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         ,       .   .  ,     Mount Carmel Health System ,     .  50100  .       [44 - Fentanyl DrugFacts, NIH National Institute on Drug Abuse, February 28, 2019, www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/fentanyl (http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/fentanyl).].   2019       ,          500  [45 - Mariel Padilla, After Dozens of Fentanyl Killings, Hospital C.E.O. and 23 Employees Are Forced Out, NewYork Times, July 12, 2019, www.nytimes.com/2019/07/12/us/hospital-fentanyl-murder.html?searchResultPosition=5 (http://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/12/us/hospital-fentanyl-murder.html?searchResultPosition%3d5).]. ,     , ,    ,  ,    ,  2000⠖   ,   .       .      ,      :       [46 - Erik Ortiz, Nurses Defend Ohio Doctor Accused of Murdering 25 Patients in Lawsuit Against Hospital, NBC News, December 19, 2019, www.nbcnews.com/news/crime-courts/nurses-defend-ohio-doctor-accused-murdering-25-patients-lawsuit-against-n1102796 (http://www.nbcnews.com/news/crime-courts/nurses-defend-ohio-doctor-accused-murdering-25-patients-lawsuit-against-n1102796).].    ,    ,        .

        .   ,                 . ,     2000 ,   ,    (   )      .      ,     [47 - Jim Woods, Working with Dr. Husel at Mount Carmel Brought Trouble to Colleagues, Columbus Dispatch, May 17, 2020.].    ,            ,   Mount Carmel Health System    ,      .

   ,      ,    ,    .      ,        .  ,      .  2010   (IOM)   ,       (210750 )        [48 - Mark D. Smith, Best Care at Lower Cost (Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2012).]




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/pages/biblio_book/?art=67852887)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


Jerome Groopman, How Doctors Think (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2008).




2


Daniel Kahneman, Thinking, Fast and Slow (NewYork: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2011). (   :  .    . .: , 2014.)




3


Talya Miron-Shatz, Evaluating Multiepisode Events: Boundary Conditions for the Peak-End Rule, Emotion 9, no. 2 (2009): 206213, doi:10.1037/a0015295 (http://doi.org/10.1037/a0015295); Talya Miron-Shatz, Am I Going to Be Happy and Financially Stable? How American Women Feel When They Think About Financial Security, January 18, 2009, SSRN Electronic Journal, doi:10.2139/ssrn.1329806 (http://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1329806).




4


Cambridge Dictionary, s.v. paternalism, 2020, https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/paternalism (https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/paternalism); Rolf E. Sartorius, Paternalism (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1983); Mark Cartwright, Greek Medicine, Ancient HistoryEncyclopediaLimited, accessed January 17, 2020, www.ancient.eu/Greek_Medicine/ (http://www.ancient.eu/Greek_Medicine/).




5


ABPI Interactive Resources for Schools, History of Medicine, accessed January 17, 2020.




6


Barbara Ehrenreich and Deirdre English, Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers (NewYork: Feminist Press at CUNY, 2010).




7


American Medical Association, Code of Ethics, originally adopted at the Adjourned Meeting of the National Medical Convention in Philadelphia (Chicago, 1847).




8


Sachin Waikar, When Are Consumers Most Likely to Feel Overwhelmed by Their Opinions? KelloggInsight, October 3, 2017, https://insight.kellogg.northwestern.edu/article/what-predicts-consumer-choice-overload (https://insight.kellogg.northwestern.edu/article/what-predicts-consumer-choice-overload).




9


Jochen Vollmann and Rolf Winau, Informed Consent in Human Experimentation Before the Nuremberg Code, BMJ 313, no. 7070 (1996): 14451447, doi:10.1136/bmj.313.7070.1445 (http://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.313.7070.1445).




10


Iain Chalmers, People Are Participants in Research, BMJ 318, no. 7191 (1999): 1141, doi:10.1136/bmj.318.7191.1141a (http://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.318.7191.1141a).




11


WMA World Medical Association, WMA International Code of Medical Ethics, July 9, 2018, www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-international-code-of-medical-ethics/ (http://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-international-code-of-medical-ethics/); WMA World Medical Association, WMA Declaration of Helsinki Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects, July 9, 2018, www.wma.net/policiespost/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects/ (http://www.wma.net/policiespost/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects/).




12


Ruth Faden and Tom L Beauchamp, A History and Theory of Informed Consent (NewYork: Oxford University Press, 1986).




13


      (HDHP)           . ࠖ    ,      .




14


Karen Appold, High-Deductible Health Plans: A Brief History, Managed Healthcare Executive, September 22, 2015, www.managedhealthcareexecutive.com/mhe-articles/high-deductible-health-plans-brief-history (http://www.managedhealthcareexecutive.com/mhe-articles/high-deductible-health-plans-brief-history).




15


Beatrix Hoffman, Restraining the Health Care Consumer: The History of Deductibles and Co-Payments in U.S. Health Insurance, Social Science History 30, no. 4 (2006): 501528, doi:10.1215/01455532-2006-007 (http://doi.org/10.1215/01455532-2006-007); Healthcare.Gov Glossary, s.v. High Deductible Health Plan (HDHP), HealthCare.Gov, 2020, www.healthcare.gov/glossary/high-deductible-health-plan/ (http://www.healthcare.gov/glossary/high-deductible-health-plan/).




16


Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky, Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision Under Risk, in Handbook of the Fundamentals of Financial Decision Making: Part I, ed. Leonard C. MacLean and William T. Ziemba (Singapore: World Scientific, 2013), 99127.




17


Theodore McDowell, Mandatory Health Savings Accounts and the Need for Consumer-Driven Health Care, Georgetown Journal of Law and Public Policy 16, no. 1 (2018): 315.




18


Robin Cohen and Emily Zammitti, High-Deductible Health Plan Enrollment Among Adults Aged 1864 with Employment-Based Insurance Coverage, CDC, National Center for Health Statistics, NCHS data brief no. 317, August 2018, www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db317.htm (http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db317.htm).




19


Edward Berchick, Jessica Barnett, and Rachel Upton, Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2018, report no. P60267, United States Census Bureau, November 8, 2019.




20


Internet Users per 100 Inhabitants 1997 to 2007, ITU: International Telecommunications Union, ICT Data and Statistics (IDS), updated July 15, 2008, www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/statistics/ict/ (http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/statistics/ict/); Monica Anderson, etal., 10% of Americans Dont Use the Internet: Who Are They? FactTank, Pew Research Center, April 22, 2019, www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/04/22/some-americans-dont-use-the-internet-who-are-they/ (http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/04/22/some-americans-dont-use-the-internet-who-are-they/).




21


Emily A. Vogels, About One-in-Five Americans Use a Smart Watch or Fitness Tracker, Pew Research Center, January 9, 2020, www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/01/09/about-one-in-five-americans-use-a-smart-watch-or-fitness-tracker/ (http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/01/09/about-one-in-five-americans-use-a-smart-watch-or-fitness-tracker/); Irl Hirsch etal., Role of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Diabetes Treatment, American Diabetes Association, 2018, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30958664/ (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30958664/); Ara Jo, Bryan D. Coronel, Courtney E. Coakes, and Arch G. Mainous III, Is There a Benefit to Patients Using Wearable Devices Such as Fitbit or Health Apps on Mobiles? A Systematic Review. American Journal of Medicine 132, no. 12 (2019): 13941400.




22


Matt Peterson, A Vaccine Will Only Succeed if Americans Have Trust, Barrons, July 31, 2020, www.barrons.com/articles/how-americans-became-hesitant-about-covid-19-vaccines-a-q-a-with-walter-orenstein-51596219473 (http://www.barrons.com/articles/how-americans-became-hesitant-about-covid-19-vaccines-a-q-a-with-walter-orenstein-51596219473).




23


Current Cigarette Smoking Among Adults in the United States, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, page last reviewed December 10, 2020, www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/adult_data/cig_smoking/index.htm#:~:text=In%25202018%252C%2520nearly%252014%2520of,with%2520a%2520smoking%252Drelated%2520disease (http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/adult_data/cig_smoking/index.htm#%3a~%3atext%3dIn%25202018%252C%2520nearly%252014%2520of%2cwith%2520a%2520smoking%252Drelated%2520disease); 80% of Americans Dont Get Enough Exercise And Heres How Much You Actually Need, Cleveland Clinic, Health Essentials, November 20, 2018, health.clevelandclinic.org/80-of-americans-dont-get-enough-exercise-and-heres-how-much-you-actually-need/#:~:text=About%252080%2520percent%2520of%2520U.S.,enough%2520exercise%250for%2520optimal%2520health (https://health.clevelandclinic.org/80-of-americans-dont-get-enough-exercise-and-heres-how-much-you-actually-need/#%3a~%3atext%3dAbout%252080%2520percent%2520of%2520U.S.%2cenough%2520exercise%25%C2%A00for%2520optimal%2520health); Health Risks of an Inactive Lifestyle, NIH U.S. National Library of Medicine, MedlinePlus, last updated December 2, 2020, medlineplus.gov/healthrisksofaninactivelifestyle.html (http://medlineplus.gov/healthrisksofaninactivelifestyle.html).




24


High Cholesterol Symptoms and Causes, Mayo Clinic, 2020, www.mayoclinicorg/diseases-conditions/high-blood-cholesterol/symptoms-causes/syc-20350800 (http://www.mayoclinicorg/diseases-conditions/high-blood-cholesterol/symptoms-causes/syc-20350800).




25


McVin Hua Heng Cheen etal., Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Primary Medication Non-Adherence in Chronic Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, International Journal of Clinical Practice 73, no. 6 (2019): e13350, doi:10.1111/ijcp.13350 (http://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.13350).




26


Lisa Rosenbaum and William H. Shrank, Taking Our Medicine Improving Adherence in the Accountability Era, New England Journal of Medicine 369, no. 8 (2013): 694695, doi:10.1056/nejmp1307084 (http://doi.org/10.1056/nejmp1307084).




27


High Cholesterol Symptoms and Causes.




28


Ann Marie Navar etal., Medication Discontinuation in the IMPROVE-IT Trial, Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes 12, no. 1 (2019), doi:10.1161/circoutcomes.118.005041 (http://doi.org/10.1161/circoutcomes.118.005041).




29


Pouya Saeedi etal., Global and Regional Diabetes Prevalence Estimates for 2019 and Projections for 2030 and 2045: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9th Edition, Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 157 (2019): 107843, doi:10.1016/jdiabres.2019.107843 (http://doi.org/10.1016/jdiabres.2019.107843); Division of Diabetes Translation at a Glance, CDC, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, last reviewed August 21, 2020, www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/resources/publications/aag/diabetes.htm (http://www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/resources/publications/aag/diabetes.htm).




30


Cheen etal., Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Primary Medication Non-Adherence in Chronic Disease.




31


Type 2 Diabetes, CDC, Diabetes, page last reviewed May 30, 2019, www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/type2.html (http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/type2.html); Complications, American Diabetes Association, 2020, www.diabetes.org/diabetes/complications (http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes/complications).




32


Dario Giugliano etal., Clinical Inertia, Reverse Clinical Inertia, and Medication Non-Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes, Journal of Endocrinological Investigation 42, no. 5 (2018): 495503, doi:10.1007/s4061801809518 (http://doi.org/10.1007/s40618%E2%80%93018%E2%80%930951%E2%80%938); Kam Capoccia, Peggy S. Odegard, and Nancy Letassy, Medication Adherence with Diabetes Medication, Diabetes Educator 42, no. 1 (2015): 3471, doi:10.1177/0145721715619038 (http://doi.org/10.1177/0145721715619038).




33


Kimberly Holland and Valencia Higuera, The Dangers of Abruptly Stopping Antidepressants, Healthline, updated May 11, 2020; Randy Sansone and Lori Sansone, Antidepressant Adherence: Are Patients Taking Their Medications? Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience 9 (2012): 4146.




34


Robby Nieuwlaat etal., Interventions for Enhancing Medication Adherence, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, November 20, 2014, doi:10.1002/14651858.cd000011.pub4 (http://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd000011.pub4).




35


Meera Viswanathan etal., Interventions to Improve Adherence to Self-Administered Medications for Chronic Diseases in the United States, Annals of Internal Medicine 157, no. 11 (2012): 785, doi:10.7326/000348191571120121204000538 (http://doi.org/10.7326/0003%E2%80%934819%E2%80%93157%E2%80%9311%E2%80%93201212040%E2%80%9300538).




36


Jan Horsky and Harley Ramelson, Cognitive Errors in Reconciling Complex Medication Lists, AMIA Annual Symposium Proceedings, 2016, 638.   ,           ,  1,56 .




37


Brooke Hoots etal., 2018 Annual Surveillance Report of Drug-Related Risks and Outcomes United States, CDC National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, August 31, 2018, www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/pdf/pubs/2018-cdc-drug-surveillance-report.pdf (http://www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/pdf/pubs/2018-cdc-drug-surveillance-report.pdf); Statistics on Addiction in America, Addiction Center, 2021, www.addictioncenter.com/addiction/addiction-statistics/ (http://www.addictioncenter.com/addiction/addiction-statistics/); Lawrence Scholl etal., Drug and Opioid-Involved Overdose Deaths United States, 20132017, CDC, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports, January 4, 2019, www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/67/wr/mm675152e1.htm (http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/67/wr/mm675152e1.htm); What Is the U.S. Opioid Epidemic? HHS.Gov/Opioids, last reviewed September 4, 2019, www.hhs.gov/opioids/about-the-epidemic/index.html (http://www.hhs.gov/opioids/about-the-epidemic/index.html).




38


Tulip Mazumdar, Are We Missing the Real Opioid Drug Crisis? BBC News, February 1, 2018.




39


Heide Brandes and Nate Raymond, J&J Liable for $572 Million in Oklahoma Opioid Epidemic Trial; Shares Rise, Reuters, August 26, 2019, www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-opioids-litigation-oklahoma/jj-liable-for-572-million-in-oklahoma-opioid-epidemic-trial-shares-rise-idUSKCN1VG0V2 (http://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-opioids-litigation-oklahoma/jj-liable-for-572-million-in-oklahoma-opioid-epidemic-trial-shares-rise-idUSKCN1VG0V2).




40


Brigid C. Flynn, You Never Know When Youll Need a Vicodin: An Era of Opioid Abuse, Journal of the American Pharmacists Association 57, no. 3 (2017): 299, doi:10.1016/j.japh.2017.02.024 (http://doi.org/10.1016/j.japh.2017.02.024).




41


Jan Hoffman, Katie Thomas, and Danny Hakim, 3,271 Pill Bottles, a Town of 2,831: Court Filings Say Corporations Fed Opioid Epidemic, NewYork Times, July 19, 2019, www.nytimes.com/2019/07/19/health/opioids-trial-addiction-drugstores.html (http://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/19/health/opioids-trial-addiction-drugstores.html).




42


The Process of Becoming a Doctor How Many Years Does It Take? The Apprentice Doctor, April 17, 2017, www.theapprenticedoctor.com/the-process-of-becoming-a-doctor/ (http://www.theapprenticedoctor.com/the-process-of-becoming-a-doctor/); How to Become a Surgeon, The Apprentice Doctor, January 1, 2017, www.theapprenticedoctor.com/how-to-become-a-surgeon/ (http://www.theapprenticedoctor.com/how-to-become-a-surgeon/).




43


The Deceptive Salary of Doctors, Best Medical Degrees, accessed April 12, 2020, www.bestmedicaldegrees.com/salary-of-doctors/ (http://www.bestmedicaldegrees.com/salary-of-doctors/).




44


Fentanyl DrugFacts, NIH National Institute on Drug Abuse, February 28, 2019, www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/fentanyl (http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/fentanyl).




45


Mariel Padilla, After Dozens of Fentanyl Killings, Hospital C.E.O. and 23 Employees Are Forced Out, NewYork Times, July 12, 2019, www.nytimes.com/2019/07/12/us/hospital-fentanyl-murder.html?searchResultPosition=5 (http://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/12/us/hospital-fentanyl-murder.html?searchResultPosition%3d5).




46


Erik Ortiz, Nurses Defend Ohio Doctor Accused of Murdering 25 Patients in Lawsuit Against Hospital, NBC News, December 19, 2019, www.nbcnews.com/news/crime-courts/nurses-defend-ohio-doctor-accused-murdering-25-patients-lawsuit-against-n1102796 (http://www.nbcnews.com/news/crime-courts/nurses-defend-ohio-doctor-accused-murdering-25-patients-lawsuit-against-n1102796).




47


Jim Woods, Working with Dr. Husel at Mount Carmel Brought Trouble to Colleagues, Columbus Dispatch, May 17, 2020.




48


Mark D. Smith, Best Care at Lower Cost (Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2012).


