated  . The average density of is  high:  220 per square kilometer. The greater    urban.  80   innumerous   . More then 7   . Very often the inhabitants ofThe United Kingdom and Northern Ireland are called .

The surface ofthe British Isles varies very much.     ,   high. Ben Nevis inScotland is   . The northern   is mountainous and is called the Highlands. Scotland is also  for its  ,  are called Lochs.

   ,   . The Thames is the deepest, the longest    .

The climate of is mild.     . The average    5C above zero.     inthe year. The summers are  .     .      foggy.   the rainiest  .




2.The UnionJack


This is the popular  given tothe  .   it is called the Union Flag and it is amixtureofseveral .

It all began in1606  was joined . The Scottish flag, St Andrews Cross,    from corner tocorner, was joined to , St Georges Cross,   . The flag ofSt George can still be seen  .

, 1801,  Ireland   the Union, as it was called, the Irish Flag ofSt Patricks Cross  added,     .

Inthis way    the Union Flag, which ,  .  James  (15661622) ordered that the Union Flag should be flown on the  mast ofall  , except on ships ofwar. Here the flag was flown at the front ofthe ships, on what was called the bowsprit.  ofthe bowsprit   the Jack Star     ofUnion Jack. Ajack, bythe way, is    . The Union Jack     .




3.The British Parliament


The British  is the oldest inthe world. It originated inthe 12th century as Witenagemot, the body ofwise councellers whom the King needed toconsult pursuing his policy. The British  consists ofthe House ofLords and the House ofCommons and the Queen as its head. The House ofCommons 




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