   . V. ,      . 1681-1701
  


    13   .    1681 .   ,    .      ,    :        ,      (thou  you),     ,     (Wednesday),             (Wodan).     ,          .     20   ,              , , -.





.. 

   . V. ,      . 16811701








 1776 .,     4 ,   ,  13                       .          :      united    .       , , -,            .

            :   , , ,  .         ,  ,          .

   (17  1920  7  2012),   -,    ,      ,  1978 .    ,                .       ,   . .    ,      ,    .

    ,     ,    ,      ,      ,     .


* * *

         16     .

    ,     ,      - :

1)  (1607).

2)   (1620); 1692   .        .

3) -.        1624 .     .  1664 .        -.

4)  (1628).

5)  (1634).

6)  (1637).

7) .        1638 .     .  1655 .          .  1664 .        ,  1682 .  ,  1701        ,     .      13  ,        ,     ,    1776 .  .

8) - (1638),  1679 .   ,  1692 .  .

9) - (1638),  1662 .  .

10)  (1639).           ,    , -,    I.         .  1652 .         .    II       1664 .       .  1680 .   , . .     ,   16921820 .   ,       ,  ,  .  ,            1776 .,      :        1820 .

11) - (1640).

12)  (1663)   1670 .     ;       .

13) - (1664),  16771702 .      [-]   [-].

14)  (1682).

15)  1711 .          .

16)  (1733).

       , 16431686,    , 16861689.


* * *

..     :

 . .    . ,  . 16061642. .: , 1978.

 . .    . , . 16301642. .: , 1980.

 . .    .        16421660. .: , 1989.

 . .    .  . 16031683. .: , 1993.



    ,     , . .    .    -   ,    ,     -    ,      ,   ,    -     .  ,     , . .                  .

   4-    ,  :  ,   [1 -           .       ,       1523 .    XVI .;     (Smyth)  1608 .,      1638 .,            1830- .]   -.    . . ,          :

          (16421660 .)     ,       ,              -   .                 ,        ,           16201642 .         -,         .      .  ,          16421660 .,      ,      ,    ⅻ[2 -  . .    .  . 1603 1683. .: , 1993. . 34.]

 -    ,       .  ,  . .   , , , .

 :          -         16421660    ?

     . .  /              .


* * *

          .  ,          ,       :  ,    .           ,       .           (   , ),     .        ,           .       ,  -     ,      ,        .  ,        ,      .  1776 .            ,        ,              ,       .         17871789 .  .          ,        .             ,         ,         ,          (   )     .        :           .         ,           ,            .  1865 .      ,     ,    .

  ,   ( ) ,      ,     ( )   (, )           .         ,      , , ,   ,             ,  ,          ,    .          :    ,         ,       ;  ,       ,   ,   ,    .          .         ,       ! Ƹ                          XVII .    . ,  1776 . - .     ,     ,   1690- .       .                 1830- .           .      , ,    ,   ,  .   1780 .       .      1787 .        . 2-              ,        6-      .          ,  -       . ,   ,            ,    ,       XX .,              [3 -  (  )     : Bensel R. F. Sectionalism and American political development, 18801980. Madison (Wisc.), 1984.].

 ,     ,      ,   .  ,        ,    ,         .    1630- .  ,            ,     .        ,    .  I, ,        ,    . ,         ,  ,          .      ,  ,     I              -,         .          .      -,     510 .  ,     ,   ,     ,           (    24.04.1649).  ,           ,              .          - (16541655). -        ,   ,   ,      ( 1658 .).   -        .    .    ,   . ,        ,       ,    .     ,              .         ,         ,    ,           II        .                ,  1715 .   .      , ,      ,          XVIII .    (   , ,  ).    ,    ,     -  -          . ,        ,       ,                (17771781):    13      ,             .       , ,        ;                     ,      .  1810 .        ,     .        ,      ,       ,   .             .            ,          ,   .      ,       .   ,  !,    1861 .,     ,    ,      :     ,  !      ,  !        ,       1939 .     ,  !    !   /           ,        .

 -,   1776 .        (3200 . ),       .       .     ,       ,       - .    ,      1640 .,   .   -       ,      1689 .   1689 .    ,    ,            ,        .     ,     ,          ,        ,     ,       .  -  1640 .    ,   .   -   ,     ,         .  ,       1657 .,         .     .  1658 .     ,         .        ,      : 1690 .    -   .     ,     ,      ,            ,       .  1644 . -       .   16751676 .,          ,          -,          .        [4 -   ,  -     , ,   -           : Lovejoy D. S. Phode Island politics and the American revolution 17601776. Providence, 1958.]. ,  -     .          -             1787 . .           -        , -   29.05.1790.       ,   ,      32 ,    34,     ,     .          -     ,     II  1663 .,    .         ,    1840- .     1,7 % .         . ,  1842 .         .      1843 . -   13      .   ,   -    XVII .   ,      , , ,      [5 -    ,             : . .: Brockunier S. H. The Irrepressible Democrat. Roger Williams. New York, 1940.               ,     ,  - ,        ,       - ,  ,  .].      ,    ,    -    .    : Ducunt volentem fata, nolent emtrahunt    ,  ,   ,       -    ;         ,     ;     ,    ,   .  -      ,     .

     16421660      -    .       ,         ,        : .


* * *

    XVII .      ,        (, 1606 .),     ( , 1621 .).     (,   )    .         ,    1664 .  .        ,          .      ,   : ,      .     ,   .

  ,          ,        .    ,  ,    .        ,         :     -    15601712 .     .

    XVII .  ()                   :     .

 ,       -  .       ,         - -.      .        -     ,  .

   (1664)         -,     ( )   .     -,          (  )            (  )    .

                      ,        .     ,     -     .  1681 .      (  )         ,      .

 ,         .

  ,     :          ,   .   ,   ,    .

-  , ,    -     ,    ,         ,   : , , ,    .           ,     .

        .          ,      .

     ,    ,   :  ,  ,   1708 . .

    ,       ,        .      , ,      .       .

           ,       .

        .

   ,  ,                  .

        .         , ,    ,    .         .              (   ).

     ,    ,     .        ,  :      (   )      .

            .

   ,           ,       :  .

         ,       ,   ,  ,                  .      ,    ,            .            ,     .       .

       ,      .               ,    ,      .   ,  ,           .    ,     ,  ,          ?         .


* * *

       ,       ()        .        .   ,      1582 .     XIII (       ).      .        XVIII .,      .

            -컠 Old-New Style.   ,   1752 .          1 ,  25 .  25    ,     25    24    컠 Lenten Year.   ,  1   24   ,    ,      ,    .      1752 .         ,            25   31  (     ),      1   24   .        .

     (    )   ,   ,    XVII .  ,   .     ,   ,    ,                 .

            .       ?    : ,     , -  -,         .      -   , -       .

         ,      .     01.05.1707 .       ,   1603 .   (      ),    ,    :       .   ,          ,     ,             .  ,                 :   I        ,          (16371640).    I     ,            (1649),      II   ,                 (16501652).     ,        16881689        ,      1707 .

          ,     ,  ,     ,     ,   1707 .  ,       ,   . .             ,    1707 .       .

      16811701 .          ,   ,    .          1701 .       1776 .     ,           .   ,             ,          .       [6 -  . .    //   . 2014. 1. . 212230.],            .        .




 1

:         



            XVII .

           ,            :      .

              XVII .

    ,  ,      ,           ,         .



   ,  ,     VIII:       1534 .     (),      [7 -   ,        ,     .]    .  1554 .      ,   1559 .  I  ,       .

        ,      .       .       (     )              ,  ,    (. 28: 19)       ,                -    .        ,       ( ),    .        ,           .       .   ,      ,    (. 4: 2).      ,   ,               .  , ,     ,       (1- . 1: 16).            .

        (),   ,     1520- .        ,          .    :      ,   ,   ,       ,       .

      1549 .,     (Faversham)     (Bocking)     ,       [8 - Braithwaite W. C. The Beginnings of Quakerism. London, 1912. P. 45.].

          ,     ,      .        39   I (1563)    ,    -   ,  ,  .  ,    ,     .          ,   .          ,       [9 -   ,          ,        . , ,  ,          ,        .           ,         (    )     :        (, ),  ( / ).         , ,    ,    .],            ,       .         -     ,   - ,   ,  ,     ,    XVI .      .

  ,     ,      1560 .,          ,   ,   ,     .         .         :        .

            (Puritans),   1572 . 20              (Wandsworth),   ,      .        ,      , , , , , , ,    .  1582 .            .  ,       ,      .      .

         .  ,         ,           .        .       (Browne Robert, . 1550  1633),   1581 .      ,  1582 .,     ,       ,           .   , ,   .  1592 .   ,          -.           .       ( ),    : 1620 .           -. ,          : ,  ( ), , [10 -      .          ,    .         XVII .:     ,  , ,     ;      .    ,     ,                  16421649 .].



  ,   .      ,          .        ,      .         ,    ,          ,    .             ,         .

   I    . ,     ,    .  ,     1637 .   ,   I    1640 . ( ),      .  1642 .          ,         .     ,             1646 .   .

           ,    ,   .

   .         ,   ( , )  ,  ,      .

          23  1644 .       .  ,     ,        .              ,      ,   ,        .         1645 .   ,    ,  :  ,       .    :  ,        .   .        ,     ,      [11 -  . .     . ., 2000. . 375.].     ,        .        14  1646 .              ,             .

  , 24  1646 .,              .  ,         .         ,    .

,   1647 .        .         : ,     .    ,     ,    ,     .  ,     ,      XIX .,     ,       .       :          XVII,    XIX ., ,  ,    .

  I      1647 .     .         , ,   (   1648 .). ,  ,        .   ,   ,     6  1648 .      ,          50 .    (Rump).

    I   (30  1649 .),  19  1649 .    .    .       ,     ,  ,      II     1649 .  .        1651 .,      .   1649   1650 .       (),   ,           ,         .                       .       ,           .

  ,    ,     ,    20  1653 .            ,      .        140   ,   .    4   12 ,       .

  ,     1653 .,           .       -,     ;      .       ( 1653 .)     .       ( 1657 .)     .     3  1658 .       ,       .                  (25  1659 .).         (13  1659 .)     ,      .   ,             ,        .     1660             .             II. 1 1660 .  -   II  .

    , ,      1650- ., ,             -           ,       ,    :   1553 1558 .,   16421647 .,  ()  16481653 .,         1653 .      -      .  ,            ,      .



,           , ,      1614 .   [12 - Endy M. B. William Penn and Early Quakerism. Princeton, 1973. P. 3153.].  ,       1646 .,  199 .     ,          .     ,        ,     .

  ,    1640 .     I  ,         ()            .   I        (16411647 .),     .            I,    ,        .  ,   ,          (     I,    )  .     , ,       ,   .

-   ,            .       .                ,             ,         .

      1670-  1680- .   ,  [13 -    :  . .        XVII . //      XVIXX . [ :  1988] / . . . . . , 1998. . 6271.,   , ,  -   .   :Drake T. Quakers and slavery in America. New Haven; London, 1950.Endy M. B. William Penn and early Quakerism. Princeton (New Jersey), 1973.Jones R. M. The quakers in the American colonies. London, 1923 (     ).       13-   . -   ,     .  1892 . . .          XVIIIXIX .,     (Post-scriptum  ) ( . .    11 . . 9. ., 1958. . 313321).             ,      ,       ,        .        , ,    , :           .    ,    :      ,      . ,      ( ),   ,   .         -   (Woolman John, 17201772):  . .    / . . . . . ., 1995.       ,  ,           ,          ,         .]  [14 -        ,       .      sect     :          ,  - ,      .           ,     ( 1917),          .        :  ,  ໠   .      ,      :   , , ,    ,    .           ,      ,      XVII .  ,      ,        .],   ,    :  1640- .,    .

        .  -     .        1648 .,    1652            ,    .

      (Fox, George, 16241691).     1624 .  (Drayton-in-the-Clay),  ,       .           .     (Lago)    ,    15531558 .       .      .   ,         11 .   ,        :      ,    ,       :     [15 - . . 5: 37.].    ,           .      ,       .

   , 9  1643 .,       ,     ,         ,  ,       ,     .      .  ,       , ,  ,        ,    .       4   .      :       .         ,          ,  .       ,    ,    ?      ,    :  ,        ;     ,   ,          [16 - Braithwaite W. C. The Beginnings of Quakerism. P. 3031.].      .   1647 .     ,    ,      ,  . ,     ,    (openings).

 1646 .            ,   .       ,      ,         ,  ,     , ,    ,  :  ,     ,         (There is one, even Jesus Christ, that can speak to the condition).     ,      (leap for joy)[17 - Journal of George Fox: being an historical account of the Life, Travels, Sufferings, Christian experiences, and labour of love, in the work of the ministry, of that eminent and faithful servant of Jesus Christ, who departed this life, in great peace with the Lord, the 13


of the 11


month (old style), 1690. London, 1891. Vols III. Vol. I. P. 8. (: Fox, Journal I).],     ,    .     ,     ,                 (indwelling)   .                .  ,          [18 - Fox, Journal I. P. 11.].

     ? ,           ,       .  ,   ,    , ,  ,    ,   ,         .   ,     -   ,    .          :   ,     . ,       ,            ,         .          .       ,           ,    ,           .

 1647 .            .        ,     ,  -    [19 - Braithwaite W. C. The Beginnings of Quakerism. P. 43.].

 1648 .     .     ,   .               (the guide)   [20 - Fox, Journal I. P. 27.].  ,            ,          .            (Children of the Light)[21 -  ,    ,     .               ()   .]   (Friends).

                 [22 -  :      .].       ,                   (Jones, Rice,  Johns, Rhys).       .       .              (03.09.1651).              :      ,    ,     .   ,     ,         ,         .   ,    :    . ,         ,       (Proud Quakers).          ,      (Castle Yard).          ,     :       ,    ,      ,       [23 - Braithwaite W. C. The Beginnings of Quakerism. P. 4547.].

  1648    1649 .   ,     ,           .  ,            ,     [24 - Fox, Journal I. P. 35.].



 ,        [25 -     1640- .,     (    )    .   ,              (  1643 .)    ,     .            ( ),     ,    :    ,    .     ,      (20.04.1653),         .    1660 .         ,         .] - .          ,       .          (Fifth Monarchy Men);  (Muggletonians);  (Ranters);  (Familists); ,   (Seekers)[26 - , ,        , ,           .     .].


)  (Muggletonians)[27 - Lamont W. Last Witnesses: the Muggletonian history 16521979. Ashgate, 2006.]

    ,     ,    ,    , :     ,        ,     (. 11: 3).          :    ,        (   ,    (. 11: 6)).  ,      ,          ;     ,     (. 11: 5);       ,      ,    (. 11: 7);          ,   -,    ;         ,   ,    ,   . :          ,   7 .  (. 11: 13).

 1636 .        -.  ,   ,      .         1642 .

      1652      ,        ,  .     .    .

 16521658 .     (Reeve  Reeves, 1608 1658)    (The Prophet of God).       Reeveonians.         .  ,     ,     ,  ,   .      ,     ,       .        .

    ,            (Familists)     (Behmenists).  ,         (   ):   .   .    . , ,       .

     ,       :       ,          ,       ;     ;      .

          (   1653 .),       .

  1653 .        (Muggleton, Lodowick, 16091698)       Old Bridewell     (blasphemy).     ,   (Goffin),     ;     .       6 . .

 1654 .        ,         .    .

 1658 .            .

 16581698 .      .    ,     .  ,  ,    ,               ,     (,    ).       ,        .

 1660 .       (Ranters),     ,     .  1671 .         (Buchanan, Walter)    (Medgate, William)    .  1676 .            500 . .       .               .           .

    :      1950- .


b) 

 (Ranters, . , ,       ;        Raunters)   .   ,     ;         [28 - Davis J. C. Fear, Myth and History: the Ranters and the Historians. Cambridge, 2010.].      (alehouses),          .   .        (Brethren of the Free Spirit)   XIV .:   ,    ,         .  ,            (indwelling Spirit),      .      ,      : ,    ,    ,  ,    , :      , ,   (      ,   ).      ,        .        .        .    :        ,      .

      16491654 .,      16501651 .      ,   ,      .      ,           :       .

          1650 .     (Adultery Act, 10 )     (Blasphemy Act, 9 ).   1651 .   Moor Lane    ,     .  1652 .      ,                 .  1660 .    ,    .   ,   1660 .  ,      ,  .

 ,      ,    high attainers   ,  high professors.       ,  .           (-     to cavort).    ,        .

 1652 .              ,     . ,     .      .

   16501652 .        (Robin),         ,        .           ,        (Claxson / Clarkson, Laurence, 16151667).  1650 .        ,   (A Single Eye All Light, no Darkness).   1650 .      ,    .  1658 .          1660 .      (The Lost Sheep found).

      (Coppe, Abiezer, 1619 1672)    1640- .    ,       1649 .      ,     1651 .

  -    (Salmon, Joseph)    (Bauthumley, Jacob)[29 - Hill Ch. The World Turned Upside Down. Radical Ideas During the English Revolution. London, 1975. P. 197210.].


) 

 (Familists)     (-)    (das Haus der Liebe),  . 1540 . Ÿ         (Niclaes, Hendrik, . 1502  1580)     ,          .          ,        . , ,       ,     ,   ;        .          :  ,      ,       (    . ).   ,   ,  ,    ,     .         ;    ,         .      ,      .        .    ,     ,          ,         ,         ,  ,  , .        (, , )      ,        .     ,        - .   ,    (          ),      . ,   ,     ,      -: ,      [30 - Konnert M. The Family of Love and the Church of England // Renaissance and Reform / Renaissance et Rforme. 1991. Vol. 15. No. 2. P. 139172.].

     ( 1555 .)       (Vittels, Christopher),       .              .     ,       I      (1580).           ,   ,   1610 . ,  ,   (Grindleton Familists),    1660- .  1645 .    (Pordage, James),   ,   (curate)   (Reading).  1647 .    ,         (Bradfield).    1654 .    .  1660 .       ,   1662 .   ,    [31 - Penrhys-Evans N. A. The Family of Love in England. 15501650. Canterbury, 1971.].

,             ,    .   ,   1660 .        .       XVIII .  .   ,       .


d)    (Behmenists)

       :   ,      ,    .       ,          ,      ,    : 1645 .     .      ,    (1619 1659)   ,  ;   (Sterry)     ;  ,   .       (Lead(e), Jane, 16231704)       (Philadelphian Society)       .  , ,       ,    . 3: 7.            16971703 .[32 - Thune N. The Behmenists and the Philadelphians: A Contribution to the Study of English Mysticism in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries. Uppsala, 1948.]


e)    (Fifth Monarchy Men)

        ,   , ,    ,      ,       .             ,      (           (. 2: 44)).        .       ,     ,   ,            ( ,   )[33 - Hill Ch. The World Turned Upside Down. P. 151, 161167, 354358.].              (Archer, Henry. The Personal Reign of Christ on Earth. 1642):          1650 .,           1700 .   I,         ,      ,      .       1649 .  .          ( ,   ).          ,     .       (Feake, Christopher, 16121683?),   1649 .  -׸;   (Rogers, John, 16271665?)  ,       1652 .;   (Canne, John, 1590?1667?),         ;   (Simpson, John, . 1662)    (Powell, Vavasor, 16171670).             ,         .                 (16101660)      .        1653 . -   .        ,    ,         .       ,  .

     (Venner, Thomas, 1608?1661),     ,     16371651 .  ( ),           .  16561657 .     ,        .     , 14  1661 .,    50      ,       .   , 19  1661 .,    .


f) 

 (Seekers, . )    ,      .     ,   (Legate / Legatt)  ,       1590-  1612 .     ,     ,         ().  ,        ,        ,      . -,    :       (Legatine Arians).   ,     ,        (Wrightman)  1612 .      ;  ,          .      ,     ,      .       :   ,   -     .        (Waiters).        (Saltmarsh, . 1647)     (The Smoke in the Temple, 1646).         (Erbery  Erbury, 16041654),          ,   16471648 .      ;       [34 - Hill Ch. The World Turned Upside Down. P. 184197.].     ,   ,        .




    (16501656)


30 1650 . ,   ,                  ,   .           9  1650 .,      ,    .

  ,       .   ,          (Bennett, Gervase)   ,    ,      []     (was the first who call edus Quakers, because I bade them tremble at the word of the Lord)[35 - Authobiography of George Fox.        ,       , ,  (quaked), ,  (trembled).].

       ,     1651 .        , 1652 .    .       ,   ,       ,  ,     .      :    !       .        ,         1000 ,  ,          [36 - Braithwaite W.Ch. The Beginnings of Quakerism. P. 56.].

  1652 .,         -       ,        (       Pendle Hill Experience).      ,          .             .

 1652 .      ,    ,      [37 - Ibid. P. 98110.].

 1654 .      .            [38 - Ibid. P. 377.].

  24  1656 .    ,      ,      .     ,     . 5 1656 .      .        .         .    16  - ,  17         ,      :  ,    .          ,     [39 - Ibid. P. 251255.].



       .              ,      .   ,        ,    ,     .       ,     :  ,     ,       ,      ,    -   381 .

   .           .

,      .  ,      ,       ,       : ,     . , ,     ,                 .

     . ,   ,        ;      ,       .            .  ,          .      ;    ; ,         .

,       ().   :   .       ,       ,     ,     ,      ,     .     ,      ,    .    .

    ,     ,        .    , ,  ,  ,  . ,    ,   ,        .          ,    ,    .


a)  

  ,                  1: 9.

     :   ,    ,   .     (KJB): That was the true Light, which lighteth every man that cometh into the world.

  .    ,             ( )    . , ,       .     ,     ,      (),     -,    ,     .             ,    :    .

       ,     :  ͸  ,     .     ,      (. 1: 45).           .        ,    .   ,        ,   ,     (. 1: 78).  ,      :   ,    ,   .        (    ,     ) ,      :   ,     .   ,     .  ,   ,     ,    ,    ,     (. 1: 1013).

 ,         ,  . ,   ,        :  ,   .  -  ,                ,              : ,    ,    ,      .           1: 9.       ,     :          ,     ,        ,          .

       ,        ,        .   ,   ,  ,       ,    :   ,  ,     ,   (. 17: 12).  :    ,  ,  ,        (. 9: 3).      (. 9: 2829).       .      ,   ,   ,    ,   ,   ,    .          (   ,          ,    ),      .         : .     ,     ,    .

                    1: 9.


b)     

 ,   ,     (Word,    ?????  );        (, )     .        .          .

  ,    , . -,      .         . ,  ,          ,    ͸      ,       .       (redemption within us).      ,               (we witness)   ,    (inward)[40 -       ,  , :      ,          .]           .

        .    ,                  .

 :   ,  ,  , ,   ,     :         .

-,         ,   , ,     ,   ,    .

 ,        ; ,   ,     ,       ໠      :     .     ,   ,   ,    .       .    ,      [41 - Barklay. Apology. Prop. VII.  3, 6.  (1678),   ,     .      : Barklay R. An Apology for the True Christian Divinity by Robert Barklay, first published in 1678. 120 East Street Rd., G 304. Warmister, PA 18974 www.qhpress.org 2002.].

   ,   ,      ,         .       ,     .    ,   ,     , ,                   .        (perfection),    .

     (continuing revelation),  ,       (the universal Light Within),         .

          ,   , ,             ?          .       .

    .        ,        ,       ,       ,   . .     .   ,    ,        ,       .    ,         ,        .          ,     ,      (Inward Christ).


c)    

   ,       ,   .                   ,        ,     .

 ,     ,      .  ,     , []   (Gods Words for humans).           , , ,           ![42 - Barbour H. The Quakers in Puritan England. New Haven, 1964. P. 156159.]


d)      

          ,     (Inner Light)    ,     . ,        .  ,         ,           ,    .

         :

1.      -             .

2.     ,        ,             [43 -          .  ,    ,        ,        ,   100           ,  .].

3.          ,         .

        :

1. , ,     ,      ;

2.             ,    ;

3.      .

 ,        ,      ,     .  ,          ,      ,              .

             ,          [44 -   ,          ,       ,       ,        .       .      (16511715),       1711 .: ,        (1714).].

,          ,          .

                .      ,          !


e)  

        .

 ,        ,      ,     .    ,       , ,  ,   .    - ,   ( )       - ,     .       ,         ,       .

              [45 -        : Hat-Homage.],    (You  thou).

          , ,   (steeple houses   :   ,      ,      ).

       ,  ,  ,   ,   .            (Holy One).         ,   ,            .    -         ,  ,     ,    .

   ,         .       :     ,   , . .     .    ,     .      ,    ,      .


f)        

     ,             ?[46 - -      :  . .     -    XVII . ., 1979.     ,      (Bellers, John, 16541725).       ,      .      ,  ,     .       ,    :   ,                .   2-    . 59100. . . , ,    ,   ,     ,             (. 64).   ,    ,             .     , , , ,  ,  - (. 65) ,   . .  ,      . Ÿ   .  (Vann),     ,  ,            6000 .  :           ,    , , .  ,         ,    :             ,   ,        . , . .  ,            ,  ,         .  ,      , ,  ,   -   .     . .      ,    II:  ,              200500 .,          (. 67).   ,      ,     ,    . -     ,        .   ,     ,      .]

            ,         ,    ,    (Society of Friends)  .

           ,     :   ,         .

 1656 .            .    , ,   ,        ,      :         .     ,      ,      :      ,        :        : , ; , ;   ,    (. 5: 34, 37). ,    ,   ,     ,      . ,    ,       . ,   ,     ,     (   )  ,           ,                .

   ,      .         (    :  ,       . .),  ,    ,   ,    ,   ,     .              .             ,      ,   .

,       . ,  , :  ,    .   -         .     ,     .

          (, )    (   Wednesday      )       ,    ,     .        ,  .    (   ).     .      : ,   ,   !

        .     ,   ,         ,    . ,   XVIII .        ,   .             .    ,         ,       .

         ,    .    :      ,       .

   ,    ,   ,    ,            ,        .   .    ,            ,           [47 -  . :  . ., 1993. . 93.].


g)    

          .      ,  , ,    .

    ,       ;       .     ,   , ,      ,   (    ).   , ,     -  .

:    ,     ,    .   ,      ,    !       ;  ,      ,      .   ,         .

 ,           : ,   .      ,       ,          .

         .  ,         ,      ,     .        ,        ,      . ,         ,    ,     


h)        

    ,      ,      ,    ?

  ,   ,              ,    .   ,           ,    .      .

                     [48 - Bronner E. B. William Penns Holy experiment. The founding of Pennsylvania. 16811701. New York; London, 1962. P. 147148 (  Bronner    ).].

        ,                  ,     ,   []    .         ,      .       ,       ,  .


i)  

  ,              - .         . ,    ,   .      ,       .    ,       ,    ,  ,     .

       .    .  1650- .        ,        .         1653 .

22  1660 .              ,     11    [49 - Braithwaite W.Ch. The Beginnings of Quakerism. P. 335337.]. ,      ,      1678 .[50 -      (Bealing)          ;     recording clerk.      1689  1737 .! (Braithwaite W. C. The Second Period of Quakerism. Cambridge, 1961. P. 678).]    -   (elders).           ,   .     .          ,    ;   ,         . .      ,  .    ,     ,   ;       , ,     .

     ,          .

          .   ,      18: 1517,  .


j)   

     ,      ;     .   ,     .   ,    ,     ,  ,      ,    .              ,    ,   [51 -   ,          ,     ,      ,       ,     .].

     .

     .


k)   

  1653 .  ,  ,   (Andrew Sowle)     .  ,  16621679  16851693 .,             ,             .  1665 .      ,   .        16721673 .    10 .     :  ,   ,    .       ,   1673 .    (Benjamin Clark)         [52 -  C. .          //   1998. ., 1999. . 13.]. 1673 .           [53 -             : The Papers of William Penn. Gen. /Ed.: R. S. Dunn, M. M. Dunn. Vol. IV. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 19811987.       (PWP     ).  2600  .        : ,        :    ,       .  1975 .         (  )   14 . PVP V. P. 3.]. ,    ,     (The Second-days Morning Meeting exercised control over much of the writing by Friends),     ,         [54 - PVP V. P. 3.].           1683 .

  XVII .      2500 .


l)   

       ,    ,              .           .  ,       13 258 ,    360,   219[55 -    : Schaff P. Creeds of Christendom, with a History and Critical notes. Vol. I. New York, 1876. P. 682.]. ,       ,      ,  :   1725 .  ,      Bibliotheca anti-Quakeriana  1200 [56 - Smith J. R. A descriptive catalogue of friends books, or Books written by members of the Society of friends, commonly called quakers, from their rise to the present time Vols III. London, 1867.].


m)    

XVII .       . ,   ,   ,      .      ?

 .     ,         ,    ,   -  .   ,   ,    .-.   . . ,    .          .        ,   .

      ,    :      ,   ,    .      :          .       - -   (,  ,  C ),  -  ,    .       :      (  ) ;  ,  ,      ;    ;  .

-,       ,       -    - .  1695 .   (16541725)        (Proposals for Raising a College of Industry, of all useful Trades and Husbandry, with Profit for the Rich, a Plentiful Living for the Poor, and a Good Education for Youth. Which will be Advantage to the Government by the Increase of the People, and their Riches. London, 1695).     ,   1697 .   45 .         ,            .  ,         ,          .   ,        ,      .    ,     .

  XVIII .    ,           ,       .   ,              .         :  - ,  -  ,      - ,     ;     -  -.  :       ,   ,   ,         .       ,        ,   -   . ,                   1759 .   ,    ,         [57 -  1995. . 126129.].          ,    ,  .


n)      

    -    ,       .       (Barklay, Robert, 16481690),   ,        ,     (Whitehead, George, . 1636  1723).         (Whitehead, Ann Downer, 16241686)       -   ,   ,      .

     1648 .             (Scots Theological College). ,   ,       - -,        .        ,   .

     ,       .      (1675)[58 -   : Barclay R. Theses Theologicae of Robert Barclay // Creeds of the Churches. A Reader in Christian Doctrine from the Bible to the Present. 3


Ed. /Ed. by J. H. Leith. Louisville, John Knox Press, 1982. P. 323333.]     (1678)[59 -      : Barklay R. An Apology for the True Christian Divinity by Robert Barklay, first published in 1678. 120 East Street Rd., G 304. Warmister, PA 18974 www.qhpress.org 2002.].

    (1675)   15 ,    (propositions).    :  - (concerning).

 1- :         .    ?     ,   ,        .  2:           ,         ,   .

        , ,   (  !)      (inward objective manifestations in the heart)                (the formal object of their faith).         :  ,  ,          .  ,    ,         ,          ,     .     ,        (examination),                ,         ;        (inward illumination)  ,       , ,     ,             ,  ,              :      ,           ,    ( 2).

,   ,        , , ,   , . ,      ,   ,     (only a declaration of the fountain, and not the fountain itself).         , ,      .   ,     .          (more originally and principally the rule),   ( 3).

 6-             ,       .        ,  : ,   ,         ,   .     .      ,    ,   ,     .  , ,     ,     .      ,     (disjoined)           (the Divine Light).    ,             ,    ,     ,   . -,      

 7-   軠           .  ,     ,   ,    , , ,      ,    ,  .            ,     (formed)  ,      .          (both the gift and the giver).       ,   .

8-   ,   :          (       -  ),           ;        ,         ,    , ,   ,         . ,   ,          (yet doth this perfections till admit of a growth),        ,     ,            .

      ,            .     ,       ,  ,             ,       .  ,   ,   ,         .     :       9   ,      .  ,              ,         .

 10-   軠 :             .      :     ,    ,      .         (    ).           ,    -   . , ,    ,            ,      .        ,     ,           (inspirations)     ,       ( 11).            ,     ,       :  , ,      .     ,        .    ,    , ,   ,    ,    .

     ,       .  ,      ,      ,   .    ,      ,         ,   ( 12).

        .  ,        ,       .       ,        . ,   ,          ,  ,       (substance) ( 13).

      .  ,            .   , , ,       ,      -         ,    , ,    ( 14).

, 15-   :

                      ,  ,     ,       ; , ,     ,          ,  :    ,         ,      ,  ; ,      ,          ;     ,  ,    ,   ,            ,      ,     ,            (sobriety),  (gravity)   ; ,   ,   ,     ,      ,       .

 1678 .            (Apology for the True Christian Divinity).        .

       ,       .    :    ,      .      ,   ,   ,   򻠖    ,    .      ,   ,   ,        (cumulative)  .

           ,      ,       ,   ,         .

       (  ) .   . ,  ,      ,       1: 9 12: 3536[60 -   ,     :        ; ,   ,     :     ,  .    ,   ,    .].     ,       (. 13: 1819).

  ,      ,       .   -    :  ,     . ,  ,     ,      . , , ,       (a spiritual),  (heavenly) ,     (dwells)  ,    .       (indwelling Seed);   ;    ,    ,         [61 - Barklay. Apology. Prop. II. 5.].

 ,           ,   .    , , . ,   ,    .  ,      ,     ,      [62 - Ibid. Prop. IV. 2.].   ,    ,  ,                . ,        ,    .   ,                ,    .             ,               .         ,    ,    ?!   , ,   .      ,      ,   ,  .  ,  . (,   :  .)    -   ,       ,   , ,  [63 - Barklay. Apology. Prop. IV. 4; Prop. V. 18.].

     ,     . ,       ,        ,      ,    (the Spirit of God).         ,  ,  ,   .       :      ,     .        :    ,    ,        .                 ,      ,      .      ,   ,            [64 - Ibid. Thesis II. Proposition 6. P. 39.].  ,       :        .

       .       :      ,  ,   .           ,    , ,      ,   -  ,      ,     :  . ,   -    (17711840),          ,   1833 .  ,                ,  [65 - .   -.    ,   ,       ,     .            .   . 15.03.2018                .  , ,         .            ,     ,       .].         ,       .

  :      ?    ,   .

    ,          .


o)    ?

   ,     .  ,         ?

       .

     ,    ,   ,      ,    ,   .     ()          .   .     ,     .         . ,     :     .   ?

, .         - ,             [66 -      ,     (19492015),     .].

       ,       . ,    .        軠      .  - -  .   ,  ,   ,               :   ,     . .     ,        ,        ,    -. ,        ,   .

  . ,            ,        ?

 !   :     ,             ,   .     ( )     (      ).

       .  ,    XVII .   , ,  ,   ,      ,   - ,  ,  -     ,  .      ,      .

      .           .       [67 -           ,   .:  ., .       (18931944). ., 2007.].

  (1901)   , ,       ()[68 - . 1- . 12: 810.]     .         . .           .           ,        .  1913 .     -,    -,   . ,      ,   .            .             .   , , ,             - .    ,   .     .

    ,    .      .          ,    ?

  ,      . - ,  ,  ,       ,  (?!),    [69 - Barklay. Apology. Prop. VI. 13.].        ,    (The Sandy Foundation Shaken),     .      ,     :                 .

      ,             .

 ,     ?.      ,        ,    ,       .


p)     ?

       ?

         .         ,        -      .     , , .     ,    .

      ,   ?   ,      . : 1) ,       ,  ,        ,  : sola fide. 2) ,          ,       ,   ,    ,      : sola gratia. 3)    ,       ,          : solo Christo. 4) ,        .   ,       : sola Scriptura. 5) ,      ,  ,     - ,          ,       (  ,           ): soli Deo gloria.

     :                       .

        :           ,   .      .

       .

     :         ,    .

         ,   ,     .  ,     ,         ,         .

 ,    ,     .     , ,    ,  .


q)    

   ,                [70 -    ,       .     ,    ,           ,   .],             ( ).

     (Inner Light)     ,      (,  , ).     , , ,     ,  ,   .

   ( )    ,   ,   , ,        ,    ,        :          ,  .

  ,    ,       ,   .     ,        ,          .

              .          .    -      ,         .

     , ,  .       ,              ,  .                .       (   )[71 - ,        ,       .       .].   ?   ,  ,      , ,   ,    ,     ,  ,        ,  ,     .       ,          .    ,   .    ,    .

            ,            ,         .      ,       ,  .  :  ?    . ,                 , ,      ,   ,  ,    ,  .              .     ,       ,        -   ,    ,  

        (   ,    ),    (      ).          ,        ,    .

     ,         (  , , ),         :  ,  , .  򻠖               ,      , ?      .    ,               ,       (     ,   ),      ,         .       ,              :   ,        ,        .

       ,      ,         ,     .      ;     .


r)    

 -    :     ,      ,       -  ?

       .   ,   ,    ,      ?        .   ,      .

        .

   ,              :   . 廠  ,      ,     ; 廠 ,     [72 -  :  5 . /. . . . . . 4. ., 1967. . 125 ( .    ); . 5. ., 1970. . 156157 ( .    ).].

   ?

,   ,   . ,   ,   . ,  tertium non datur,    ,         .

      .   (introspection)         .     .           , ,       :      ,  ,   ,    () ()   ().

     ,        .

 ,      ,      .      .

        !         ,      ,       . ,        .     ,   .     .              ,     ,     .        :    ,   .            -     .

    ,    100 % ,          ,         .    ,     .    ,     ,     ,     .  ,        ,          .        .

                   .

  ,         .

.                - .           ,        .    , ,    .   ( )     ,          (    )  .      .

          (, ,    ),  .   , , ,     ,  ,    ,          -,   .         ,       .       ,   ,          .  ,         ,        , -      .          ,          .


s)        

   ,           15     ,         ,     ?       ? , ,            ?

       .    .          .       ,  ,  ,          -      [73 -           :  .  . ., 1992.       : , ,     ,       .        .].

   (Dispensationalism)    dispensatio, -ionis  , [74 -           .      .].       ,         (      黠 . 3: 2)    ().    ,           ,    .  ,    ,     ,      .

      ?  , !       ,         .               .               .        :  򻠖  :     .            ,      ,  ,               .

         /     .        ,  -    ,     .

      .

              ,   3, 4     ( .      , , ).        .         ,    .   ,  ,  ( II .),   (11321201),    ( XVIIIXIX .)        ,   ,      ,     ,         (        ).

            XIXXX .   ,       ,       ()   .   2-   3: 8 (   ,   ,   ,   )     ,        1000 ,  999   1001 .  ,             1000-  ,      .  ,           (),                  ,  ,       ,    ,     ().        .          (Darby, John Nelson, 18001882)    [75 -    : Darby J. N. Synopsis of the Books of the Bible. 5vols. New York, 1950.].   ,      (Scofield, Cyrus Ingerson, 1843 1921)    [76 - Scofield C. I. Rightly Dividing the Word of Truth. New York, 1907.]   1909  1917 .        ,      7 .      (The Scofield Reference Bible)[77 -    Oxford NIV Scofield Study Bible, ed. C. I. Scofield and E. Scuyler English. New York. 1984.]   1918 .     . 2 .

,             6    1000 .       .

          .                  ,      .      ,     :      ,             ,    ,   ,    ,  ,     ,  ,   ,     .  :   .

         ,     . ,  .         1694 .   : ,           (The Preface being a Summary Account of the Divers Dispensations of God to Men)[78 -     1-    London, Jane Sowle, 1709 // PWP V. P. 412.].

      ,      1698 .      I:



   ,   ,            ,        :   ,  ,         40       (Holy Light)    ,     .                ,   ,       ,           ,          ,  ,   .


,    ,   ,  ,  ,      ( ),      ( )     ,      -  .         ,         .          ,    .

              ,        ,     ,    (17921834)    ,    (18051844)   .


t)    

       . 40-      1637 . ,            [79 - Winthrops Journal. History of New England. 16301649 / Ed. by J. K. Hosmer. Vols III. London, 1908. Vol. I. P. 195196.].      [80 -    1642 .    ,     .].           1638 .     ,       ,             .

 ,    ,            ,      .               ,                ,      [81 -  . :  . . 14.].      :      ,      .  1637 .             ,       .

           (Dewsbury, William, . 1621  1688), ,     ,      . ,    (1652)  .  , ,         .

        1655 . ,  -.   -    ,    [82 -    -:  ,            ,                . . :  . :  . . 48.].   ,  -          -:   ,       . ,     ,         ,      .

 1656 .        (Holder, Christopher, . 1631   1676)       .   1657 . ,   ,           .       ,   -    .              .   -     .       30     .       .            :      .  9  (  )      .          15 ,      ( 375 ).       ,   ,   ,     ,    -,     .    1658 .        .         .

   12.09.1657 .         ,            -[83 -  IV. C. 197.].         .

  1658 .    -           ,      [84 -  . C. 198.].   -    ,   ,         [85 - Dictionary of American History / Ed. J. T. Adams. 2


ed. New York, 1942. Vols IV. (ee: DAH,     ). DAH IV. P. 477.].

       -,      .    1658 .,   ,      ,   ,   .   ,   ;     .            . ,  ,   .    ,       -.

 1658 .     ,   ,     .     .     ,  ,      .           ,     .         .

      ,    ,   ,       ,   100 . .     19.10.1658 .               [86 -  IV. C.200.       : Minehan J. R. Quaker persecutions in Massachusetts from 1656 to 1661. Boston, 1931. P. 3237.].

   1658 .,   ,    -   .  ,         .          1659 .    : -      -              ,     ,    .         , ,    ,        ,       .       ,   ,                      ,         ,        ;      ,     [87 - . :  . :  . . 5152.].         ,     

   1659 .    ,    11-      (Dyer, Mary).        .       ,        . Ÿ   18.10.1659 .      -    (Robinson, William)    (Stevenson, Marmaduke). (   .)   , 19.10.1659 .,      ,      ,         . 27.10.1659 .     :    ,       ,       ,   .   .          ,  ,       .    ,      . Ÿ          -.  21.05.1660 .    . Ÿ    21.06.1660 .   .      ,        .  :   ,             .      [88 -  IV. . 202. Ÿ      (Dyer, Dyre, . 1688)   1682 .     -.  16821685 .       .   1685 . ,        -  .        .   -     .   1687 .         ,         ,    (   : Dischared)                . Pomfret J. E. The Province of East New Jersey, 16091702. The Rebellious Proprietary. Princeton, 1962. P. 258259.].

14.03.1661 .         .

     .  1660 .       ,        .

 II     29  1660 .   :         ,          .    09.09.1661.  II      ,         [89 -  IV. . 208209.].   1660 .         ,  , -  .

15.03.1665     ,     . 25.05.1665        ,       .           14  1656 .[90 -  . . 216. Pestana, Carla Gardina. Quakers and Baptists in colonial Massachusetts. Cambridge (Mass.), 1991.]

 1659 .                   .  1661 .       .            .   ,       ,     .

          .  1670 .      : ,  -.  1676 .     ,  1678  .             16811682 .

     , -,  1661,       1684 .,        ,     [91 -  . .          //  . 1998. ., 1999. . 1011 (  ).].

  ,   ,        (to oversee Quaker printing).    ,      ,   ,           (Quaker printer).       .          .        (Chalkley),   111    1742 .   (Benezet, Anthony)     XVIII .      .  1795 .      .

 16711673 .    .       ,         .

      1671 .,     ,    ,   . 30.05.1672    , -.

 -   1672 .         (Easton, Nicholas, . 1593  1675),           1657  1658 . ,         (ranston, 16251680).       . 30.06.1672       ,   ,     -. ,   ,         .         .

15.07.1672               14 .   .  :         .

,     . , 25.07.1672   - ,    ,   :           ;    , , . 26.07.1672   -.    :  ,    ,     .  ,                .

   .   09.08.1672  ,    .           ;    .  :                    .   ໠        .     , ,      .        .     ,     .      1-   [92 -  IV. . 224227.].

    10.08.1672    2- :       ,      (, ) ,  .     11.08.1672    ,        37 ,      .            17.08.1672.      ,  

           [93 -       (Bridenbaugh).].  16721677 .         -. ,    1677 .    , -  ,        ,   ,       , -,   [94 -  IV. . 258.].     1690 .   -    [95 -  . . 226230.].




 2

             (1644   1680 .)


 ,     - ,       ,     [96 -       ,    .  1957 .        : Peare C. O. William Penn. A Biography. Philadelphia  New York, 1957 (: Peare).            .        : ,    ,  ,      20  1682 .,    ,      ,  (P. 230231)    (P. 2930). Ÿ     ,  ,   ,    ,     . ,     -   ,   1683 .,     ,      -,         (. 266268).  .    : ,  2     (A Youth of Excellent Genius),   5     (Dear George Fox).  12         (The Seed of a Nation);         .            (. 270271).      :    ,       ,     ,                  .         (. 414).,  . . , ,      : Wildes H. E. William Penn. New York; London, 1974.].

      (16211670),  1660- . :  -.          ,   . 30.12.1637  I        [97 - Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn, Founder of Pennsylvania. New York, [1872]. P. 15.].     ,       ,    ,     ,       .

 -  ,    -  (,   ,  )  (Penn, Margaret Jasper Vanderschuren, 1610(?)1682).     ,    1631 .           .   1641 .      . Ÿ     (,  ,  ).  -        6  1643 .      .

 1643 .     ,   ,    .   [98 - : 1641 ,  1642   ,  1644 -,  1646 -.]  ,     ,     28-  Fellowship ().         ,       ,        :    14.10.1644  .       23          (Church of All Hallows by the Tower)[99 - PWP I. P. 30.      :   675 .   (Byward Street).].

           (Wanstead)    (Chigwell)   .    10   -  ,      (Ongar Road)    ,  .        .

      1652 .       :  (Blake)  .           .  ,      ,     ,  ,      . ,      ,    [100 - Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 24.].

  -    1653 .   (Chigwell Grammar School)  .

 1655 .          :           ,       -.        .

  .     ,           .         ,     ,    300 . .  ,      .    ,       !     (Macroom)    (Sullane),  20   :         .      (Muskerry),         I  .       ,    ,           .     , ,   ,             .

  -  :   .      (Venables, Robert).       -.      ,        .          [101 - Ibid. P. 27.].        :                  .

                  -.        .              (20.09.1655).

       :           ;         ;     ,       .       5- .

     .   (   1655 .)  11-     :    ,    ,   .

  ,  ,  1656 1660 .      ,   - (Macroom Castle).         :  ,  , ,  .       ,      .    , ,  .     ,  ,      . ,        (       ).       :     (  )       .             ,   .

    1657 .         (Loe, Thomas, .  1668),         ,    .

            ( 1659 .) -       II      .   (Weymouth) 2  1660 .      -,            II   .  II  -   (  ).

 1660 .  II     (a Commissioner of the Navy)    500 . .      [102 - Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 3133.].      (Kinsale),   ,    ,      400 . . .  ,    ,      .       .             .      :    (Shanagarry)       ,        1000 . .

 1660 .     .      ,   ,     .   ,     ,  ,          ,        .        ,    (   )    (Pepys)   ,   .   -   ,     .

26  1660 .      -׸  .  -׸     (Owen, 16161683), ,       1653 .       .         ,   .     12   ,         .

         ,   , , .            .        , ,    .

  1660 .         ,   (Henry Stuart, Duke of Glouchester, 16391660),     II,    13  1660 .     ,   [103 - PWP V. P. 89.].   ,    ,  ,       67   [104 - Epicedia Academiae Oxoniensis, in Obitum celsissimi Principis Henrici Ducis Glocestrensis. Oxoniae, Typis Lichfieldianis, MDCLX.]. 6    16-   :

		Publicate Dux Magne, dabant Jejunia genti,
		Sed facta est nato Principe festa dies.
		Te moriente, licet celebraret laeta triumphos
		Anglia; solennes solvitur in lachrymas.
		Solus ad arbitrium moderaris pectora; solus
		Tu dolor accedes, deliciaeque tuis[105 - PWP I. P. 30.].

      ,   :   ,     15  1660 . 27-   .  :



   ,   ,      .    ,        ,    .   . , ,    ; ,     ,    .


  1662 .      (-׸)   .     .  II    1660 .           - .      ,   . -  .            .        .      .      , ,   ,   .         .      ,  [106 - Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 3436; Peare. P. 3538.].

     . - ,            ;    ,         .    ,   :   ,    ,   ,  .   :  ,   ,     - .     ,     .        ,       .

       .   ,   - ,     ,   .           .

  1662    1663 . -   .     XIV      .        ,    ,        .

         .  ,         ,   ,     .       ,    , ,    ,      .   ,      ,        .       ,      ,   .     .  ,    .     ,  ,      .  ,    ,   :         .      ,    ;             .

      .  1663 .    :      .       1591 .              1685 .

,            -,   ,    [107 - Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 3840.].       ,      .      .        -   ,            ?

       (Amyraut, Moise  Moses[108 -       .], 15961664).      ,          1664 .       ,   ,  ,      ,     , , .         ,         ,        .               , , ,  ,  ,  .         ,         ,     . ,           .           ,  ,  ,  ,  ,   [109 - ,        .   ,     .].

 1664 .            .           ,    [110 - Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 40.].

     1664 . -    .      .  II      -. -      :  1-   , 2-   , 3-    .       ,          и (De Ruyter)       ,     (De Witt). -       ,    :      ,      .          .      :           .

       ,               .  ,    ,        .

     -     .           ,       1664 .

-   ,        .  -     ,    .        (30  1664 .)    ,      .

    7  1665 .            Lincolns Inn.        ,        .    ,   ,       23   13 , 12   8 , 26   14   23   28 [111 - Peare. P. 46.].

          .   24.03.1665         Royal Charles ( ).     -       .       -      (at Gunfleet Bar)     -     : , ,           .         (Harwich)   ,            , 23.04.1665     .   .        (Bennet, Henry, 16181685, 1


Earl of Arlington (1663))  [112 - Groom of the Bedchamber.]    (Ashburnham, 16031671).   ,   ,    .        ,      [113 -   .   . 06.05.1665 // PWP I. P. 3435.].

     ,     1665 .     -       .

      ,  ,       .    ,    ,      .       .    ,  -     .

        ,         . -     :   ,     ,      (Shangarry Castle),     :    ,        (Kinsale)[114 - Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 45.].

  1666 .    .        (Butler, James, Duke of Ormonde, 16101688).    .         I , ,    ,      ,     ;     (16491650 .),   .    -  (Lord Lieutenant of Ireland),        II.       ,   (Arran, 16391686),    ,   .          (Lane, George, . 1620  1683),   ,   .                 .         .

  1666 .    (Carrickfergus)   .         ,       :        .    (   )  .     .          !   ,  -    ,      .   ,     [115 - Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 47.].         ( : Aetis 22, 666 October 14. Pax ovari bellu)[116 - 22 , 14  1666 . ,  .             1666 .].        ,      -.        .

,       ,     ,      ,     .        ,     .        ,       ,   ,   .       ,   ,    ,   .  ,            .           .  -   ,  22-         .   -            (sobriety)

-     .      .        .      ,    ,        .

       . 15  1667 . (-  1666 .) ,  ,     ,   .      :   , 15 . . .![117 - Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 5051.]    ,   ,   .

     ,        1667,  -,   ,      .



      .   ,               ,        ,       .   : There is a faith that overcomes the world, and there is a faith that is overcome by the world  ,   ,   ,  .

  ,      ,      ,   1668 .:  :    (The Two Kingdoms of Darkness and Light)[118 - PWP I P. 6067.].             ,       .           ,     ,         .   , ,        .

3  1667 .   18           ,     [119 - Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 52.].  ,        ,     ,      .   ,        ,      ,  .      :        ? ,     1660 .    .        .

    -     ,   (Boyle, Roger, 1


Earl of Orrery, 16211679).        .         [120 - PWP I. P. 5153.].

     - ,       .

- ,     .  .   ,  ,     (Bishop, George, . 1668)     .   1640- .    ,  1647 .        ,  16491653 .       .   -   1652 .      .   1654 .   .   ,             ,     ,    ,  .      1660 .,   1665 .      .    - ,   [121 -             .   ,            ,    , ,   ,  . . (PWP I. P. 5455).],                  .

       1667 .    .          . ,  ,     :        ,   .        ?       ?        . ?!  .   ? , ,      .      !    , -      .    ,         .      ?!   .   ,  ,     [122 - Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 5354.].

  , ,  . ,          ,       .      ,             .        ,        . -.

  ,    1668 .     ,        .

  1668 .      ,      :  :        ,         ,    ,          ,         (Truth Exalted; in a short, but sure, Testimony against all those Religions, Faiths, and Worships that have been formed and followed in the darkness of Apostacy. And for that Glorious Light which is no wrisen, and shines forth in the Life and Doctrine of the despised Quakers, as theal one good old way of Life and Salvation. Presented to Princes, Priests, and People, that they may repent, believe, and obey. By William Penn the Younger, from Divine Love constrains in a holy contempt to trample on Egypts glory, not fearing the Kings wrath, having be held the Magisty of him who is Invisible. London, Printed in the Year, 1668).  , ,  :  18 [123 - Collection of the Works of William Penn. Vols III. London, 1726. Vol. I. P. 239248.           1827 .,   -   (Besse, 16831757).     : Besse I  Besse II.    : http://dqc.esr.earlham.edu:8080/xmlmm/loginB?XMLMMToc=E2177021A-002&XMLMMLanguage=English&XMLMMCollection=/earlham&XMLMMReturnURL=http://www.qhpress.org/cgi-bin/catalog.cgi%3Fname%3Dwilliam.penn].               ,     .         .  :           .  ,      (Glorious Light)   ( )  ,  ,    ,    .     ,    .            .   ,     , ,      .    : , .       :     ,    .      :     (Doctrine of the Precepts of Men)       ,      .       .       ,          ,         ,      ,  .  ,   ,       ,    .   ,   ,      , , ,     (idleness, looseness, prophaneness, prodigality, and gross ignorance).      ,      ,    ,   ,    .  :       ,        ;    ,      ,  .         (sterling)    ,     .  :  , ,   , , , ,  , , , , ! (Oye Idolatrous, Superstitious, Carnal, Proud, Wanton, Unclean, Mocking and Persecuting Princes, Priestsand People).            ,   .   ,        .    ,      -,  , ,    ,  , ,   (everlasting Holy God Almighty, Lord of Hosts, and King of Saints).      :  ,    ,        ,     [124 -       ,      -   .   1671 .     (Cautionary Postscript),    :           ,  ,  ,    ,   1675 .            (PWP V. P. 9091).].



    1668 .          (Danson, Thomas, . 1694)    (Vincent, Thomas, 16341678).        .

    .   , ,      ,    ,  ,     .    -  .  1660 .     -       (Spitalfields,    ).        ,    .                   .     ,        ,   .     (Whitehead, 16351723)[125 -      60   .          20    .]          ,      ,            .    ,     ,    ,      .     .            .   :      .        ,      ,    .    ,       ,      ,     .      ,    ,     .      :    . ,   ?     :       .  :     : ,    ;     (1- . 5: 7).   ,   .     ,        .           .  -         (Atonement),            :  ,     ,    ,   ,      .

,        ,    .

    1668 .,  16 ,    36-        (The Sandy Foundation Shaken: or, Those so generally believed and applauded Doctrines, Of One God, subsisting in three distinct and separate Persons, Of The Impossibility of Gods pardoning sinners, without a plenary satisfaction, Of The justification of impure persons by an imputative Righteousness, Refuted. From the Authority of Scripture Testimonies, and right Reason. By W. P.j. A Builder on that Foundation which cannot be moved. London, Printedinthe Year, 1668)[126 - BesseI. P. 248266. ,    1812 .,   : https://archive.org/stream/sandyfoundation00meetgoog#page/n66/mode/2up].

           .     ?        ,    -     .



           ,        .    ,     ,       ,      ,      ,     . ,      ,  ,   ,    ,      ,    (): -, - (     ,      )     .

         .     .   ,     ,      ,    ,       180- .[127 -  . .      . ., 2014. . 137.]   (. ?????, ???????, . Trinitas, Trinitatis, . Trinity)            IV .

     ,      ,         .

,   ,      : ,     ,    .

     .         ,   ?   ,   ,        .         (   )  .        ,      ,  , , ,       :      :   ,     ,    ?  ,    .   ,     .  !

    ,      ,       ,     ,       (, , ),          ,   ,     ,      ,  .

 I   325 . ,         ,      :   .          -  -:   (?????????) .  ,          ??????????  .

,  ,        .      ,      (, ,    ).            .    362 .  :



  ,        ,     : ,      ,            ,      ,     .  ,          ,       ,     ,        ,    ,    .             ,        ,    ;     ,      .      ,       ;       ,    ,   ?[128 -  .   ,        . . 41;   .   4 . . III. ., 1994 (  1903 .). . 146147.]


                 II   381 . -  ,         .

           .

 427 . ,   ,   ,             .        .       ,  .     III      431 .     .

 ,        ,  , ,  .             ,       [129 -  . .    . ., 2005. . 2934.].

    (18541900),   ,            ,   :



      ,          ,               [130 -  . .      .   . ., 2007. . 270.].


       . ,   ,   ,  .            .      ,      ,    .     ,    :     ,        ໠     ,      .   ໠            .      ,         .             ,   20          .          - ,      1054 .    ,    .



    ,       .  ,  ,    .      /  (separate and distinct persons).   ,      . .  ,         300   ,        []    ,         .  ,     ,     ,      (Thus it was conceivd in ignorance, brought forth and maintained by cruelty; and continued through all the Romish generations).

      ,         -, -     .   -     .        1920- .   ,   :  .        ,      .            .      ,     ,  .  ,       ,  .          .

        ,     ,      .    -  ,            , ,    ,        ,  ,       .              (Atonement).

 , ,        ,             . , ,  .          .          ,      [131 -  ϸ   (19041963)          (18931944) (1962)                 .       (., 2007)         :       ,    ,        ,    ,         ,     ,        (. 1314).].            .

       (Sections) ,     : ,   ,     ,       (The Vulgar Doctrine of Satisfaction, being dependent upon the Second Person of the imagined Trinity, refuted from Scripture).   ,            .           ,  .       .

   ,     :      ,     /   (bear an unanimous Testimony for the only True God, True Christ, and Heavenly Doctrine).

    :  . . .,   ,     .

    ,    ,          .           .  ,     ,      .

,  -,             .

      (14 Charles II Chapter 33),                .           (Henchman, Humphrey, 15921675),      .      .

       (John Darby)    ,           .

    , 16.12.1668     ,   , ,      ,       ,   ,          .   ,      .       .

   ,        .         .

      .       ,    ,  ,      ,    .  ,                    .

   (Robinson)               .     :              . , , ,             ,          .  ,   -     ,        .         [132 - Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 6667.].    ,     ,          .

      ,        .        ,        ,      .

       .     .     .     :       ?   ,        .    ,     ,      ,  ,        ,  .      ,        ,              .   ,            .      .    ,     ,         : ,   ,     .                   (Darby)       (blasphemy)[133 - PWP I. P. 82.] .   , 18.12.1668     -   ,  7             .

 ,       .   ,   1944 .,    ,    ,  ,           [134 - PWP V. P. II.].      ,     .     :       .      .       .      , , .    ,  ,   (   ,   ).

  ,    1668 .,         .  ,  ,    ,       ,      [135 - PWP I. P. 86.].    ,   :      ,    .    ,  ,   : ,   . ,     .         - .       .  ,         ,      .             .

    1669 .      .           .  ,   ,         .  .          ;   ,       9 .    ,       ,           :    ,    .    ,        .

    1669 . -         .       ,          (            ,  16  ,       ).     30.03.1669 -    ,     .        ,  ,      ,  ,          .  30.03.1669 .        10    .   ,         .   ,        .   1669 .  -      .  ,         .    . (,   ,         ,     .)

 II                   .             .     [136 - Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 7879.].

    1669 . ,   ,   ,     No Cross, No Crown   ,    [137 -         :  ,  .  ,            ,    ,       :  -      , ,      ,    ,    .        .].        1669 .

 ,        ,   ,  ,       .    1669  1682 .        ,       , ,   ,      .     (Barbour, Hugh)          ,            :    ,       [138 -        1981 . P. XXIII.].

           ,          1668 .  :   ,   :    ,       ,             (Dear heart, bear thy cross; stand faithful for God and bear thy testimony in thy day and generation, and God will give thee an eternal crown of glory that non eshall ever take from thee). :   ,    ,            ,       ,     ;        ,   ,     ,          ( ,   )  ; ,    ,   .  68        ,     .      ,    . -,         (- : No Cross, no Crown: Or several Sober Reasons Against Hat, Honour, Titular Respects, You to a single Person, with the Apparel and Recreations of the Times: Being inconsistent with Scripture, Reason, and the Practice, as well of the best Heathens, as the holy Men and Women of all Generations; and consequently fantastick, impertinent and sinfull. With Sixty Eight Testimonies of the most famous Persons, of both former and latter Ages for further confirmation. In Defence of the poor despised Quakers, against the Practice and Objections of their Adversaries. By W. Penn j. An humble Disciple, and patient Bearer of the Cross of Jesus. Printed in the Year, 1669 [   ]).   112 .

     ,    . 3: 2      .  . 3: 9, 1- . 2: 9,  .:     !      (Thy Law is my Meditation all the Day) (. 119[139 - 118-   .]: 97).

      -,    .   ,        ,     (lust)  .

   .  ,    ,   .      ,      .  1  2 ( 520)    ,  , ,   ,       (true Honour is from God),  ,  ,     (false Honour).     ,     -    .    you      ,  ,             ,      .     , ,   ,      .

    :       (Severas ober Reasonsurgd against the vain Appare landusual Recreations of the Age (as Gold, Silver, Embroyderies, Pearls, precious Stones, Lockets, Rings, Pendents, breaded and curld Locks, Painting, Patching, Laces, Points, Ribonds, unnecessary change of Cloaths,Rich Furnitures, Plays, Parts, Mulbery and Spring-Gardens, Treats, Balls, Masks, Cards, Dice, Bowls, Chefs, Romances, Comedies, Poets, Riddles, Drollery, vain and unnecessary Visits, &c.) by which they are proved inconsistent with a Christian life, and very destructive of all civil Society).          ,     ,    .

        :    85.

2-       ,        ,   2-  3- (. 23105).        , ,             ,     .        (all was Vanity and Vexation of Spirit),   ,      ,     V  , ,       .



           No Cross, No Crown.   : , 1  1682 .

 :   ,    . ,       ,                 (No Cross, No Crown. A Discourse Shewing the Nature and Discipline of the holy Cross of Christ, And That The Denyal of Self, and daily Bearing of Christs Cross, is the alone Way to the Rest and Kingdom of God. To which are added, The Living and Dying Testimonies of divers Persons of Fame and Learning, in favour of this Treatise. By William Penn. The Second Edition, Corrected and much Enlarged. London, 1682).      ,    :  19: 23, 1 . 4: 7  8.

          ( 600 .)    .    1682 .   ;       30 [140 -        ;  - 1845 .: https://archive.org/details/nocrossnocrowndi03penn],    ,     12  (       1747 .);    ,   .  -     1981 . (   1669 .        2011 .).             ,        .

          ,     .    22   .

  6   ,        .   ,        .    (worldly lusts  P. 3 1981 .)   , ,   .       .  ,    ,   : ,     ,   ()        (The way, like the cross, is spiritual: that is, an inward submission of the soul to the will of God, a sit is manifested by the light of Christ in the consciences of men).

Inward       ,   .        ,            ,      . -    /    .       inward   /    utward [observance],     ,  ,   ,     ,    .

  ,        ,   :    (    ).    ,   1682 .   :           ,      ,  .             .  ,    -     ,    .

         (three capital lusts): ,      (pride, avarice, and luxury).

 (pride):       - ,  . ( , ,  ,           .  ,        ,         ,   ).         ,   .         (love of power),         .        :  , , you  thou.   11      pride of family,         ,       ,      .  ,     -      :   ,   ,          ;     ,   ,    ,   (A proud man then is a kind of glutton upon himself; for he is never satisfied with loving and admiring himself; whilst nothing else, with him, is worthy either of love or care).

 (avarice)  ,   ,    ,       .

   (luxury)            (an excessive indulgence of self, in ease and pleasure).        (gluttony),     (excess in apparel),   ,     1669 . 3- .   18        ,  ,   .   ,   ,      :     , ,     .

        ,     .  1694 .            .    142    ,     ;    ,  . (            .     ,          .)[141 - PWP V. P. 287289.]

        ,    .        ,          . ,  1696 .           11 [142 - The Harmony of Divine and Heavenly Doctrines; Demonstrated In Sundry Declarations on Variety of Subjects. Preached at the Quakers Meetings In London by William Penn, George Whitehead, Samuel Waldenfield, Benjamin Coole. Taken in Short-hand as it was delivered by them; And now Faithfully Transcribed and Published for the Information of those who by reason of Ignorance may have received a Prejudice against them: By a Lover of that People. London, Printed and Sold by T. Sowle, near the Meeting-House in White-Hart-Court in Gracious Street, 1696.]  8   3  .     ,  7-, ,     (The Great Design of Christianity),          ,   ,          , ,   (but an empty Bubble, a Shadow that flies away)[143 - PWP V. P. 431432.].



           .         ,    ,      ,       ,     .            .        ,        .            ,           .            [144 - Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 8081.].

   -          .

    1669 .     -       34-  ,       .      ,   ,   II      .

        .     ,       ,         .        .  ,             ,           .

      .   ,       ,     .

     ,                 ,    兔 (Innocency with Her Open Face presented By way of Apology for the Book entituled The Sandy Foundation Shaken, To all Serious and Enquiring Persons, particularly The Inhabitants of the City of London. By W. P.j. Printed in the Year 1669 (   ))[145 -   : https://archive.org/details/sandyfoundation00penngoog].      30 [146 - Besse I. P. 266271.].

             ,     .  :      ,    .    ,          ,     .

   ,                ,       .  ,      ,          .      , , ,     (Blasphemer, Seducer, Socinian, denying the Divinity of Christ the Saviour). ,          (Atonement),        ,   .

  (  ,   )      :       ;        (by his Blood here deems from iniquity);   ,    .        :       : ,   ,   (and there are three that bear record in Heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Spirit, which are one)[147 - PWP V. P. 100101.]. ,      ,   , ,    .

28.07.1669  II ,    .      (   ),          ,        [148 - PWP I. P. 97.].       .



,    ,      .        [149 - PWP V. P. 19.].            .   1669 .    .

      .         ,     .       .             .

      ,     .     .       .      .            .

       .   1670 . ,      ,  .

       ,   10 .

4  1670 (    1669)     :     (A Seasonable Caveat against Popery. Or A Pamphlet, Entituled, An Explanation of the Roman-Catholick Belief, Briefly Examined. By William Penn. Printed in the Year 1670)[150 - Besse I. P. 467486.].

 1669/1670 .,     ,          -  (An Explanation of the Roman Catholic Belief).        1656 .   (Davenport, Christopher)   ,     . .    ,     -    .      ,  -.       .      ,      ,   13  1670 .   .  ,   Seasonable Caveat against Popery    ;        1671 . ( 23 ),     ,          (Buckinghamshire),      .

     10 ,       .       . ,       ,     ,   ;      ,   ,      ,    ,      ,                  .     6  .  ,     , . ,    .   ,         ,      .

  :    ?   ,      ,    ? :   ,          ,   (Not to keep Faith with Heretics).       .    (query)    :             ? (Whether the Design of Popery be not an utter destruction of all true and solid Religion?).

                   .  ,      -      .                 II,   [151 -      1700 . PWP V. P. 105107.].

19  1670 .     ,  -:       (Letter of Love to the Young-Convinced).      : Carberry in the County of Cork the 19


of 12


mo 1669.    ,      .   ,    :     (Keep in the Simplicity of the Cross of Jesus).      ,    ,    ,       ;   .    ,       ,  ,     ,   ͸   (Sons and Daughters of the Most High, by aparticipation of his Divine Nature).      ,   ,   .    ,     .    ,       ,    , <>      (remission)[152 -     :  (redemption)],    ,       ,   , ,  [153 - Besse I. P. 440442; PWP V. P. 31, 108109.].

11  1670 .          (The Second Conventicle Act)[154 - George Gould, ed. Documents Relating to the Settlement of the Church of England by the Act of Uniformity of 1662. London: W. Kent and Company, 1862. P. 491499.]. C 10  1670 .    16    -     5       ,    .  ,  ,   5 .,   20 . .,     ,            7 .

         ,      .     ,           19  1670 . :     ,     蔻[155 -   : http://oll.libertyfund.org/titles/893.] (The Great Case of Liberty of Conscience, Once more Debated & Defended, With some brief Observations on the late Act, Presented to the Kings Consideration, The Author W. P.j. 1670).    25      5  .

     II:         .    ,    .     ,   ,      (some one angry Party of men).     ,    ,    (blest of God, and beloved of vertuous men). : WILL:PENN Jun.

       .  2-            ,    .        (To the Supream Authority of England).   :      (From a Prisoner for Conscience Sake, W. P.),  : Newgate, 7


of February.

    ,       ,   (citizens)      (by English Birthright).   :        ?           .     ,           ,    .

   2-   ,    ,    ,   .    :        ,     ,     .          ,      .

    6    .   (    )  Conventicle Act.  1- .      ,    (persecution)  ,      .  . 2 ,      .  . 3   ,      ,     .  . 4 ,      (restriction)      .  . 5              ( 2-        ). . 6   ,    ,    ,    ,      . , ,  ,       ,   ,         ,       .

 ,  :  ,   ,  :      (Equal),  ,   ,      (Reverence),    ,   (Respect)  , ,  (Promotion)      (Rewards),   ?  2-      ,     .    ,      .

 1670 .        .    , -     .    :       ,       .



  1670 .    .   14  1670 .   - ,  , ,        .          .      .   (Mead, 16281713),        ,   ,      ,          .

    -    (Sir Samuel Starling).      .       ,     . -  ,       .          ,   ׸  (Black Dog)     [156 - PWP I. P. 172.].

  , ,  , -    ,           (Conventicle Act),    ,       (common-law offense),       (unlawful assembly).

        1  1670 . .      ,     .     ,       .

    03.09.1670.  ,      ,   ,    ,     .       ,                 ,       .     .       (Howel, John),  .    9   -       .     12 ,     (Veer, Thomas).

  :        ?     .    ,         ,         .   ,    ,  ,     ,     ,        .

      ,    :     ,       ,      ,  ,         ?       ,          , , , .      ,       .         ,  ,     ,     ,            .

  .    .  8  12      ,        ,         .       .      .      .     ,    . , , ,      ,    -.      ,      ,   ,        ,        .      .   ,      :           -,       .      12 .           ,   .

 4   ,  11    .  12   .    .      .      ,      .   ,   ,     ?      ?   :   ,     .            ,       

  5  1670 .     .   ,    .      ,       ,  ,   ,       .         ,    12      (Newgate) .         ,     40 ,    1000 .  1980- .[157 - PWP I. P. 175177.]

8   12     ,       .         (Bushel, Edward)  .  1671 .      (Vaughan, John)     .     Bushel Case.          -   .

      8  -         ,     .

  1670 .            (The Peoples Ancient and Just Liberties Asserted, in the Tryal of William Penn, and William Mead, At the Sessions held at the Old-Baily in London, the first, third, fourth and fifth of Sept. 70. against the most Arbitrary procedure of that Court. 1670). : Sic volo, sic jubeo, fiat pro ratio ne voluntas  ,       ,  ,    .       ,     ,      .        ,   , -, ,            .   (Rudyard, Thomas),  -,       ,        .




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/pages/biblio_book/?art=51580448)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes



1


          .       ,       1523 .    XVI .;     (Smyth)  1608 .,      1638 .,            1830- .




2


 . .    .  . 1603 1683. .: , 1993. . 34.




3


 (  )     : Bensel R. F. Sectionalism and American political development, 18801980. Madison (Wisc.), 1984.




4


  ,  -     , ,   -           : Lovejoy D. S. Phode Island politics and the American revolution 17601776. Providence, 1958.




5


   ,             : . .: Brockunier S. H. The Irrepressible Democrat. Roger Williams. New York, 1940.               ,     ,  - ,        ,       - ,  ,  .




6


 . .    //   . 2014. 1. . 212230.




7


  ,        ,     .




8


Braithwaite W. C. The Beginnings of Quakerism. London, 1912. P. 45.




9


  ,          ,        . , ,  ,          ,        .           ,         (    )     :        (, ),  ( / ).         , ,    ,    .




10


     .          ,    .         XVII .:     ,  , ,     ;      .    ,     ,                  16421649 .




11


 . .     . ., 2000. . 375.




12


Endy M. B. William Penn and Early Quakerism. Princeton, 1973. P. 3153.




13


   :  . .        XVII . //      XVIXX . [ :  1988] / . . . . . , 1998. . 6271.

,   , ,  -   .   :

Drake T. Quakers and slavery in America. New Haven; London, 1950.

Endy M. B. William Penn and early Quakerism. Princeton (New Jersey), 1973.

Jones R. M. The quakers in the American colonies. London, 1923 (     ).

       13-   . -   ,     .  1892 . . .          XVIIIXIX .,     (Post-scriptum  ) ( . .    11 . . 9. ., 1958. . 313321).             ,      ,       ,        .        , ,    , :           .    ,    :      ,      . ,      ( ),   ,   .

         -   (Woolman John, 17201772):  . .    / . . . . . ., 1995.       ,  ,           ,          ,         .




14


       ,       .      sect     :          ,  - ,      .           ,     ( 1917),          .        :  ,  ໠   .      ,      :   , , ,    ,    .           ,      ,      XVII .  ,      ,        .




15


. . 5: 37.




16


Braithwaite W. C. The Beginnings of Quakerism. P. 3031.




17


Journal of George Fox: being an historical account of the Life, Travels, Sufferings, Christian experiences, and labour of love, in the work of the ministry, of that eminent and faithful servant of Jesus Christ, who departed this life, in great peace with the Lord, the 13


of the 11


month (old style), 1690. London, 1891. Vols III. Vol. I. P. 8. (: Fox, Journal I).




18


Fox, Journal I. P. 11.




19


Braithwaite W. C. The Beginnings of Quakerism. P. 43.




20


Fox, Journal I. P. 27.




21


 ,    ,     .               ()   .




22


 :      .




23


Braithwaite W. C. The Beginnings of Quakerism. P. 4547.




24


Fox, Journal I. P. 35.




25


    1640- .,     (    )    .   ,              (  1643 .)    ,     .            ( ),     ,    :    ,    .     ,      (20.04.1653),         .    1660 .         ,         .




26


, ,        , ,           .     .




27


Lamont W. Last Witnesses: the Muggletonian history 16521979. Ashgate, 2006.




28


Davis J. C. Fear, Myth and History: the Ranters and the Historians. Cambridge, 2010.




29


Hill Ch. The World Turned Upside Down. Radical Ideas During the English Revolution. London, 1975. P. 197210.




30


Konnert M. The Family of Love and the Church of England // Renaissance and Reform / Renaissance et Rforme. 1991. Vol. 15. No. 2. P. 139172.




31


Penrhys-Evans N. A. The Family of Love in England. 15501650. Canterbury, 1971.




32


Thune N. The Behmenists and the Philadelphians: A Contribution to the Study of English Mysticism in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries. Uppsala, 1948.




33


Hill Ch. The World Turned Upside Down. P. 151, 161167, 354358.




34


Hill Ch. The World Turned Upside Down. P. 184197.




35


Authobiography of George Fox.        ,       , ,  (quaked), ,  (trembled).




36


Braithwaite W.Ch. The Beginnings of Quakerism. P. 56.




37


Ibid. P. 98110.




38


Ibid. P. 377.




39


Ibid. P. 251255.




40


      ,  , :      ,          .




41


Barklay. Apology. Prop. VII.  3, 6.  (1678),   ,     .      : Barklay R. An Apology for the True Christian Divinity by Robert Barklay, first published in 1678. 120 East Street Rd., G 304. Warmister, PA 18974 www.qhpress.org 2002.




42


Barbour H. The Quakers in Puritan England. New Haven, 1964. P. 156159.




43


         .  ,    ,        ,        ,   100           ,  .




44


  ,          ,       ,       ,        .       .      (16511715),       1711 .: ,        (1714).




45


       : Hat-Homage.




46


-      :  . .     -    XVII . ., 1979.     ,      (Bellers, John, 16541725).       ,      .      ,  ,     .       ,    :   ,                .   2-    . 59100. . . , ,    ,   ,     ,             (. 64).   ,    ,             .     , , , ,  ,  - (. 65) ,   . .  ,      . Ÿ   .  (Vann),     ,  ,            6000 .  :           ,    , , .  ,         ,    :             ,   ,        . , . .  ,            ,  ,         .  ,      , ,  ,   -   .     . .      ,    II:  ,              200500 .,          (. 67).   ,      ,     ,    . -     ,        .   ,     ,      .




47


 . :  . ., 1993. . 93.




48


Bronner E. B. William Penns Holy experiment. The founding of Pennsylvania. 16811701. New York; London, 1962. P. 147148 (  Bronner    ).




49


Braithwaite W.Ch. The Beginnings of Quakerism. P. 335337.




50


     (Bealing)          ;     recording clerk.      1689  1737 .! (Braithwaite W. C. The Second Period of Quakerism. Cambridge, 1961. P. 678).




51


  ,          ,     ,      ,       ,     .




52


 C. .          //   1998. ., 1999. . 13.




53


            : The Papers of William Penn. Gen. /Ed.: R. S. Dunn, M. M. Dunn. Vol. IV. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 19811987.       (PWP     ).  2600  .        : ,        :    ,       .  1975 .         (  )   14 . PVP V. P. 3.




54


PVP V. P. 3.




55


   : Schaff P. Creeds of Christendom, with a History and Critical notes. Vol. I. New York, 1876. P. 682.




56


Smith J. R. A descriptive catalogue of friends books, or Books written by members of the Society of friends, commonly called quakers, from their rise to the present time Vols III. London, 1867.




57


 1995. . 126129.




58


  : Barclay R. Theses Theologicae of Robert Barclay // Creeds of the Churches. A Reader in Christian Doctrine from the Bible to the Present. 3


Ed. /Ed. by J. H. Leith. Louisville, John Knox Press, 1982. P. 323333.




59


     : Barklay R. An Apology for the True Christian Divinity by Robert Barklay, first published in 1678. 120 East Street Rd., G 304. Warmister, PA 18974 www.qhpress.org 2002.




60


  ,     :        ; ,   ,     :     ,  .    ,   ,    .




61


Barklay. Apology. Prop. II. 5.




62


Ibid. Prop. IV. 2.




63


Barklay. Apology. Prop. IV. 4; Prop. V. 18.




64


Ibid. Thesis II. Proposition 6. P. 39.




65


.   -.    ,   ,       ,     .            .   . 15.03.2018                .  , ,         .            ,     ,       .




66


     ,     (19492015),     .




67


          ,   .:  ., .       (18931944). ., 2007.




68


. 1- . 12: 810.




69


Barklay. Apology. Prop. VI. 13.




70


   ,       .     ,    ,           ,   .




71


,        ,       .       .




72


 :  5 . /. . . . . . 4. ., 1967. . 125 ( .    ); . 5. ., 1970. . 156157 ( .    ).




73


          :  .  . ., 1992.       : , ,     ,       .        .




74


          .      .




75


   : Darby J. N. Synopsis of the Books of the Bible. 5vols. New York, 1950.




76


Scofield C. I. Rightly Dividing the Word of Truth. New York, 1907.




77


   Oxford NIV Scofield Study Bible, ed. C. I. Scofield and E. Scuyler English. New York. 1984.




78


    1-    London, Jane Sowle, 1709 // PWP V. P. 412.




79


Winthrops Journal. History of New England. 16301649 / Ed. by J. K. Hosmer. Vols III. London, 1908. Vol. I. P. 195196.




80


   1642 .    ,     .




81


 . :  . . 14.




82


   -:  ,            ,                . . :  . :  . . 48.




83


 IV. C. 197.




84


 . C. 198.




85


Dictionary of American History / Ed. J. T. Adams. 2


ed. New York, 1942. Vols IV. (ee: DAH,     ). DAH IV. P. 477.




86


 IV. C.200.       : Minehan J. R. Quaker persecutions in Massachusetts from 1656 to 1661. Boston, 1931. P. 3237.




87


. :  . :  . . 5152.




88


 IV. . 202. Ÿ      (Dyer, Dyre, . 1688)   1682 .     -.  16821685 .       .   1685 . ,        -  .        .   -     .   1687 .         ,         ,    (   : Dischared)                . Pomfret J. E. The Province of East New Jersey, 16091702. The Rebellious Proprietary. Princeton, 1962. P. 258259.




89


 IV. . 208209.




90


 . . 216. Pestana, Carla Gardina. Quakers and Baptists in colonial Massachusetts. Cambridge (Mass.), 1991.




91


 . .          //  . 1998. ., 1999. . 1011 (  ).




92


 IV. . 224227.




93


      (Bridenbaugh).




94


 IV. . 258.




95


 . . 226230.




96


      ,    .  1957 .        : Peare C. O. William Penn. A Biography. Philadelphia  New York, 1957 (: Peare).            .        : ,    ,  ,      20  1682 .,    ,      ,  (P. 230231)    (P. 2930). Ÿ     ,  ,   ,    ,     . ,     -   ,   1683 .,     ,      -,         (. 266268).  .    : ,  2     (A Youth of Excellent Genius),   5     (Dear George Fox).  12         (The Seed of a Nation);         .            (. 270271).      :    ,       ,     ,                  .         (. 414).

,  . . , ,      : Wildes H. E. William Penn. New York; London, 1974.




97


Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn, Founder of Pennsylvania. New York, [1872]. P. 15.




98


: 1641 ,  1642   ,  1644 -,  1646 -.




99


PWP I. P. 30.      :   675 .   (Byward Street).




100


Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 24.




101


Ibid. P. 27.




102


Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 3133.




103


PWP V. P. 89.




104


Epicedia Academiae Oxoniensis, in Obitum celsissimi Principis Henrici Ducis Glocestrensis. Oxoniae, Typis Lichfieldianis, MDCLX.




105


PWP I. P. 30.




106


Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 3436; Peare. P. 3538.




107


Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 3840.




108


      .




109


,        .   ,     .




110


Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 40.




111


Peare. P. 46.




112


Groom of the Bedchamber.




113


  .   . 06.05.1665 // PWP I. P. 3435.




114


Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 45.




115


Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 47.




116


22 , 14  1666 . ,  .             1666 .




117


Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 5051.




118


PWP I P. 6067.




119


Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 52.




120


PWP I. P. 5153.




121


            .   ,            ,    , ,   ,  . . (PWP I. P. 5455).




122


Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 5354.




123


Collection of the Works of William Penn. Vols III. London, 1726. Vol. I. P. 239248.           1827 .,   -   (Besse, 16831757).     : Besse I  Besse II.    : http://dqc.esr.earlham.edu:8080/xmlmm/loginB?XMLMMToc=E2177021A-002&XMLMMLanguage=English&XMLMMCollection=/earlham&XMLMMReturnURL=http://www.qhpress.org/cgi-bin/catalog.cgi%3Fname%3Dwilliam.penn




124


      ,      -   .   1671 .     (Cautionary Postscript),    :           ,  ,  ,    ,   1675 .            (PWP V. P. 9091).




125


     60   .          20    .




126


BesseI. P. 248266. ,    1812 .,   : https://archive.org/stream/sandyfoundation00meetgoog#page/n66/mode/2up




127


 . .      . ., 2014. . 137.




128


 .   ,        . . 41;   .   4 . . III. ., 1994 (  1903 .). . 146147.




129


 . .    . ., 2005. . 2934.




130


 . .      .   . ., 2007. . 270.




131


 ϸ   (19041963)          (18931944) (1962)                 .       (., 2007)         :       ,    ,        ,    ,         ,     ,        (. 1314).




132


Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 6667.




133


PWP I. P. 82.




134


PWP V. P. II.




135


PWP I. P. 86.




136


Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 7879.




137


        :  ,  .  ,            ,    ,       :  -      , ,      ,    ,    .        .




138


       1981 . P. XXIII.




139


118-   .




140


       ;  - 1845 .: https://archive.org/details/nocrossnocrowndi03penn




141


PWP V. P. 287289.




142


The Harmony of Divine and Heavenly Doctrines; Demonstrated In Sundry Declarations on Variety of Subjects. Preached at the Quakers Meetings In London by William Penn, George Whitehead, Samuel Waldenfield, Benjamin Coole. Taken in Short-hand as it was delivered by them; And now Faithfully Transcribed and Published for the Information of those who by reason of Ignorance may have received a Prejudice against them: By a Lover of that People. London, Printed and Sold by T. Sowle, near the Meeting-House in White-Hart-Court in Gracious Street, 1696.




143


PWP V. P. 431432.




144


Dixon W. H. The Life of William Penn. P. 8081.




145


  : https://archive.org/details/sandyfoundation00penngoog




146


Besse I. P. 266271.




147


PWP V. P. 100101.




148


PWP I. P. 97.




149


PWP V. P. 19.




150


Besse I. P. 467486.




151


     1700 . PWP V. P. 105107.




152


    :  (redemption)




153


Besse I. P. 440442; PWP V. P. 31, 108109.




154


George Gould, ed. Documents Relating to the Settlement of the Church of England by the Act of Uniformity of 1662. London: W. Kent and Company, 1862. P. 491499.




155


  : http://oll.libertyfund.org/titles/893.




156


PWP I. P. 172.




157


PWP I. P. 175177.


