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Historia Rossica
  2005  -            .           ,   , , ,         ,         .   ,       ,  19201930-         .      ,      , ,         .    ,                       .





 

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        ,  ,       ,          .

      (International Research and Exchanges Board, IREX),   (MacArthur Foundation),      (Social Science Research Council, SSRC),   .  (Andrew W. Mellon Foundation),   (Whiting Foundation)        (Princeton Society of Fellows of the Woodrow Wilson Foundation)       .         (Davis Center for Russian Studies at Harvard University)      ,        (Vilas Young Investigator)        ,             .        (National Fellows Program)   ,    (Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace)     20032004             .

             (Laura Engelstein)    (Stephen Kotkin)          .    ,            .            .         ,   .           ,          .        ;       .             (Mark von Hagen)   .    ,         ,     .    (Philip Nord)                 XIX .

,    ,  ,        .       -               -    .  ,          ;     ,     .           -,   .           ,    ,        ,    -  -,    ,           . . -  -.          . ,   ,      ,      .

          (Firestone Library)   ,      (Widener and Tozzer Libraries)   ,    (Memorial Library)      (University of WisconsinMadison),           .         .

    ,     2000 ,      .            .    ,     .   (Tony Michels),   (Brett Sheehan),   (Florencia Mallon),   (Lee Wandel),   (Diane Lindstrom)    (Suzanne Desan)   ;   (Nan Enstad)   .   (David McDonald)            .        .

     ,    .   (Jim Escalante)        ,      .   (Richard Worthington)         .   (Sean Gillen)    (Ayten Kilic)   .

                       .  ,    (Jonathan Bone),   (Jane Burbank),   (Frederick Corney),   (Robert Crews),  - (Michael David-Fox),   (Adrienne Edgar),   (David Hoffman),   (Adeeb Khalid),   (Nathaniel Knight),   (Douglas Northrop),   (Yuri Slezkine),   (Susan Solomon),   (Charles Steinwedel),   (Willard Sunderland)    (Reginald Zelnik).     ,     :   (Nancy Appelbaum),   (Peter Holquist),   (Arthur McKee),   (John Randolph),   (Rebecca Sokolovsky)    (Amir Weiner).        (Norman Naimark)  ,              ;        ,      .

   (Bruce Grant)    (Nancy Ries),             (Cornell University Press).         ;        .       ,             ,      .     .         ,            .

       ,           .   (Maureen Waller),   (Suzanne Verderber),   (David Horwich),   (David Hirsch),     (Erika and Lawrence Hessman)      .       (Mark and Lois Hirsch)    ,          .  ,     (Mark Hessman)       ,    .     ,  -,         .  ,                .     .


      2022 

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     ,     .               ,    ;    ,   ,      .

 .    . 1968[1 -  .    .      / . . . .: -  , 2014. . 88. . .]

1991?      ,           .         .    ,        ,            .  ,   ,            , :     ?      ?        ?   1994             , ,    ,   ,  ,  ,   .      .




1991   


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               ,     .       (      )          .    ,    ,      .      1930?         ,     :            .  ,        ,                 ,       .               ,    1930?        ,             .         ,                 .

 -   1930        1933?       .                .   1931  ( -      )          -          ,       ,   .     ,    ,     - (  )         .               ,      ,   ,     ,   ,      ,    .        ,       .  ,                        .                .




 


              .        (19231928),         (19281932),        (19331938).               .       1905  1941                  .   ,           ,   .

    ,         1905  1924    ,       ,          .   1  ,                 ,     ,     .             .   2     -   .        :   (    )    (    ).         ,      ,          .

          軠     1924  1934       .   19241929 ,    ,            ,    19291934-,    ,       ( ).   3   1-   1926      ,          .   4    -  (   )       .        ,     ,      (    )              .   5               ,     ,       .           ,               .

        軠   19311941 .        .  ,    1931 ,    ,         ,        .   19341941 ,    ,         (   )   .  6   -    ,       ;  ,                      .   7      2?   (  1937    1939 ),        .              .  ,                   (  )   .

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  ,    :



Hirsch F. The Soviet Union as a Work-in-Progress: Ethnographers and the Category Nationality in the 1926, 1937, and 1939 Censuses // Slavic Review. 1997. Vol. 56. No. 2. P. 251278.

Hirsch F. Toward an Empire of Nations: Border-Making and the Formation of Soviet National Identities // The Russian Review. 2000. Vol. 59. No. 2. P. 201226.

Hirsch F. Getting to Know The Peoples of the USSR: Ethnographic Exhibits as Soviet Virtual Tourism, 19231934 // Slavic Review. 2003. Vol. 62. No. 4. P. 683709.

Hirsch F. Toward a Soviet Order of Things: The 1926 Census and the Making of the Soviet Union // Szreter S., Sholkamy H., Dharmalingam A. (eds.). Categories and Contexts: Anthropological and Historical Studies in Critical Demography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.





 


  31  1918 ,      ,     (     ).




 


 19251936       ,        .     ,      ,   : ,  л, .       Central Asia   .  (         )     ,    .




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 , 1907[38 - . :  .    16 . . 16. : , 1979. . 159. . .]

     1917 ,     .   - ,              .                  .      ,      .     ,      ,   .

               .    ,    .    ,        ,  .               ,      ,   .     ,     1917 ,        ,          .               ,      .         ,           .

  1917        .      Ը      , ,    ,       .           .    - ( )      .          ,      .                 .            ,      ,                 [39 -        . .: Holquist P. Making War, Forging Revolution. Introduction and ch. 1.]. ,   ,                .           ,     .

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                 ,              .         ,    1917  1923              ,          1905  1917      ,   [46 - : Simon G. Nationalism and Policy toward the Nationalities; Carr?re d Encausse H. The Great Challenge: Nationalities and the Bolshevik State, 19171930. New York, 1992; Smith J. The Bolsheviks and the National Question; Martin T. The Affirmative Action Empire.  : Pipes R. The Formation of the Soviet Union.         ,      .].      ,                .      Volk (),             .         1917 ,               ,           (      )      ,       - ,        .     ,    .   1917                    ,      ,     .




   


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     .  ,                    .    ,  - ,     .  -,   ,   ,    ,   .  ,    -     :       [59 -  . . 1415.       1903      .]. , -         (),             [60 -  . .    . . 15.].  ,        ,    ,     .

       ,              . ,                   ,  :             .  ,        ,  ,   .         ,        .           ,       ,     .               ,    ;       [61 -  . .    . . 4244.].

      ,       -   [62 -   1913        ,    1914-      .             . .: . . ,     .].   1914         ,   ,     [63 -  . .      //  . . . . . 5? . ., 1961. . 25. . 257320.].  ,   ,       -.           .        ,                  .           .               -   [64 -  . .    . . 34.].       -,      .  ,        ,      ,     .       , ,           .

     (         ),  ,             .  ,                .            ,           .                [65 -  . .     . . 264265.].  ,              .     -   1789  1871         .  , ,  -     1905 .     ,      ,           .  ,       -              [66 -  . . 269.].

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43


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               - . .: - . .     . .  //  . .,  . . (.).  Ը . . 30, 4142;  . .   (    . . ) //  . . 78;  . .   . .   . . . . 26.




46


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47


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48


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49


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50


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51


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52


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53


 . .      // . . ,     . . 125128.




54


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55


 . .      // . . ,     . . 2021; Connor W. The National Question in Marxist-Leninist Theory. P. 30.




56


Pipes R. The Formation of the Soviet Union. P. 37.




57


Pipes R. The Formation of the Soviet Union. P. 37;  . .     //  . .   - :     . ., 1935. . 4.




58


 . .    . . 1011.




59


 . . 1415.       1903      .




60


 . .    . . 15.




61


 . .    . . 4244.




62


  1913        ,    1914-      .             . .: . . ,     .




63


 . .      //  . . . . . 5? . ., 1961. . 25. . 257320.




64


 . .    . . 34.




65


 . .     . . 264265.




66


 . . 269.




67


 . .     . . 271, 274.  ,          -      .




68


 . . 287288.   ,      ,        ,     ( )    .




69


Pipes R. The Formation of the Soviet Union. P. 46;  . .   1913        //  . . . . . 5? . ., 1961. . 24. . 58.




70


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71


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76


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77


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78


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79


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80


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81


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82


    ,    ,       (.:  . .  ).     .




83


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84


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92


 .        . . xi.




93


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94


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101


. . 24. . 1. . 78. . 5962 ., 64 . 66.




102


 . . 6565 .     .




103


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105


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106


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108


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115


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116


           1914  //  . 1915.  24. . 12;        (   ):    (19131914 .) //  . . 3. . vvii, 3638.




117


,    1914            ,      ( .     . . 240).




118


.: . . ,     . . 26, 2931, 56, 66, 81.




119


 . .    . . 46.




120


 . . 4.




121


 . . 6, 9.




122


        .               . ., : [ . .]      (   ) // . . ,     . . 162165.




123


        .: . . ,     . . 19, 33, 107, 127.




124


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