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notes








1


. :  .  . .. -.




2


Mark Twain, Life ontheMississippi, reprint ed. (NewYork: Penguin Putnam, 2001),54.




3


. :  .  . .. . .




4


Joseph Conrad, Heart ofDarkness andTheSecret Sharer, reprint ed. (NewYork: Signet Classics, 1950),102.




5


     (.. ):

		   ,
		,  ,
		 ,   ,
		, , ,
		頖 -.

..




6


TheNewYork Times (Jan. 14, 1900),14.




7


Libby Hill, TheChicago River: ANatural andUnnatural History (Chicago: Lake Claremont Press, 2000),127.




8


Cited inHill, TheChicago River,133.




9


,  .  1:28.




10


Roger LeB. Hooke andJos F. Mart?n-Duque, Land Transformation byHumans: AReview, GSA Today, 22 (2012), 410.




11


    640. ..




12


Katy Bergen, Oklahoma Earthquake Felt inKansas City, andasFar asDesMoines andDallas, TheKansas City Star (Sept. 3, 2016), kansascity.com/news/local/article99785512.html (http://kansascity.com/news/local/article99785512.html).




13


Yinon M. Bar-On, Rob Phillips, andRon Milo, TheBiomass Distribution onEarth, Proceedings oftheNational Academy ofSciences, 115 (2018), 65066511.




14


Historical Vignette 113Hide theDevelopment oftheAtomic Bomb, U. S. Army Corps ofEngineers Headquarters, usace.army.mil/About/History/Historical-Vignettes/Military-Construction-Combat/113-Atomic-Bomb/ (http://usace.army.mil/About/History/Historical-Vignettes/Military-Construction-Combat/113-Atomic-Bomb/).




15


P.Moy, C. B. Shea, J. M. Dettmers, andI. Polls, Chicago Sanitary andShip Canal Aquatic Nuisance Species Dispersal Barriers, ,  , : glpf.org/funded-projects/aquatic-nuisance-species-dispersal-barrier-for-the-chicago-sanitary-and-ship-canal/ (http://glpf.org/funded-projects/aquatic-nuisance-species-dispersal-barrier-for-the-chicago-sanitary-and-ship-canal/).




16


. : Thomas Just, ThePolitical andEconomic Implications oftheAsian Carp Invasion, Pepperdine Policy Review, 4 (2011), digitalcommons.pepperdine.edu/ppr/vol4/iss1/3 (http://digitalcommons.pepperdine.edu/ppr/vol4/iss1/3).




17


Patrick M. Kocovsk?, Duane C. Chapman, andSong Qian, Asian Carp IsSocietally andScientifically Problematic. Lets Replace It, Fisheries, 43 (2018), 311316.




18


  : theChina Fisheries Yearbook 2016,  : Louis Harkell, China Claims 69m Tons ofFish Produced in2016, Undercurrent News (Jan. 19, 2017), undercurrentnews.com/2017/01/19/ministry-of-agriculture-china-produced-69m-tons-of-fish-in-2016/ (http://undercurrentnews.com/2017/01/19/ministry-of-agriculture-china-produced-69m-tons-of-fish-in-2016/).




19


 .  . .: , 1965.




20


William Souder, OnaFarther Shore: TheLife andLegacy ofRachel Carson (NewYork: Crown, 2012),280.




21


Rachel Carson, Silent Spring, 40th anniversary ed. (NewYork: Mariner, 2002),297.




22


Andrew Mitchell andAnita M. Kelly, ThePublic Sector Role intheEstablishment ofGrass Carp intheUnited States, Fisheries, 31 (2006), 113121.




23


Anita M. Kelly, Carole R. Engle, Michael L. Armstrong, Mike Freeze, andAndrew J. Mitchell, History ofIntroductions andGovernmental Involvement inPromoting theUse ofGrass, Silver, andBighead Carps, inInvasive Asian Carps inNorth America, Duane C. Chapman andMichael H. Hoff, eds. (Bethesda, Md.: American Fisheries Society, 2011), 163174.




24


Henry David Thoreau, AWeek ontheConcord andMerrimack Rivers, reprint ed. (NewYork: Penguin, 1998),31.




25


Duane C. Chapman, Facts About Invasive Bighead andSilver Carps,  United States Geological Survey,  : pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3033/pdf/FS20103033.pdf (http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3033/pdf/FS2010%E2%80%933033.pdf).




26


Dan Egan, TheDeath andLife oftheGreat Lakes (NewYork: Norton, 2017), 156. Dan Chapman, AWar intheWater, U. S. Fish andWildlife Service, southeast region (March19, 2018), fws.gov/southeast/articles/a-war-in-the-water/ (http://fws.gov/southeast/articles/a-war-in-the-water/).




27


Egan, TheDeath andLife oftheGreat Lakes,177.




28


. : Tom Henry, Congressmen Urge Aggressive Action toBlock Asian Carp, TheBlade (Dec. 21, 2009), toledoblade.com/local/2009/12/21/Congressmen-urge-aggressive-action-to-block-Asian-carp/stories/200912210014 (http://toledoblade.com/local/2009/12/21/Congressmen-urge-aggressive-action-to-block-Asian-carp/stories/200912210014).




29


Lawsuit Against theU. S. Army Corpof Engineers andtheChicago Water District, Department oftheMichigan Attorney General, michigan.gov/ag/0,4534,7-359-82915_82919_82129_82135447414-,00.html (http://michigan.gov/ag/0,4534,7%E2%80%93359%E2%80%9382915_82919_82129_82135%E2%80%93447414%E2%80%94,00.html).




30


TheGreat Lakes andMississippi River Interbasin Study,  GLMRIS  , isavailable at: glmris.anl.gov/glmris-report/ (http://glmris.anl.gov/glmris-report/).




31


 ( ) 187  ,   ,        (NOAA)  : glerl.noaa.gov/glansis/GLANSISposter.pdf (http://glerl.noaa.gov/glansis/GLANSISposter.pdf).




32


Phil Luciano, Asian Carp More Than aSlap intheFace, Peoria Journal Star (Oct. 21, 2003), pjstar.com/article/20031021/NEWS/310219999 (http://pjstar.com/article/20031021/NEWS/310219999).




33


Doug Fangyu, Asian Carp: Americans Poison, Chinese Peoples Delicacy, China Daily USA (Oct. 13, 2014), http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/epaper/2014-10/13/content_18730596.htm (http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/epaper/2014-10/13/content_18730596.htm).

2


