  ,  ,   
 


         (16321704),            :    ,      .    ,           .         Epistola de Tolerantia,       .                .          ,                 .

   ,         XVII .





 

  ,  ,   








 1973.         ()       .          ,         .   .     ,        .   ,    -  ,    ,        ,    .       ?  . ,   ?     ,   ,      .

           :       ,        .       34 ,    ,       .        ,                     1960- ., ..           .

 2007.    ,  ,  ,  ,     .             . -,      .       ,  , ,  ,             ,        XVII   XXI.,      , ,   .      ,     ,       , ..   ,   ,   , .

    ,            ,       5060 .      ,        ,   .       :  ,    ,      ,        ,      .        ,          ;      ,    ,    ,    .. ..

  ,          ,     ,    ,           .

,      ,      .      ,      ,          -, ,    ,          ,     ,         .

      ,   .         ,    ,       .  ,     ,     ,        .       ,      ,         .               ,       ,   -     ,          .      ,                  ,         , , .     (   )   .                .

 1976.         .     ,         , ..                ,      --   .           .              ,      . ,  ,     ..  ,  ,     ,                  - .                 .        , ,        [1 -             ,  .  ,            ,     ,   ,   ,    XVII.   ,            - ,   1991.].           .

              , ,      ,     ,  ,      ,   ,    - .

 -               ,          ,     .        ... ,           .      (,    )    - . ,           (,   ,   ,     .. ..),      ,         .

  ,        - ,   .    ,   ,     ,    ,        .      ,      ,  ,  ,   ,     .

 ,   ,    .           ,    .         .    ,     .              ,      .             -.

      .         .        ,     .  ,         ,    . ,      ,   ,    ,      [2 -               . ,           1706.].   ,  ,     ,     ,       -    .

     ,        .         ,    ,     .  ,           ,  ,    ,            ,     .

   -               .       ,      ,         . ,       - ,      ,   ,     .

       .             .            ,       ,       .         .      ,     ,          ,       .

  ,        ,   ,     .                ,   , ,     ,       ,     .     ,     -    ,      -  .          ,     .

 ,      .         ,          . ,   ,               .

       ,  .               .     ,    .

   ,       ,   . ,   ,    - ,  .


* * *

           ,          ,     .        ,    .             ,   .              ,      .

 2007 2012.,

-




 I    





,       


, !    .

 ,   ,   ,  ,    .  ,   ,     .      ,      ,  ,  ,    .      ,     ;        .     ,    ;  ,    ;   (      )  ,  ,  ,  .   ,    , ,        1632,  29-,       1704,  28-.

,      ,    .     ,           ,    ,        1695.,       1704.  , 3     (  25- )     (   [3 -  ,     ,      ,    ,       1681. .   1691.    -,          ( ).              .      .               .     :     ( Discourse concerning the Love of God, 1696)         (Occasional Thoughts in Reference to a Virtuous or Christian Life, 1705).])  () ,  1500          1  200 .            (    ,       )      -  (17251733),      1728.,    (    1838.)[4 -   ,        , ,      ,        (An Enquiry into the Constitution, Discipline, Unity & Worship of the Primitive Church that flourished within the first Three Hundred Years after Christ, London, 1691),        .  1680- .       ,  1690- .          .].    ,       12  [5 -        100,   ,       {Goldie . The Life of John Locke // The Continuum Companion to Locke / Ed. by S.-J. Savonius-Wroth, P. Schuurman, J.Walmsley. London;N.Y.: Continuum International Publishing Group, 2010. P. 34).   ,       1690- .    -    .],   ,     (        )            .

     ,     , ,        .   (  ),  15  1704.,        ,    (,      ,    ,     , ..  ).    . 6 1703.   -            . 4 1703. ,      ,          ,      ,         .   ,  20  1703. :   ,    ,     [6 - The Correspondence of John Locke. Vol. VII / Ed. by E.S. de Beer. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982. P.743744, 764.].            :        ,            [7 - The Correspondence of John Locke. Vol. VIII / Ed. by E.S. de Beer. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989. P. 425.].

     ,    .         .    1714.                   , [8 - [Le Clerc J.] An Account of the Life and Writings of John Locke Esq.; The Third Edition Enlarged, 1714. P.2934.].      (,   ,                     ,  Nouvelles de la Republique des Lettres,  10  1704.;    Nouvelles   ).              .    1989.[9 - The Correspondence of John Locke. Vol. VIII / Ed. by E.S. de Beer. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989. P.419427.]      ,     (B.L., MS. Locke b.5, item no 14).      .

         4  1704.     25 ,         ,      .

  ,     ,    ,       .  27  1704.         .   ,     28  1704.,       .               -,      .      .       ,     .

        ,            : 1)       ; 2)   ; 3)   [10 -   conduct             .    ,  , ,  ,  ,  ,   ,  ..  ,      ,    .] (conduct) ; 4)     Physica; 5)      . .    ,    .      1706.    -        : (i)   , (ii)          , (iii)   , (iv)     , (v) ,   ,   ,   (vi)     (    )[11 - Posthumous Works of Mr. John Locke: viz. I. Of the Conduct of the Understanding. II. An Examination of P. Malebranches opinion of Seeing all things in God. III. A Discourse of Miracles. IV. Part of a Fourth Letter for Toleration. V. Memoirs relating to the Life of Anthony, first Earl of Shaftesbury. To which is added VI. His New Method of a Common-Place-Book, written originally in French and now translated into English. London, 1706.].

      .         17051707.  ,   ,       .      ,        1742.,           .  ,  ,    ,         ,    Physica,      .

 ,   ,     ,   ,  .      ,   ,             ,        (   ),         (   ),  ,  ,     -,     ,     -   ,      .

 ,   ,         1942.,            .                1919.,         ,     1942.     -.  1946.       [12 -    .: Locke J. Essays on the Law of Nature /Ed. by W. von Leyden. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1954.],   1947.              -.

              [13 - Understanding    ,   -  ,    .        ,                  ,   .  ,      understanding  .        .].  1935.      ,     (1830)    ,   ,      ,     [14 - King P. The Life of John Locke, with Extracts from his Correspondence, Journals, and Common-place Books. London: Colburn and Bentley, 1830.],           ,  ,     1931.[15 - Locke J. An Essay concerning the Understanding, Knowledge, Opinion, and As sent /Ed. by B.Rand. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1931.] (    »),        .               ,   .

    ,      ,      .     , ,        .               ,  ,   .      , , ,     ,       1936.     .     . .,       ,    .     . ,         ,  ,          ,      ,    ,      ,    ,   -       ,      .

  ,          ,         ,         .  ,     660         ,   1932.            .          660    1936.     -        ,      .  1942.,        ,           .               ,   1962.     -.

         ,      3000 ,    ,      (38),   1000 .     ,    - 1956.      ,    2600       140      .         3650 ,  1000   ,    .  ,  ,   350 [16 - .: De Beer . S. The Correspondence of John Locke // A Locke Miscellany: Locke Biography and Criticism for All / Ed. by Jean S. Yolton. Bristol: Thoemmes Antiquarian Books, 1990. P. 217.       The Times Literary Supplement, 16 July 1971. P.837838.].       ,       ,    , , , , , , .       1959.      . [17 - Long P. A Summary Catalogue of the Lovelace Collection of the Papers of John Locke in the Bodleian Library. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1958.].

        ,   50- .  .  ,      [18 -       : LaslettP. The Recovery of Lockes Library //The Philosophical Canon in the 17th and 18th Centuries: Essays in Honour of John W. Yolton / Ed. by G.A.J. Rogers and S. Tomaselli. Rochester: Rochester University Press, 1996.].              .      ,        ,             .  ,       ,        .

    .  1948. ,  ,        , ,       ,           2000 ,         [19 - .: Craster E. John Lockes Papers // A Locke Miscellany: Locke Biography and Criticism for All / Ed. by Jean S. Yolton. Bristol: Thoemmes Antiquarian Books, 1990. P. 148. . : The Times. 1948. January 12. P. 5, 10.].

         ,        ,  ,    ,          .   ,     ,        1951.,        --     -.     ,   ,    ,      ,     ,  .

          660       . ,    ,   ,      ,       ,      .    ,         (    ),  -    ,        .

       1950- .   .     ,       .         (         )  ,     1960  1963.  ,  -    ,        -  , ,      ,    .   ,        ,         ,         ,  .  ,  ,     ,   .   ,    , -   ,           1930-  1950- .           .

     ,        ,   [20 - Harrison J.R., Laslett . The Library of John Locke. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1965 (2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1971).].     ,    3641 , ,               ,    ,     4000 .

              . ,  ,        ;       ,     ,  ,   .    ,   16581667.     46,6%,     (16,4%)   (15,4%),          (23,8%),  , ,  , ,      6,5  ,1%[21 - .: Ashcraft R. John Lockes Library: Portrait of an Intellectual // A Locke Mis cellany: Locke Biography and Criticism for All / Ed. by Jean S.Yolton. Bristol: Thoemmes Antiquarian Books, 1990. P.226245. . : Ashcraft R. John Lockes Library: Portrait of an Intellectual //Transactions of the Cambridge Bibliographical Society. 1969. Vol. 5. No. 1. P.4760; 11-tonJ.R. Locke at Oxford // Lockes Philosophy: Content and Context / Ed. by G.A.J. Rogers. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994. P. 36.].

                   1950- .,        .          :    ,    ,        .        ,  ,  ,      .

       1950- .,       .                 ,       .     .       (1954)5         (1956)      :  (1957)[22 - YoltonJ. W. John Locke and the Way of Ideas. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1956; Cranston M. John Locke: A Biography. London: Longmans, Green and Co, 1957.]*

                    ,                 XVII.       1960.        ,       [23 - Locke J. Two Treatises of Government / Ed. by P. Laslett. Cambridge: Cam bridge University Press, 1960.].

,   1950- .,        ,     ,   ,        .     , ,    ,                 .  1960- .       .   :    (1969)[24 - John Locke: Problems & Perspectives. A Collection of New Essays / Ed. by J.W. Yolton. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1969.],          ,     ,  ,   ,  .

  1975.   ,    -,       :         (1975;   1979.);        .   (19761989; ,   ,        );      .      (1987);            (1989);         (  , 1991);      - (iggg);       (2002);          , 16671683        (2006);        (2012)[25 - Locke J. An Essay concerning Human Understanding / Ed. by P. H. Nidditch.Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1975; 1979; The Correspondence of John Locke. Vols. IVIII / Ed. by E.S. de Beer. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 19761989; Locke J. A Paraphrase and Notes on the Epistles of St Paul / Ed. by A. W. Wainwright. Vols. 12. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1987; Locke J. Some Thoughts concerning Education /Ed. by J.W. Yolton, and J. S. Yolton. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989; Locke on Money. Vols. I  11 / Ed. by P. H. Kelly. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1991; Locke J. The Reasonableness of Christianity, As delivered in the Scriptures / Ed. by J. Higgins-Biddle. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1999; Locke J. Writings on Religion / Ed. by V. Nuovo. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2002; Locke J. An Essay concerning Toleration and Other Writings on Law and Politics, 16671683 / Ed. by J. R. Milton and Ph. Milton. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2006; Locke J. Vindications of the Reasonableness of Christianity /Ed. by V. Nuovo. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2012.].

            ,       (18)[26 - Hall R. and Woolhouse R. 80 Years of Locke Scholarship: A Bibliographical Guide. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1983.]


   (1985.    )[27 - AttigJ. C. The Works of John Locke: A Comprehensive Bibliography from the Sev enteenth Century to the Present. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1985. URL: http: www. libraries, psu.edu/tas/locke.]    (1998)[28 - Yolton Jean S. John Locke: A Descriptive Bibliography. Bristol: Thoemmes Press, 1998.].  1970.       ,  , Locke Newsletter (19701999),  2000.   Locke Studies.

 ,      ,  ,  ,  ,  . . ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  , - -. ,         ,       .

 ,  ,    1950- .     ,          ,    -      .

 ,   ,         XVIII.,    ,       . ,  ,     .          ,    ,        ,          .    1706.        -     [29 - Some Familiar Letters between Mr. Locke, and several of his Friends. London, 1706.].              .

    ,    ,        .    1829.   ,   ,    ,     ,    (  1858.),     .             ,     (-) (1876)[30 - Fox Bourne . R. The Life of John Locke. Vols. III. London: Henry S. King & Co, 1876.],        .       .  1927.         [31 - Rand . The Correspondence of John Locke and Edward Clarke. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1927.],   1931.    »    .            1936.    [32 - An Early Draft of Lockes Essay together with Excerpts from his Journals / Ed. by R. Aaron and J. Gibb. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1936.].              (  1937 .)[33 - Aaron R. /.John Locke. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1937.]      ,      .  (1953)  ,       16751679[34 - Lockes Travels in France, 16751679, As related in his Journals, Correspond ence & other papers / Ed. by J. Lough. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1953.].


* * *

      ,    ,     XVIII.     ,      .       ,     ,              ,     ,         .

 ,           .       - ,          ,   1720.   ,   ,      1720.     ,        [35 - A Collection of Several Pieces of Mr. John Locke, Never before Printed, or not Extant in his Works. Ed. Pierre Desmaizeaux. London, 1720.        ,      ,    (  ), , -,            .].     1739.      .                .

     ,        .         ,       ,       .              [36 - The Works of John Locke. In Three Volumes. London, 1714; 2nd ed. 1722, 3d 1727, 4th 1740, 10th 1801.].          XVIII.    ,          .   1751.                     (1824),        .

      :    (The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina, 1669/1670)         ( Letter from a Person of Quality, to His Friend in the Country, 1675)[37 - The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina // The Works of John Locke. Vol. IX. London, 1824; Locke J. A Letter from a Person of Quality to his Friend in the Country; giving an Account of the Debates and Resolutions of the House of Lords, in April and May, 1675, concerning a Bill, intitled, an Act to prevent the Dangers which may arise from Persons disaffected to the Government //The Works of John Locke. Vol. IX. London, 1824.].

             ,   ,    , ,  ,   . [38 - Milton J. R. John Locke and the Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina // Locke Newsletter. 1990. No. 21.],     .       :         ;         [39 - The Correspondence of John Locke. Vol. II / Ed. by E.S. de Beer. Oxford: Clar endon Press, 1976. P. 664.].       ,            [40 - AttigJ. C. The Works of John Locke: A Comprehensive Bibliography from the Seventeenth Century to the Present. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1985. p. 7.].             ,     .   ,       ,  ,       ,   ,  , .          ,      ,    [41 - Milton J. R. and Milton Ph. General Introduction // Locke, J.An Essay concern ing Toleration, and Other Writings on Law and Politics, 16671683 / Ed. by J. R. Milton and Ph. Milton. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2006. P. 114.].

  . ,  ,     ,   []  ,    ,  ,   ,        ,      . ,    ,    :        ,          [42 - Ibid. P. 97.].

       ,         .      15  1704. (  )    .  ,             ,        .  :            ,      [43 - Laslett P. Introduction // Locke, J. Two Treatises of Government / Ed. by P. Laslett. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. P. 4.].      ,   . ,   ,     Epistola de Tolerantia,                .

   Epistola      .      ,    (.. ,   ),      ,            黠  .  ,      ,          ,       ,      .         .

        .       .  ,           ,    ,     (!).

        ,       ,   .      ,      .        ,     ,      .

            ,    .  . [44 - Locke J. Political Writings / Ed. by D.Wootton. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, 2003; Locke J. Political Essays / Ed. by M. Goldie. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.].      ,        ,       ໠    ,       .                .  ,    ,        ,   . ?

  ,   ,      ,       -         . ,           ,       .

    ,         ,    .  , ,               ,  ,      ,                  .     ,   ,       .        .

     ? ,  , . ,   , .     .

 1871.     ,  . . ,           28  / 8  1684.[45 - .: The Correspondence of John Locke. Vol. II / Ed. by E.S. de Beer. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1976. P.661666.]        ,     ,       . -         .      :

  ,    ,   ,     ,          ,     ,            .  ,                         ,    ,   (    ,   ),   ,           ,       ,  . <>       ,        ,      . ,     ,    [46 - -    (1654),  II (1660),   (1662). .: Locke J. Political Essays / Ed. by M. Goldie. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. P. 20104, 20911. ,   1684.    ,    .],      .           ,       ,           , ,   .        ,       -   ,     ,      , ,   [47 -      , ,          ,    .].

      .   22  1684/1  1685.[48 - The Correspondence of John Locke. Vol. II / Ed. by E.S. de Beer. Oxford: Clar endon Press, 1976. P.671675.]

,          .   .  ,   [49 - Haley K.H.D. The First Earl of Shaftesbury. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1968. P.392393.  no: Milton, J.R., and Milton, Ph. General Introduction // Locke J. An Essay concerning Toleration and Other Writings on Law and Politics, 16671683 /Ed. byJ.R. Milton and Ph. Milton. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2006. P. 112.]. .,             ,     .  ,     ,       ,             , -  [50 - AshcraftR. Revolutionary Politics & Lockes Two Treatises of Government. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986. P. 121.].   .,   ,     .        1680- .        ,            ,      ,        ,         ,            .

 ,  ,   ,        .      ,       .

  :            :       ,     ,      .            ,            ,    ,    ,     ,      [51 - The Correspondence of John Locke. Vol. II / Ed. by E.S. de Beer. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1976. P. 663.].

  ,              ,  ,  ,          ,       ,   .

 ,   -                      .        ,     -, ..  1670- .       ?   ,      ,  ,       :         [52 - .: Milton J. R. Shaftesbury, First Earl, 16211683 //The Continuum Compan ion to Locke. Ed. by S.J. Savonius-Wroth-Wroth, P. Schuurman, J. Walmsley. London  N.Y.: Continuum International Publishing Group, 2010.],                 [53 - Milton J. The Unscholastic Statesman: Locke and the Earl of Shaftesbury // An thony Ashley Cooper, First Earl of Shaftesbury, 16211683 /Ed. byj. Spurr. Farnham: Ashgate Publishing, 2011. P.177178.].  ,             ,       .        ,       ,          .

            .   ,     (    ?),    ,        -          .        ,  ,        ,        . :          ,      .

    ,           .           -׸   1684.   : 1)   16601662.,       -׸  ; 2)  ,        ; 3)    1667.      ,           (.. )    ; 4)             1681. (    -     ).

 ,                      .        .        !                ,         ,    ,   -   ,    ,          1670-   1680- .

       ,          ,    ,                1970-2000- .

  ,   ,        (     ),    ,             .




   


               ,      ,    1960.[54 - Locke J. Two Treatises of Government / Ed. by P. Laslett. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.  1988.   ,    2-  1967.,       ,       1970-1980- .     .]   ,    ,    ,       ,    ,  ,                  II.

   ,  ,  ,  ,  Eloge,   ,   .    ,     ,          [55 - Laslett . Introduction // Locke, J.Two Treatises of Government / Ed. by P. Las lett. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. P. 37.].              ,    ,               .              .      1666.,    ,     ,   ,    1660.,    ,      I,   , ,   ,      ,       ,          .

     ,   .       ,  ,            ,   1690.:    []         .  :     ,         [56 - Ibid. . 38.].               ,  ,    .     ,          , ,   ,    [57 - Ibid. .3839.].

                ,   ,  25  1703.                      , ,  , :        ,   ,     蓻[58 - The Correspondence of John Locke. Vol. VIII / Ed. by E.S. de Beer. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1981. P. 56, 58.].  :               ,          .    ,   ,              ,        - ,    . , , ,       .       , ,   ,   ?[59 - Laslett . Introduction // Locke J. Two Treatises of Government / Ed. by P. Laslett. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. P. 3.]  ,              ,      (Some Thoughts concerning Reading and Study for a Gentleman,        )[60 - .: Locke J. Some Thoughts Concerning Reading and Study for a Gentleman // Locke J. Political Essays / Ed. by M. Goldie. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.].

  ,  ,    ,      ,       ,   ,   ,         ( ).           .

  ,               ,   (      ),               16881689.,       ,    .  ,         ,   ,           .   , ,       ,              1670-1680- .         .

      ,       . ,  ,         ,             ,     ,              ,   .   ,          .  ,    ,   [61 - Cranston . John Locke and the Case for Toleration // John Locke: A Letter con cerning Toleration in Focus / Ed. by J. Horton and S. Mendus. London and N.Y.: Routledge, 1991. P. 79.],     [62 - Parry G. John Locke. N.Y.: Routledge, 1978. P. 5.],   [63 - Lloyd Thomas D. A. Locke on Government. London and N.Y.: Routledge, 1995. P. 3.],   [64 - Haley K.H.D. The First Earl of Shaftesbury. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1968. P. 215.],    ,    [65 - Dunn J. The Political Thought of John Locke: An Historical Account of the Argument of the Two Treatises of Government.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1969. P. 29, 212.], ,   [66 - Kenyon J. P. Stuart England. London: Penguin Books, 1978. P. 8.].

   ,       ,    : ,   ,    -,          .   ,           ,          .

  ,    ,       ,     .     -    ,           .  ,      ,   ,      ,       ,     .      : ,      1668. ,        -,      1681.      ,       ,   ,   ,    [67 - Milton J. The Unscholastic Statesman: Locke and the Earl of Shaftesbury // Anthony Ashley Cooper, First Earl of Shaftesbury, 16211683 /Ed. byj. Spurr. Farnham: Ashgate Publishing, 2011. P. 180.].

 ,            ,  , ,           .   .


* * *

    22  1621. ,    .    ,  ,    ,     -.  1639.    -    ,          ,   ,   ,                .

          - ,     ,       ,  ,   1644.,    ,   , ,   ,         .  ,      ,   ,   ,   .

    1650.      .        ,    .     I       ,    (  commissioner)      .   1650.        .  1652.      ,    , ,     .  1653.,      ,       (   , ) ,          .   1653.,    ,       ,       .

           ,         -      .    ,    ,        ,        ,  ,        .   ,  , ,   ,     ,     .       .

  1654.         .   ,         ;      ,  ,   ,      ,       ,       .      ,                -.

  /  -      1654.  ,      ,      .        ,      -.   1654.       (  I,    ),      ,    II,         -.         ,  ,   (     )    ,    .        ,      ,    1655.  ,     ,       ,         .

 1655.  ,     ,   ,         .          (     1662.).   1656.        ,            .  1657.         ,          . 28  1658.      ,       ,       ,        .

         ,    ,           , ,           .            ,       1649.*              .

         .             .   ,     ,  ,       - . (      .)  ,      ,   ,  16                 ,              .

         ,      .   1660.          .    1660.   [68 -               ( 1665.).]     .      ,      ,       ,       .             ,    ,     .

27  1660.     ,     (   ),      ,      .   1661.      ,      .  16601667.,  -  ,    ,              ,    ( )  .

 1662.         ,  1664.      ,   1665.   ,      .         .

      16641667. ,  ,   1666.,           ,  II   ,   (Cabal)        (        ), , ,   .

 1670.  II      (       )   XIV,          2       6            ,            .          ,       .

   ,             . ,  ,     -,      .      2  1672.   , ,       ,                (,   , 1668.).

  15  1672.    -       ,          .          , ,    II,   .                 . ,      ,      .         1500  (939 , 458   210 ),    .    500 ,     .     1672.  .

   ,     1672.         ,    ,   .    ,       ,     1660.         (,      )        ,     -  .        ,      1661.,         (..     ).  ,    ,     (       )      .

       1672.       ,    ,  ,  ,    ,      .   ,        ,   ,  , .           ,   ,    ,    .         -,   -.         1672.,        1673.

                .   ,   ,      VIII.   1535.     ,    1534.   ,  ,       . ,   ,     ,   1536.   1535.         ,   1536.   ,        .

         ,     ,          .             .                 .     1559.    ,   ,          , ,        ,       (..  ).

  1672.       ,              ,     .

  1673.,         ,    ,  ,    ,   녻,     :    ,      ,   10   ,           ,    [69 - .: Seaward P. Shaftesbury and the Royal Supremacy // Anthony Ashley Cooper, First Earl of Shaftesbury: 16211683 / Ed. by J. Spurr. Farnham: Ashgate Publishing, 2011. P. 64.].   1673.     II   .    1673.         ,             ,        .          :        ,    .

    ,           ,     ,       ,              .            ,          -    ,   II   1674.       ,            .  ,  1678.      ,           .

   -   1673.,         , ,       ,       .

    ,    1673. -  ,        .   1674   1675.                    .

               .              ,     ,      .  ,    1675. ,   ,    (  ),    ,    ,        ,   .  ,     -    .

     1675.   .  ,        ,    ,           ,    ,       ,     . ,  ,   ,        ,     ,               .

               .       ,        ,   ,      . ,         (,   )  ,     ,   ,     [70 - ,    ,    III  ,    1664.    .].      ,      ,    ,  ,    ,   .           .

            ,  ,    1674.   ,       .  ,       ,   ,    .  1677.                 ,   1678.,    ,         .            (.. ),         , ,   ,         ,       1559.

    ,             .          ,     . ,            .   1678.      ,      ,   ,    ,      (           )       .  1679.          ,   , ,        1673.

          -?      1673.     ,        ,             - .

         II        .   1670.       .   1672.     .   1672.,      - ,        .   1672.         .   1673.       -,     ,     ,       ,           ,       .

   ,   ,         , ,     (, ,     ,       ,    ,  ,       ).          1660  1674.        ,    , ,    ,               .

          .  1674.         ,         .   , , ,      ,             ,     /       /          .      ,            .   1674.      .

            .  ,         .   1675.    ,      -.       ,      (        ),     ,          ,   jure divino,       ,      ,               ,    ,           .  ,   ,  -,     ,   -   .       ,                 [71 - .: Locke J. Political Essays /Ed. by M. Goldie. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. P.360365.].

,  ,             ,                                     . ,        , ,    ,        ,  ,  ,  ,     ,     .

 , ,  , , ,             , -  ;          .        , ,     ,     ,            .

  1676.    ,              .           .   ,    ,    ,   ,    ,            1641.   ,      1640- ., ,   ,   .

 ,           ,            .     ,  ,         (     ,     ),             .    ,   ,          ,       ,          .

15  1677.,       , , ,        ,  ,    ,       .             .        ,      25  1678.,            ,     .

      1678.       II             ,          .

  ,           ,     ,       ,       ,     , ,        - .      , ,   ,      XIV.

  1679.    ,         .         ,     .    1679.                .      ,  II       ,        ,    1679.                , , ,       .

,    ,      ,   1679.  ,      .  16781679.           , ,   ,             .   ,        II   ,             .

              .      (          1680.   1681.),  ,     ,  .        ,     ,     1593.   .      ,          ,   ,    ,      .  ,    ,    .

     軠     ,        - (whiggamores)       (toraighe).            ,              .       ,    , ,    ,       ,    ,      ,               .   ,         ,     .

      1675.,    1690- .      ,           ,  , , , ,  ,  ,   ,   .




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/anatoliy-yakovlev/zaveschanie-dzhona-lokka-priverzhenca-mira-filosofa-i-anglichanina/)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


            ,  .  ,            ,     ,   ,   ,    XVII.   ,            - ,   1991.




2


              . ,           1706.




3


 ,     ,      ,    ,       1681. .   1691.    -,          ( ).              .      .               .     :     ( Discourse concerning the Love of God, 1696)         (Occasional Thoughts in Reference to a Virtuous or Christian Life, 1705).




4


  ,        , ,      ,        (An Enquiry into the Constitution, Discipline, Unity & Worship of the Primitive Church that flourished within the first Three Hundred Years after Christ, London, 1691),        .  1680- .       ,  1690- .          .




5


       100,   ,       {Goldie . The Life of John Locke // The Continuum Companion to Locke / Ed. by S.-J. Savonius-Wroth, P. Schuurman, J.Walmsley. London;N.Y.: Continuum International Publishing Group, 2010. P. 34).   ,       1690- .    -    .




6


The Correspondence of John Locke. Vol. VII / Ed. by E.S. de Beer. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982. P.743744, 764.




7


The Correspondence of John Locke. Vol. VIII / Ed. by E.S. de Beer. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989. P. 425.




8


[Le Clerc J.] An Account of the Life and Writings of John Locke Esq.; The Third Edition Enlarged, 1714. P.2934.




9


The Correspondence of John Locke. Vol. VIII / Ed. by E.S. de Beer. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989. P.419427.




10


  conduct             .    ,  , ,  ,  ,  ,   ,  ..  ,      ,    .




11


Posthumous Works of Mr. John Locke: viz. I. Of the Conduct of the Understanding. II. An Examination of P. Malebranches opinion of Seeing all things in God. III. A Discourse of Miracles. IV. Part of a Fourth Letter for Toleration. V. Memoirs relating to the Life of Anthony, first Earl of Shaftesbury. To which is added VI. His New Method of a Common-Place-Book, written originally in French and now translated into English. London, 1706.




12


   .: Locke J. Essays on the Law of Nature /Ed. by W. von Leyden. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1954.




13


Understanding    ,   -  ,    .        ,                  ,   .  ,      understanding  .        .




14


King P. The Life of John Locke, with Extracts from his Correspondence, Journals, and Common-place Books. London: Colburn and Bentley, 1830.




15


Locke J. An Essay concerning the Understanding, Knowledge, Opinion, and As sent /Ed. by B.Rand. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1931.




16


.: De Beer . S. The Correspondence of John Locke // A Locke Miscellany: Locke Biography and Criticism for All / Ed. by Jean S. Yolton. Bristol: Thoemmes Antiquarian Books, 1990. P. 217.       The Times Literary Supplement, 16 July 1971. P.837838.




17


Long P. A Summary Catalogue of the Lovelace Collection of the Papers of John Locke in the Bodleian Library. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1958.




18


      : LaslettP. The Recovery of Lockes Library //The Philosophical Canon in the 17th and 18th Centuries: Essays in Honour of John W. Yolton / Ed. by G.A.J. Rogers and S. Tomaselli. Rochester: Rochester University Press, 1996.




19


.: Craster E. John Lockes Papers // A Locke Miscellany: Locke Biography and Criticism for All / Ed. by Jean S. Yolton. Bristol: Thoemmes Antiquarian Books, 1990. P. 148. . : The Times. 1948. January 12. P. 5, 10.




20


Harrison J.R., Laslett . The Library of John Locke. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1965 (2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1971).




21


.: Ashcraft R. John Lockes Library: Portrait of an Intellectual // A Locke Mis cellany: Locke Biography and Criticism for All / Ed. by Jean S.Yolton. Bristol: Thoemmes Antiquarian Books, 1990. P.226245. . : Ashcraft R. John Lockes Library: Portrait of an Intellectual //Transactions of the Cambridge Bibliographical Society. 1969. Vol. 5. No. 1. P.4760; 11-tonJ.R. Locke at Oxford // Lockes Philosophy: Content and Context / Ed. by G.A.J. Rogers. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994. P. 36.




22


YoltonJ. W. John Locke and the Way of Ideas. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1956; Cranston M. John Locke: A Biography. London: Longmans, Green and Co, 1957.




23


Locke J. Two Treatises of Government / Ed. by P. Laslett. Cambridge: Cam bridge University Press, 1960.




24


John Locke: Problems & Perspectives. A Collection of New Essays / Ed. by J.W. Yolton. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1969.




25


Locke J. An Essay concerning Human Understanding / Ed. by P. H. Nidditch.

Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1975; 1979; The Correspondence of John Locke. Vols. IVIII / Ed. by E.S. de Beer. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 19761989; Locke J. A Paraphrase and Notes on the Epistles of St Paul / Ed. by A. W. Wainwright. Vols. 12. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1987; Locke J. Some Thoughts concerning Education /Ed. by J.W. Yolton, and J. S. Yolton. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989; Locke on Money. Vols. I  11 / Ed. by P. H. Kelly. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1991; Locke J. The Reasonableness of Christianity, As delivered in the Scriptures / Ed. by J. Higgins-Biddle. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1999; Locke J. Writings on Religion / Ed. by V. Nuovo. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2002; Locke J. An Essay concerning Toleration and Other Writings on Law and Politics, 16671683 / Ed. by J. R. Milton and Ph. Milton. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2006; Locke J. Vindications of the Reasonableness of Christianity /Ed. by V. Nuovo. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2012.




26


Hall R. and Woolhouse R. 80 Years of Locke Scholarship: A Bibliographical Guide. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1983.




27


AttigJ. C. The Works of John Locke: A Comprehensive Bibliography from the Sev enteenth Century to the Present. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1985. URL: http: www. libraries, psu.edu/tas/locke.




28


Yolton Jean S. John Locke: A Descriptive Bibliography. Bristol: Thoemmes Press, 1998.




29


Some Familiar Letters between Mr. Locke, and several of his Friends. London, 1706.




30


Fox Bourne . R. The Life of John Locke. Vols. III. London: Henry S. King & Co, 1876.




31


Rand . The Correspondence of John Locke and Edward Clarke. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1927.




32


An Early Draft of Lockes Essay together with Excerpts from his Journals / Ed. by R. Aaron and J. Gibb. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1936.




33


Aaron R. /.John Locke. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1937.




34


Lockes Travels in France, 16751679, As related in his Journals, Correspond ence & other papers / Ed. by J. Lough. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1953.




35


A Collection of Several Pieces of Mr. John Locke, Never before Printed, or not Extant in his Works. Ed. Pierre Desmaizeaux. London, 1720.        ,      ,    (  ), , -,            .




36


The Works of John Locke. In Three Volumes. London, 1714; 2nd ed. 1722, 3d 1727, 4th 1740, 10th 1801.




37


The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina // The Works of John Locke. Vol. IX. London, 1824; Locke J. A Letter from a Person of Quality to his Friend in the Country; giving an Account of the Debates and Resolutions of the House of Lords, in April and May, 1675, concerning a Bill, intitled, an Act to prevent the Dangers which may arise from Persons disaffected to the Government //The Works of John Locke. Vol. IX. London, 1824.




38


Milton J. R. John Locke and the Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina // Locke Newsletter. 1990. No. 21.




39


The Correspondence of John Locke. Vol. II / Ed. by E.S. de Beer. Oxford: Clar endon Press, 1976. P. 664.




40


AttigJ. C. The Works of John Locke: A Comprehensive Bibliography from the Seventeenth Century to the Present. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1985. p. 7.




41


Milton J. R. and Milton Ph. General Introduction // Locke, J.An Essay concern ing Toleration, and Other Writings on Law and Politics, 16671683 / Ed. by J. R. Milton and Ph. Milton. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2006. P. 114.




42


Ibid. P. 97.




43


Laslett P. Introduction // Locke, J. Two Treatises of Government / Ed. by P. Laslett. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. P. 4.




44


Locke J. Political Writings / Ed. by D.Wootton. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, 2003; Locke J. Political Essays / Ed. by M. Goldie. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.




45


.: The Correspondence of John Locke. Vol. II / Ed. by E.S. de Beer. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1976. P.661666.




46


-    (1654),  II (1660),   (1662). .: Locke J. Political Essays / Ed. by M. Goldie. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. P. 20104, 20911. ,   1684.    ,    .




47


     , ,          ,    .




48


The Correspondence of John Locke. Vol. II / Ed. by E.S. de Beer. Oxford: Clar endon Press, 1976. P.671675.




49


Haley K.H.D. The First Earl of Shaftesbury. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1968. P.392393.  no: Milton, J.R., and Milton, Ph. General Introduction // Locke J. An Essay concerning Toleration and Other Writings on Law and Politics, 16671683 /Ed. byJ.R. Milton and Ph. Milton. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2006. P. 112.




50


AshcraftR. Revolutionary Politics & Lockes Two Treatises of Government. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986. P. 121.




51


The Correspondence of John Locke. Vol. II / Ed. by E.S. de Beer. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1976. P. 663.




52


.: Milton J. R. Shaftesbury, First Earl, 16211683 //The Continuum Compan ion to Locke. Ed. by S.J. Savonius-Wroth-Wroth, P. Schuurman, J. Walmsley. London  N.Y.: Continuum International Publishing Group, 2010.




53


Milton J. The Unscholastic Statesman: Locke and the Earl of Shaftesbury // An thony Ashley Cooper, First Earl of Shaftesbury, 16211683 /Ed. byj. Spurr. Farnham: Ashgate Publishing, 2011. P.177178.




54


Locke J. Two Treatises of Government / Ed. by P. Laslett. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.  1988.   ,    2-  1967.,       ,       1970-1980- .     .




55


Laslett . Introduction // Locke, J.Two Treatises of Government / Ed. by P. Las lett. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. P. 37.




56


Ibid. . 38.




57


Ibid. .3839.




58


The Correspondence of John Locke. Vol. VIII / Ed. by E.S. de Beer. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1981. P. 56, 58.




59


Laslett . Introduction // Locke J. Two Treatises of Government / Ed. by P. Laslett. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. P. 3.




60


.: Locke J. Some Thoughts Concerning Reading and Study for a Gentleman // Locke J. Political Essays / Ed. by M. Goldie. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.




61


Cranston . John Locke and the Case for Toleration // John Locke: A Letter con cerning Toleration in Focus / Ed. by J. Horton and S. Mendus. London and N.Y.: Routledge, 1991. P. 79.




62


Parry G. John Locke. N.Y.: Routledge, 1978. P. 5.




63


Lloyd Thomas D. A. Locke on Government. London and N.Y.: Routledge, 1995. P. 3.




64


Haley K.H.D. The First Earl of Shaftesbury. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1968. P. 215.




65


Dunn J. The Political Thought of John Locke: An Historical Account of the Argument of the Two Treatises of Government.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1969. P. 29, 212.




66


Kenyon J. P. Stuart England. London: Penguin Books, 1978. P. 8.




67


Milton J. The Unscholastic Statesman: Locke and the Earl of Shaftesbury // Anthony Ashley Cooper, First Earl of Shaftesbury, 16211683 /Ed. byj. Spurr. Farnham: Ashgate Publishing, 2011. P. 180.




68


              ( 1665.).




69


.: Seaward P. Shaftesbury and the Royal Supremacy // Anthony Ashley Cooper, First Earl of Shaftesbury: 16211683 / Ed. by J. Spurr. Farnham: Ashgate Publishing, 2011. P. 64.




70


,    ,    III  ,    1664.    .




71


.: Locke J. Political Essays /Ed. by M. Goldie. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. P.360365.


