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notes








1


 ,       7% Ⅰ Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Meri-kangas, K. R., & Walters, E. E. (2005, June). Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62(6), 593602. See also: Kessler, R. C., et al. (1995, December). Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey. Archives of General Psychiatry, 52(12), 10481060.




2


 ໠       .    2005           ,   80%  . . .




3


 40%  酠 Franey, K., Geffner, R., & Falconer, R. (Eds.). (2001). The Cost of Maltreatment: Who Pays? We All Do (pp. 1537). San Diego, CA: Family Violence and Sexual Assault Institute. See also: Anda, R. F., Felitti, V. J., Bremner J. D., Walker, J. D., Whitfield, C. H., Perry, B. D., Dube, S. R., & Giles, W. H. (2006, April). Teh enduring efef cts of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood: A convergence of evidence from neurobiology and epidemiology. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 256(3), 174186. Epub 2005, November 29.




4


872 000    . http://www.acf. hhs.gov/programs/cb/ pubs/cm04/index.htm.




5


 1  8   17 򅠖 Finkelhor, D., Ormrod, R., Turner, H., & Hamby, S. L. (2005, February). Teh victimization of children and youth: A comprehensive, national survey. Child Maltreatment, 10(1), 525.




6


 27%   16%  ... Finkelhor, D., Hotaling, G., Lewis, I. A., & Smith, C. (1990). Sexual abuse in a national survey of adult men and women: Prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors. Child Abuse & Neglect, 14, 1928.




7


6%   3% . A statistical portrait of fathers and mothers in America. (2002). (p. 24). Washington, D.C.: ChildTrends. Survey results from 1995 Gallup Survey on Disciplining Children in America.




8


 10     Strauss, M. A. (1991). Children as witnesses to marital violence: A risk factor for lifelong problems among a nationally representative sample of American men and women. [Paper presented at the Ross Roundtable on Children and Violence.] Washington, D.C.




9


4%    15   Strauss, M. A. (1991). Ibid.




10


 800 000     酠 Child Welfare League of America. (2005, June 5). Statement of the Child Welfare League of America for House Subcommittee on Human Resources of the Committee on Ways and Means for the hearing on federal foster care financing. http://www.cwla.org/advocacy/fostercare050609.htm.




11


 8        ,    . Perry, B. D. & Pollard, R. (1998, January). Homeostasis, Stress, Trauma and Adaptation. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, (7)1, 3351.




12


    ,   . Perry, B. D. & Azad, I. (1999, Aug). Posttraumatic stress disorders in children and adolescents. Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 11(4), 310316.




13


     (*)     . . .




14


 86 000 000 000  ( )... von Bartheld, C. S., Bahney, J. and Herculano-Houzel, S. (2016), Teh search for true numbers of neurons and glial cells in the human brain: A review of 150 years of cell counting. J. Comp. Neurol., 524: 38653895.




15


     . Perry, B. D., Stolk, J. M., Vantini, G., Guchhait, R. B., & UPrichard, D. C. (1983). Strain difef rences in rat brain epinephrine synthesis and alpha-adrenergic receptor number: Apparent in vivo regulation of brain alphaadrenergic receptors by epinephrine. Science, 221, 12971299.




16


          . Reviewed in Levine, S. (2005, November). Developmental determinants of sensitivity and resistance to stress. Psy-choneuroendocrinology, 30(10), 939946. See also generally: Terr, L. (1990). Too scared to cry: How trauma afef cts children and ultimately, us all. New York: Basic Books.


