        
 


         2  ,   ,  4  ,   ,   6  ,   ?     ,  .            .        ,             .        .        ,         ,      .       2000   ,    .     ,     ,     .     .       .  ,       ,     .             ,           .

  PDF A4    .





 

        



 2021 by Hermann Simon

   ,  , 2022

  , 2022




   





 1

   



        ?

             1987.           ,          .         ,          Harvard Business Review,   [1 - Levitt, T. (1983). The Globalization of Markets, Harvard Business Review, May/June 1983, pp. 92102. The term globalization first appeared in 1917, but did not become common until 1983.].

       ;  ,           .      Google  ,   1,75 [2 - Accessed on April 5, 2021.].

      1987,         .       ,  ,    ,  Bayer, Siemens, Daimler, Volkswagen, Bosch  E. Merck.        XX .       ,       XIX .  Bayer       1864,  Bosch            .  Siemens        1872.         ()        1980- .




Mittelstand


   ,      Mittelstand (        ).    1987      Absatzwirtschaft        :           ,    .   ,         ?

 :     .      .   , ,      [3 - Hanser, P. (1987). asw discussion with Theodore Levitt and Hermann Simon, Absatzwirtschaft, 8, pp. 2022.].                 .  80%      Mittelstand,     .      .           .







  ,  ,    Mittelstand       ,       . ,          ?       ?        ?    ?

   ,           1989[4 - Cf. Klapper, D. (1989). Internationale Erfolgsstrategien mittlerer Unternehmen, dissertation, University of Bielefeld.].        ,        .                 .

  39   .       .      ,             ,  .  Trumpf,         ,      1964. Karl Mayer,      ,      75%,     ,   . Lenze,  ,          .      , ,    ,       .

        ?            ,       .  ,    .     .      ,                  (, 1990)[5 - Simon, H. (1990). Hidden Champions  Speerspitze der deutschen Wirtschaft, Zeitschrift f?r Betriebswirtschaft, 60 (9), pp. 875890.]       Harvard Business Review[6 - Simon, H. (1992). Lessons from Germanys Midsize Giants, Harvard Business Review, 70 (March  April), pp. 115123.].    ,               .

 30.  2021      1573.  46,2%   ,   .   Google       ,         ,  .         .        ,      .




 


                 .             ,    .       ,        ,      .     , ,    .







 1996  Harvard Business School Press           :  500    [7 - Cf. Simon, H. (1996). Hidden Champions  Lessons from 500 of the Worlds Best Unknown Companies, Cambridge: Harvard Business School Press.].     ,  ,      XXI [8 - Simon, H. (2009). Hidden Champions of the 21st Century, New York: Springer; German edition: Simon, H. (2007). Hidden Champions des 21. Jahrhunderts  Die Erfolgsstrategien unbekannter Weltmarkf?hrer, Frankfurt: Campus 2007.].   2012              ,   ,  [9 - Simon, H. (2012). Hidden Champions  Aufbruch nach Globalia, Frankfurt: Campus 2012.].           26.         .

     ,            .          ,             ,  , ,    .     ,          .        ,  ,   .




 2

     



             .    :          30. 2.1      -   20102019[10 -    10   2019 ,    2020      Covid-19.].








.2.1.    -, 20102019.

          2009       .       .           .        ,       (.2.2).






.2.2.      -, 20102019.



           ,      .    ,  , ,            ,  ,      ,  ,    ,    .       .         2 ,      ,            ,    .     ?   ,      , ,   .




   ?


        :          [11 - Cf. Melitz, M., Mayer, T., & Ottaviano, G. (2014). Market Size, Competition, and the Product Mix of Exporters, American Economic Review 104 (2), pp. 495536.].  ,      , ,  ,         [12 - N.A. (2104). Nur die st?rksten Unternehmen exportieren, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, May 5, p. 18.].       ,    ,      .      1987, ,  ,   ,    Fortune Global 500,   ,   ,    .   ,           ?

 2.3    .        Fortune Global 500  [13 - Cf. Fortune, August-September 2020, S. F1-F22. Number of companies and export figures for 2019.].  500  .      .






.2.3.     Fortune Global500   



  ,       ,    .              , , , , ,   .             ,             .        ,       ?           ,         [14 - Economist    2009 ,  68%     ,    2000  (ef 2009 "Small Fish in a Big Pond", The Economist, September 10).   ,    ,    4000 ,    .].        ,  ,    ,          .        :        ,   .         Mittelstand[15 - https://hiddenchampionsfund.com/, viewed May 1, 2020.].




    


        ,            .       ,  ,    .     U.S. News and World Report     [16 - https://www.usnews.com/media/best-countries/overall-rankings-2020.pdf.].          .    ,   ,   ,        ,    :       ,  [17 - https://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article/entrepreneurial-country-world/, June 15, 2016.].

           .      Mittelstand,    .     :  ,    .     " ".  ,        .      .  ,   ,  ,   .        [18 - Kampfner, J. (2020). Why the Germans Do it Better: Notes from a Grown-Up Country, London: Atlantic Books, p. 84. See also Neiman, S. (2019). Learning from the Germans, New York: MacMillan.].

          ,            ,    .  ,  , :     ,        [19 - Steingart, G. (2020), Die unbequeme Wahrheit  Rede zur Lage unserer Nation, Munich: Penguin Verlag, p. 84.].          .     .




 3

 : 



     ,     :

1.           .

2.     5.

3.      .

              1990- .




 


   ,  ,    ,         .        .  ,         ,    .           .      ,        ,   .         ,          .        ,    .       .







   ,      .           $1 (     1996).  2007      3 , ,  5  2012.            .          10,     ,            5. , 5        .       ,      .  2019      Fortune Global 500 $66,6,         $25,4[20 - Fortune, August/September 2020.]. ,               Fortune Global 500          .         23  ,   .       467.      ,                       .      ,      ,     .      10   2%   .







        .       .    ,    ,     . , Haribo ( ), J?germeister ()  Melitta (  ). ,              .




 


   ,          ,     5    .  94     (        ) :       . 88 94      [21 - Julian Schenkenhofer, J. (2020). Hidden Champions: A Review of the Literature and Future Research Avenues, Working Paper Series 0620, Chair of Management und Organization, University of Augsburg, p. 9.].   90%       ,        .




 4

   



   ,         ,   ,    .    200 ,        ,    .          ,   ,   .

    ,    ,         XV        .         .   ,  Estado da India (), Dutch East India Company ()  East India Company (),    .    East India Company    ,     . ,      ,    ,        .    East India Company  260000-,    2 ,    .

     ?            ?   ,      ,   .




 


                   ,   1776[22 - Smith, A. (1993). An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing 1993.].      ,    ,     ,   ,     ,     .       (, ,    ,   ).         .       ,     .   ,     [23 - Smith, A. (2012). Untersuchung ?ber Wesen und Ursachen des Reichtums der V?lker, T?bingen: Mohr Siebeck 2012, p. 101.].  ,              ,        .




 


  ,    ,    ,   .     . ,         .             XIX ,   ,       .       : ,          ,     ,       .     ,    ,     .      ,           ,   .




 


       .       .     ,     ,     ,     27 .       ,   ,  (  15  ), ,     .     .

   Uber     -,      -        .       ,    .      . ,     ,    ,   ,  ,    ,   ,  ,    .       .           ,          .          .




   


      ,         .        , , , :    ,  ,  ,  ,  ,      .        ,            , ,   ,    .       .

 Apple   767    [24 - https://www.tagesspiegel.de/wirtschaft/zulieferfirmen-so-viel-deutschland-steckt-imiphone/24057266.html#:~:text=Bosch,f%C3%BCr%20das%20iPhone%208%20herstellt.https://de.statista.com/infografik/7849/bei-amazon-deutschland-gelisteteprodukte/#:~:text=Rund%20229%20Millionen%20Produkte%20bietet,gegen%C3%BCber%202014%20mehr%20als%20verdoppelt.].   ,       .    ,  ,    . ,      ,      ,       .  ,    K?rber Group,     , :         ,    ,     ,    100000 ,    ,        [25 - Giersberg, G. (2020). Interview with Michael Stietz, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, August 12, p. 22.].   ,  ,    ,      .




 


    ,   , ,  ,     ,      ,    , , ,   - (Google  Facebook).         ,     .         ,     .    Amazon  229 [26 - https://de.statista.com/infografik/7849/bei-amazon-deutschland-gelisteteprodukte/#:~:text=Rund%20229%20Millionen%20Produkte%20bietet,gegen%C3%BCber%202014%20mehr%20als%20verdoppelt.].  ,   2%     ,   98% ,   .       ,    ,      .  ,  , , , ,       . ,        (,   ),  ,      .







   ,     ,    ,  -    .          ,     .         ,       .  ,   . 4.1,   .



 4.1.          











      ,   .  M+C Schiffer  1,3    .     ,     760000,    19  .  Schott    (   )  310,    5.  11    (      )  550 [27 - Freytag, B. (2020). Impfstoffampullen f?r die Welt, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, June 30, p. 22.].     ,  .        ,      .




  


    ,     -             .         ,       .  22%         50.              ,              .  ,        ,  [28 - McLuhan, M. (1962). The Gutenberg Galaxy: The Making of Typographic Man, Toronto: University of Toronto Press.].

        ,   ,      ,      .    , -,    .   ,  Klais (, ),   65,        , , , , ,    .               .




 5

   



           , , ,    . Google         1,75,     ,       ,      [29 - Accessed on February 16, 2021. This number varies from day to day.].







 2017          :          .                  [30 - N.A. (2018), Ein neuer Aufbruch f?r Europa  Eine neue Dynamik f?r Deutschland  Ein neuer Zusammenhalt f?r unser Land, coalition contract between the three parties in the German parliament that formed the government, Berlin, February 7, lines 280406.]. -    ,   , :               .           ![31 - https://www.land.nrw/ru/node/10564.].

   -  -          [32 - IHK Schleswig-Holstein (2019). Made in Schleswig-Holstein, Weltmarkt- und Technologief?hrer im Portrait, Flensburg-Kiel-L?beck: IHK Schleswig-Holstein; IHK S?dwestfalen (2018). Directory of industrial global market leaders from Southern Westphalia, 5th edition, Arnsberg-Hagen-Siegen: IHK S?dwestfalen.].           .  2019      [33 - Initiators of the Verband Deutscher Hidden Champions e.V. (VDHC), as the association is called in German, are Dieter Boening, Dieter Beste and Georg T?rk.].         [34 - https://english.ey.gov.tw/Page/61BF2C3E89B856/9543ee48-8e64-4d61-a413-b6c214efa32d.].

       .   2021        1000   ,            [35 - N.A. (2021). China Market Insider, February 16; and Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (2021): Notice on Supporting the High-quality Development of Specialized, New SMEs, Beijing, January 23.].   $1,3        [36 - The Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (2021). Notice on Supporting the High-quality Development of Specialized, new SME, Beijing, January 23. ????????? ??????????????????????.].               ,        .              .







  Avesco Financial Services    [37 - http://sustainable-hidden-champions.de/.].       ,       - [38 - https://hiddenchampionsfund.com/.].

           .     S8      [39 - Breiding, J. (2019). Too Small to Fail: Why Some Small Nations Outperform Larger Ones and How They Are Reshaping the World, New York: Harper Business. The eight countries are Switzerland, Israel, Singapore, Netherlands, Denmark, Finland, Ireland, Sweden.].    Vontobel   ,      36  ,  12 .

        .     ,   , :         .       70%, 10    40%.

          2002     ,           .   Shandong Moris Technologies, Ltd.           .




  


       .         .

  2004   Business Week    .  .5.1   ,      Tehnogym[40 - Business Week, January 26, 2004.].

,  2019, Forbes        [41 - https://www.forbes.com/sites/rainerzitelmann/2019/07/15/the-leadership-secrets-of-the-hiddenchampions/#7e5f03a26952.].






.5.1.     Business Week



   n-tv     .    ,            Tencent,  20 [42 - https://v.qq.com/x/page/b31199dk8bo.html.]. Amazon   20 ( )        [43 - Cf. e.g B?chler, J.-P., Fallstudienkompendium Hidden Champions: Innovationen f?r den Weltmarkt, Wiesbaden: Springer Gabler 2017; Greeven, M. J., Yip, G. S., & Wei, W., Pioneers, Hidden Champions, Changemakers, and Underdogs: Lessons from Chinas Innovators, Cambridge: MIT; Bracek, A. & Purg, D., (ed.) (2020). Hidden Champions in Dynamically Changing Societies, Basel: Springer Nature 2020.].  ,  ,         ,     .     ,   [44 - B?chler, J.-P., Fallstudienkompendium Hidden Champions: Innovationen f?r den Weltmarkt, Wiesbaden: Springer Gabler 2017; Greeven, M. J., Yip, G. S. & Wei, W., Pioneers, Hidden Champions, Changemakers, and Underdogs: Lessons from Chinas Innovators, Cambridge: MIT; Bracek, A. & Purg, D., (ed.) (2021). Hidden Champions in Dynamically Changing Societies, Basel: Springer Nature; Kampfner, J. (2020). Why the Germans Do it Better: Notes from a Grown-Up Country, London: Atlantic Books; Steingart, G. (2020). Die unbequeme Wahrheit  Rede zur Lage unserer Nation, M?nchen: Penguin Verlag, S. 84.].







             [45 - https://execed.esmt.berlin/de/hci.].          [46 - Cf. www.hcmi.kr, homepage in Korean.].  2021                  [47 - Invitation by the Dean, Faculty of Social Sciences, Zhejiang University, February 27, 2021.].      ( )     .  .5.2     ,    .






.5.2.       , 




 


           ,    ,    .      :      ,         ,      .    ![48 - Personal E-Mail from Julian Schenkenhofer, July 30, 2020.].

         ,   ,      .            [49 - Cf. Julian Schenkenhofer, J. (2020). Hidden Champions: A Review of the Literature and Future Research Avenues, Working Paper Series 0620, Chair of Management und Organization, University of Augsburg.].   94       : ,   /,      .  80%      2010.        , ,  ,     .       :     ,   ,            [50 - Julian Schenkenhofer, J. (2020). Hidden Champions: A Review of the Literature and Future Research Avenues, Working Paper Series 0620, Chair of Management und Organization, University of Augsburg, p. 15.].




  





 6

   



         1989.            [51 - In Japan Stefan Lippert, in China Deng Di and Jan Yang, in Korea Pil H. Yoo, in Poland Marek Dietl, in Italy Danilo Zatta, in France Stephan Guinchard, in the Netherlands Onno Oldeman.].

   ,      [52 - McKiernan, P. & Purg, D. (eds.) (2019). Hidden Champions in CEE and Turkey: Carving Out a Global Niche, Heidelberg: Springer; Bracek Lalic, A. & Purg, D., (ed.) (2021). Hidden Champions in Dynamically Changing Societies, Basel: Springer Nature.].            ,       .




   


    3406 ,   ,    3.     59.

 . 6.1    (       )  ,    20 .



 6.1.            






  ,         . ,      ,               ,     18    .     ,   .          ,    .     ,        .

 .    20%    .   10%     90%  [53 - Cf. Armbruster, A. (2014). Nur die st?rksten Unternehmen exportieren, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, May 5.].        .      ,      [54 - Govindarajan, V., Srivastava, A., & Enache, L. (2021). The U.S. Economy is Leaving Midsize Companies Behind, Harvard Business Review Online, February 18.].     ,         .   2 ,           .    - ,        .     ,          .  ,    ,   1020     .           ,  ,   -   .

 ,    20 ,  93,7%   ,   .        56,2%.     ,  56,9%       .







     .        ,      -  .    ,    .         ,        ,     .          ,      .

                 .  ,   , ,    ,   . ,   ,      -     .

        ,   Dassault Syst?mes,      .

       ,   ARM,    RISC-,       .

      ,    .




 


 ,       ,   ,   .   ,       .        ,           . ,    ,    ,       .

           Nakhla,     ,    -,      .

               .

     ,               .        .         ,      [55 - Cf. https://www.everprogloves.com/glove-manufacturers-malaysia/, November 2, 2020.].  70%      [56 - Cf. https://www.everprogloves.com/glove-manufacturers-malaysia/, November 2, 2020; and N.A. (2020). Corona bremst Top Glove aus, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, November 17, p. 18.].

 Top Glove   ,     25%,             .  .6.1    Top Glove     .






.6.1.      :     Top Glove     



    ,  Fischer Group (     ), Cutrale (     )  Sadia (     ), ,             .        ,    ,           .

            ,     .  ,     ,        .           ,  Embraer,      ,  Embraco,    .          ,   Essel Propack,        ,  Serum Institute of India,     .   ,              upstream- (  )   ,    downstream- ()     .




  


 ,    (56%)       ,    . -,          ,      ,    ? -,        -     ? ,   ,       ,     ?

  ,        .

                  .       ,         .      ,                  .

            .            ,  ,         .




 7

  



         1573,  ,    3.  .7.1     ,           1989.






.7.1.      , 19892020.



 ,  .7.1      ;     ,       .           ,          . ,        -   , ,   .  1307   2012  70%         .   ,    ,  1%      .




 


     (35,2%)       ,     41,7%       ,  23,1%   .          .         (  )  40%,      ,   [57 -   ,       ,    ,         ,  ,    .].        ,  ,        34%[58 - Rammer C. & Spielkamp, A. (2015). Hidden Champions  Driven by Innovation, Empirische Befunde auf Basis des Mannheimer Innovationspanels, Mannheim: ZEW.].







  ( ) 1573    467[59 -      90,8%   ,    2018/19 ,       .           .].  






.7.2.     



   1  ,     4966.  7.2     .

,    , ,   ,        .    150,  ,       ,   .




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/german-simon/skrytye-chempiony-novye-pravila-igry-v-vek-kitaya/)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


Levitt, T. (1983). The Globalization of Markets, Harvard Business Review, May/June 1983, pp. 92102. The term globalization first appeared in 1917, but did not become common until 1983.




2


Accessed on April 5, 2021.




3


Hanser, P. (1987). asw discussion with Theodore Levitt and Hermann Simon, Absatzwirtschaft, 8, pp. 2022.




4


Cf. Klapper, D. (1989). Internationale Erfolgsstrategien mittlerer Unternehmen, dissertation, University of Bielefeld.




5


Simon, H. (1990). Hidden Champions  Speerspitze der deutschen Wirtschaft, Zeitschrift f?r Betriebswirtschaft, 60 (9), pp. 875890.




6


Simon, H. (1992). Lessons from Germanys Midsize Giants, Harvard Business Review, 70 (March  April), pp. 115123.




7


Cf. Simon, H. (1996). Hidden Champions  Lessons from 500 of the Worlds Best Unknown Companies, Cambridge: Harvard Business School Press.




8


Simon, H. (2009). Hidden Champions of the 21st Century, New York: Springer; German edition: Simon, H. (2007). Hidden Champions des 21. Jahrhunderts  Die Erfolgsstrategien unbekannter Weltmarkf?hrer, Frankfurt: Campus 2007.




9


Simon, H. (2012). Hidden Champions  Aufbruch nach Globalia, Frankfurt: Campus 2012.




10


   10   2019 ,    2020      Covid-19.




11


Cf. Melitz, M., Mayer, T., & Ottaviano, G. (2014). Market Size, Competition, and the Product Mix of Exporters, American Economic Review 104 (2), pp. 495536.




12


N.A. (2104). Nur die st?rksten Unternehmen exportieren, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, May 5, p. 18.




13


Cf. Fortune, August-September 2020, S. F1-F22. Number of companies and export figures for 2019.




14


Economist    2009 ,  68%     ,    2000  (ef 2009 "Small Fish in a Big Pond", The Economist, September 10).   ,    ,    4000 ,    .




15


https://hiddenchampionsfund.com/, viewed May 1, 2020.




16


https://www.usnews.com/media/best-countries/overall-rankings-2020.pdf.




17


https://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article/entrepreneurial-country-world/, June 15, 2016.




18


Kampfner, J. (2020). Why the Germans Do it Better: Notes from a Grown-Up Country, London: Atlantic Books, p. 84. See also Neiman, S. (2019). Learning from the Germans, New York: MacMillan.




19


Steingart, G. (2020), Die unbequeme Wahrheit  Rede zur Lage unserer Nation, Munich: Penguin Verlag, p. 84.




20


Fortune, August/September 2020.




21


Julian Schenkenhofer, J. (2020). Hidden Champions: A Review of the Literature and Future Research Avenues, Working Paper Series 0620, Chair of Management und Organization, University of Augsburg, p. 9.




22


Smith, A. (1993). An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing 1993.




23


Smith, A. (2012). Untersuchung ?ber Wesen und Ursachen des Reichtums der V?lker, T?bingen: Mohr Siebeck 2012, p. 101.




24


https://www.tagesspiegel.de/wirtschaft/zulieferfirmen-so-viel-deutschland-steckt-imiphone/24057266.html#:~:text=Bosch,f%C3%BCr%20das%20iPhone%208%20herstellt.https://de.statista.com/infografik/7849/bei-amazon-deutschland-gelisteteprodukte/#:~:text=Rund%20229%20Millionen%20Produkte%20bietet,gegen%C3%BCber%202014%20mehr%20als%20verdoppelt.




25


Giersberg, G. (2020). Interview with Michael Stietz, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, August 12, p. 22.




26


https://de.statista.com/infografik/7849/bei-amazon-deutschland-gelisteteprodukte/#:~:text=Rund%20229%20Millionen%20Produkte%20bietet,gegen%C3%BCber%202014%20mehr%20als%20verdoppelt.




27


Freytag, B. (2020). Impfstoffampullen f?r die Welt, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, June 30, p. 22.




28


McLuhan, M. (1962). The Gutenberg Galaxy: The Making of Typographic Man, Toronto: University of Toronto Press.




29


Accessed on February 16, 2021. This number varies from day to day.




30


N.A. (2018), Ein neuer Aufbruch f?r Europa  Eine neue Dynamik f?r Deutschland  Ein neuer Zusammenhalt f?r unser Land, coalition contract between the three parties in the German parliament that formed the government, Berlin, February 7, lines 280406.




31


https://www.land.nrw/ru/node/10564.




32


IHK Schleswig-Holstein (2019). Made in Schleswig-Holstein, Weltmarkt- und Technologief?hrer im Portrait, Flensburg-Kiel-L?beck: IHK Schleswig-Holstein; IHK S?dwestfalen (2018). Directory of industrial global market leaders from Southern Westphalia, 5th edition, Arnsberg-Hagen-Siegen: IHK S?dwestfalen.




33


Initiators of the Verband Deutscher Hidden Champions e.V. (VDHC), as the association is called in German, are Dieter Boening, Dieter Beste and Georg T?rk.




34


https://english.ey.gov.tw/Page/61BF2C3E89B856/9543ee48-8e64-4d61-a413-b6c214efa32d.




35


N.A. (2021). China Market Insider, February 16; and Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (2021): Notice on Supporting the High-quality Development of Specialized, New SMEs, Beijing, January 23.




36


The Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (2021). Notice on Supporting the High-quality Development of Specialized, new SME, Beijing, January 23. ????????? ??????????????????????.




37


http://sustainable-hidden-champions.de/.




38


https://hiddenchampionsfund.com/.




39


Breiding, J. (2019). Too Small to Fail: Why Some Small Nations Outperform Larger Ones and How They Are Reshaping the World, New York: Harper Business. The eight countries are Switzerland, Israel, Singapore, Netherlands, Denmark, Finland, Ireland, Sweden.




40


Business Week, January 26, 2004.




41


https://www.forbes.com/sites/rainerzitelmann/2019/07/15/the-leadership-secrets-of-the-hiddenchampions/#7e5f03a26952.




42


https://v.qq.com/x/page/b31199dk8bo.html.




43


Cf. e.g B?chler, J.-P., Fallstudienkompendium Hidden Champions: Innovationen f?r den Weltmarkt, Wiesbaden: Springer Gabler 2017; Greeven, M. J., Yip, G. S., & Wei, W., Pioneers, Hidden Champions, Changemakers, and Underdogs: Lessons from Chinas Innovators, Cambridge: MIT; Bracek, A. & Purg, D., (ed.) (2020). Hidden Champions in Dynamically Changing Societies, Basel: Springer Nature 2020.




44


B?chler, J.-P., Fallstudienkompendium Hidden Champions: Innovationen f?r den Weltmarkt, Wiesbaden: Springer Gabler 2017; Greeven, M. J., Yip, G. S. & Wei, W., Pioneers, Hidden Champions, Changemakers, and Underdogs: Lessons from Chinas Innovators, Cambridge: MIT; Bracek, A. & Purg, D., (ed.) (2021). Hidden Champions in Dynamically Changing Societies, Basel: Springer Nature; Kampfner, J. (2020). Why the Germans Do it Better: Notes from a Grown-Up Country, London: Atlantic Books; Steingart, G. (2020). Die unbequeme Wahrheit  Rede zur Lage unserer Nation, M?nchen: Penguin Verlag, S. 84.




45


https://execed.esmt.berlin/de/hci.




46


Cf. www.hcmi.kr, homepage in Korean.




47


Invitation by the Dean, Faculty of Social Sciences, Zhejiang University, February 27, 2021.




48


Personal E-Mail from Julian Schenkenhofer, July 30, 2020.




49


Cf. Julian Schenkenhofer, J. (2020). Hidden Champions: A Review of the Literature and Future Research Avenues, Working Paper Series 0620, Chair of Management und Organization, University of Augsburg.




50


Julian Schenkenhofer, J. (2020). Hidden Champions: A Review of the Literature and Future Research Avenues, Working Paper Series 0620, Chair of Management und Organization, University of Augsburg, p. 15.




51


In Japan Stefan Lippert, in China Deng Di and Jan Yang, in Korea Pil H. Yoo, in Poland Marek Dietl, in Italy Danilo Zatta, in France Stephan Guinchard, in the Netherlands Onno Oldeman.




52


McKiernan, P. & Purg, D. (eds.) (2019). Hidden Champions in CEE and Turkey: Carving Out a Global Niche, Heidelberg: Springer; Bracek Lalic, A. & Purg, D., (ed.) (2021). Hidden Champions in Dynamically Changing Societies, Basel: Springer Nature.




53


Cf. Armbruster, A. (2014). Nur die st?rksten Unternehmen exportieren, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, May 5.




54


Govindarajan, V., Srivastava, A., & Enache, L. (2021). The U.S. Economy is Leaving Midsize Companies Behind, Harvard Business Review Online, February 18.




55


Cf. https://www.everprogloves.com/glove-manufacturers-malaysia/, November 2, 2020.




56


Cf. https://www.everprogloves.com/glove-manufacturers-malaysia/, November 2, 2020; and N.A. (2020). Corona bremst Top Glove aus, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, November 17, p. 18.




57


  ,       ,    ,         ,  ,    .




58


Rammer C. & Spielkamp, A. (2015). Hidden Champions  Driven by Innovation, Empirische Befunde auf Basis des Mannheimer Innovationspanels, Mannheim: ZEW.




59


     90,8%   ,    2018/19 ,       .           .


