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    ,  .      , ,        ՠ:           ,             .         28%    1990  81%  1998?.       40%  1980? 53% 1990?,    150%   2001,       180%[72 - The World Bank. World Development Indicators. Washington, DC: The World Bank, 2005. Table5.4.].     ,    , ,   젖 ?    ,  -  .     ,       .   ,   -,    1970?.         ,    12     1979   61  1989,      altiplano[73 -   (.). . .].   1998         3,4      . Ѡ 1998,   ,            ,    .   2007        3,2 , ,      , ,  2006?  2,9 .

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150   ,           ,  ,        . Ѡ    1980       /   ,  ( , ,  )   ( , , -  ).        ,          .              .        ,  ,                    1970?   1980?.

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젖    , , ,         . (            .)   XIX      ,      ,        .         ,     ՠ.         ,         .  laissez-faire[86 -      (.). . .]  ,     ,     ,         ,     ,       1930?.

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     ?     ,       ,        ,    ?[89 - Bauman Z., Tester K. Conversations with Zygmunt Bauman. Cambridge: Polity, 2001. P.71.]              ;  ,      ,        /,      .          .       ,   ,          ,    [90 -  . , -, -  -:     // .   : . .: , 2013. .554.].

        .          , ,       ,      ࠖ ,   1960?       .        , ,       ,     [91 -  . ,     . .: ? ? , 2019.].          -      ,      .         ,    ,   1960?.             ,         1975      [92 -            1975;     1972   Suhrkampf.   ,          19631967.].     ,                 [93 - .       : HutcheonL. The Politics of Postmodernism. London: Routledge, 2002; RosenauP.M. Post-Modernism and the Social Sciences. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1991.].                 ,  ,        ,       [94 -       :       ,      ,      - . .: JamesonF. ASingular Modernity. London: Verso, 2002. P.23.].

       ,     19601970?.            ,    cultural studies[95 -    (.). .:  .  . .112.].          .      ,    ,   .     ,     ,      1970?  1980?. , ,        ,       .   ,    ,       -     ().       ꠖ    .     , ,          ,   ,    ,   ,  ,      ,      [96 - Jameson F. A Singular Modernity. P.1.      ,         ,     ,   ?].

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    .            ()          ,         .            ;         ,   2000?     ,      㠖 [98 - .: Bron A., Lechini G. (comp.). Pol?ticas y movimientos sociales en un mundo hegemnico. Buenos Aires: CLACSO, 2007.].     ,          ()  -        .           ,     ,   ,       .           ,             , ,     [99 - Canclini N.G. Culturas H?bridas. Mexico: Editorial Paids, 2002; IanniO. Asociedade global. Rio de Janeiro: Civiliza??o Brasilera, 1992; OrtizR. Mundializacao e cultura. S?o Paulo: Brasiliense, 1994.].

     ,         ..             .      [100 -  ,  ,    : ScottJ. Weapons of the Weak. New Haven; London: Yale University Press, 1985. . : ScottJ. Domination and the Arts of Resistance: Hidden Transcripts. Yale: Yale University Press, 1992; .   .         . .:  , 2005.].            .  ,        ,   ,   ,     .

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   () 2000?              ,       .      ,  Ԡ  ,   ,        20 ,       .          .          ,           2001          ,     LaMonde Diplomatique[101 - Cassen B. On the Attack// New Left Review. January-February 2003. No.19. P.4162.].          -  ---,    () [()]  ,          ATTAC.     ,            -      .          ,   , ,  ,          [102 - .: Sousa Santos de B. The World Social Forum and the Global Left// Politics & Society. 2008. Vol. 36. No. 2. P. 247270; Whitaker C. Crossroads do not always close roads. <http://www.openspaceforum.net/twiki/tiki-print_article.php?articleId=496> (  12.08.2020).].

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