  :       
 

 


              (18661938)  -   (18811943),    .     .. -    (1983),  ,    ,         ,          20-30-   .   ,    ,    .     1936 .





        

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,     ,        .    ,      (, . ; 18661938),  ,   :        [1 - , ,   ,    ,   ,    ,    .   , ,      ,     ,     , . -,   :      (Paris: La Presse Libre, 1983       : -,     ),         ,        ,    .        (Benjamin Fondane. Rencontres avec Leon Chestov / Textes etablis et annotes par Nathalie Baranoff et Michel Carassou; Preface de Michel Carassou. Paris: Plasma, 1982)       .         .         <Paris:> YMCA-Press, 2011). , ,    ,              ,    .        (.: . ,   :       ,  , 1921, 2 (-), . 345),            - , .  .  (  25  1955.):        ( . . 19061980 / . .. , .  ..  < .>; . A. . ;  .  .. . .:  , 2012, . 609-10).      ,                 , ,  , . ,   ,    ,   ,  B. . , .. , ..   .,       .].      ,      ,   , .     ,    ,      ,              .            [2 -        ,   ,  ,  . :  .  ( , 1970, 99, . 224-36)      .    .  ,   (: La presse libre, 1980, cc. 7780),   ,     . , .: .. ,  ,  .:  . : 2- , . 1. .: , 1993, . 14. .    .  (    .   . )    (. .         : ( ,  ,  ). .: -, 1997).].

 . ,  () ,         ,    . ,         ,                  ,     ,    ,  ,    ,      ,          ,             .      ,     .

   26  1881. ,      ,    .  1893.,    12 ,        ,  ,   ,        ,      ,   .   Ch. Eitingon Aktiengesellschaft     - .

     ,            ,     ()  (18831956),     ,     , ..     (        Vetter      cousin,  Schwager  , , ).     -    ,   ,  Eitingon Schild Company,   Motty Eitingon Inc.,   -.

        ,                        ,       (18991981),       (  ,  ,    .  , , )  .,      ,    ,        (, ,   )     [3 -  ..  ., ,   ..     (.. -. :    19301950 . .: -, 1997; .. .    :      : 2- . .: : -, 1998); .. .      . .: , 2003; Mary-Kay Wilmers. The Eitingons: A Twentieth-Century Story. London: New York: Verso, 2010 ( )  .].

    ,  ,  :  ,  (.  2  2)     ,       .  1909.      Uber die Wirkung des Anfalls auf die Assoziationen der Epileptischen           .   ,          (   ,     .),     ,  13        .   1907.,      . ,         ,     ,     :  ,

 ,  ,  ,  .   1919.    .. Geheime Komitee ( )     ,   1927.,      ,      ,     1933., ..     .

  20- .      Potsdamerstrasse      [4 -        ,  . ;       Rauchstrasse 4.],        ,   ,  ,    .

        .  1910.    ,      ,     ,  ,  ,     [5 -      ,  1933.,   , -,    (.: Sefer ha-ishim: Leksikon eretz-esraeli. Tel Aviv: Masada, 1937 <ss.> 41-2 ()), .  . 1  60,  24  1933.].   ,    ,   , ,       ,       ,       .    Palestine Psychoanalytical Association  Psychoanalytical Institute,     .

     ,      ,    ,    (18771947)[6 - . :  ,      , : - -    (), 2004, 4/5, cc. 177202;  . ,  :     : 2- . Jerusalem: The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Center of Slavic Languages and Literatures, 2011 ( ); Izabella Ginor, Gideon Remez, Her Son, the Atomic Scientist: Mirra Birens, Yuli Khariton, and Max Eitingons Services for the Soviets, Journal of Modern Studies, 2012, vol. 11, n 1, pp. 3959.] , -,   ,               ,  [7 - Izabella Ginor, Gideon Remez, Her Son, the Atomic Scientist: Mirra Birens, Yuli Khariton, and Max Eitingons Services for the Soviets, p. 43.].        ,     17  1909.[8 - Ibid.]   1912.    .

          -  ,  -   :     ,  ,   ,     -         ,     ,     .  , ,     ,                  [9 -        ..     -,         (19041996),         .].          . ,          .

,  .      (1943)[10 -   -  Assistant Producer.],      , , , -,  ,            [11 - .. .  : 5- , . 3. .: , 1997, . 194.  ,   ,       ,        . , ,             -  ,        (Albert Parry, Belles Lettres Among the Russian Emigres, American Mercury, 1933, vol. 29, n 115, . 318).].         ,          ,    ,       ,  ,   ,  , .       --,      ,       (.  7, 8).

  20-         ,   Tiergarten park  Rauchstrasse 4 (.  12)[12 -  2-  1928.         Dahlem (Altensteinstrasse 26).].  Joan Riviere,        ,     ,  ,     ,   ,      ,     :



   ,  , ,   , , ,      [13 - .  .: Brenda Maddox. Freud s Wizard: Ernest Jones and the Transformation of Psychoanalysis. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press, 2007, . 173.].


     ,  ,   ,   ,   .           ()  (18731965)[14 - .        90-   -     (1964, 18571, 13 , . 3).]   , , ,        (18711957),     -,      [15 - .: Herman Lowtzky, Leo Schestow, Archiv fur systematische Philosophie und Soziologie, Bd. 29, Heft 1/2, ss. 70-7;  ,   .. ,  , 1936, 5439, 13 , . 3;  ,     , , 1960, 45, . 7898; 46, . 123-41.].            (1909)[16 - .: Fanny Lowtzky. Studien zur Erkenntnistheorie. Rickerts Lehre uber die logische Struktur der Naturwissenschaft und Geschichte. Borna; Leipzig: Buchdr. R. Noske, 1910.], .. -,    1922.   ,       [17 - .: -, I: 235, 241;   .      .  : Sigmund Freud  Max Eitingon.] (.  16,  16  1924.,         ,      ,   -      -    ). ,   ,  .    ,      ,    , . , [18 - .,  : Fanny Lowtzky. Soren Kierkegaard, das subjektiveErlebnis unddie religiose Offenbarung: Einepsychoanalytische Studie einerFast-Selbst-Analyse. Wien: Intemationaler psychoanalytischer Verlag, 1935    : Soeren Kirkegaard, lexperience subjective et la revelation religieuse: Etude psychanalytique. Paris: Editions Denoel&Steele, 1937.]

       1922.,       ,      ,       (. . 1  11,  6  1924.)[19 -         .: Izabella Ginor, Gideon Remez, Her Son, the Atomic Scientist: Mirra Birens, Yuli Khariton, and Max Eitingons Services for the Soviets, p. 40.]. ,         , ,    (   .   20 (?)  1922.), ,      .



     ,     :    .    ,  [20 - -, I: 241.].


    . ,         ( 10  1922.),  :



   .    ,   .          .   <>,  ,       , ,        ,   ,           .    ,      ,  ,     . ,  ,     . ,      ,     ,       .   <>           Oedipus-Komplexus       [21 -  , I: 243.].


     ,         .             .    -  , 



       ,      [22 - Mary-Kay Wilmers. The Eitingons: A Twentieth-Century Story. London; New York: Verso, 2010, p. 186.].


 ,  , ,     ,        .          ..  (.  . 1  75,  5  1936.)  ,   60-,    ,     ,



   ,     [23 - Ehoshua and David Shor Coll., Dept. of Manuscript and Rare Books of the National Library of Israel (Jerusalem), Arc 4 1521/67.].


  .. ,        ,    ,  ,      - [24 - ,      ,  ;    . - .        : .. .  . .:   , 2009.],   , 



      [25 - .. .  , . 258.].


, ,  ,                 .      ,                               [26 - .   ,     ,       ,   ,  -      (Michael Finkenthal. Lev Shestov: Existential Philosopher and Religious Thinker. Peter Lang, 2010, p. 43),    .   VII-  .  (   , 1921)     ( .  < 4- >, . 4. .; :  , Gesharim, 2000, c. 32).].    - - ,         --       ,   [27 - ., : Genevieve Piron. Leon Chestov,philosophie du deracinement: Lagenese de loeuvre / Preface de Georges Nivat. Lausanne: LAge dHomme, 2010, p. 215.].

        ,       ,     .. . ,   ,      ,     (     ),     - ,             ,  , ,      .        20-  1939.  -  :



  ,

,  ,        .  ,    ,     ,    ,          ,      <>,    ,        .    ,       ,        ,   ,        ,         (,   ),        ,             (        )               .    -       ,        .  ,    . ,    ,  ,  ,   .         ;           ;              ;         ,              ,    .        ,     , , ,  ,  ,   ,         ?     <>    ,     ?           ,         ,     ,          ?

    <>   .       ,  ,                  .

,  ,     :          ,       ;   ,     ,   .           ,    .

             .         .      ,       ,        ,  ,         .       ,  ?          ?  ,        ,      ,        ______________________?[28 -    2-, , ,    .       ,      1-   .]

     .    ,         .   ,      [29 - Ehoshua and David Shor Coll., Dept. of Manuscript and Rare Books of the National Library (Jerusalem), Arc 4 1521/67.].


   ,     , ,   - 1923. (. . 1  1,  7  1923.), ,  ,    -    Tiergarten,  ,   ,  Dahlem (    ,  29  1923.,  :



   .      ,    . , .     Tirgrten,     [30 - -, I: 259.]).


 ,    ,  ,      ,            ,    [31 -            . , .: . . .  .         (18181945) / . . . . .:   , 2004, . 398; ,      (  )    10,       ,     , : Rauchstrasse 4;      ,    .. :       Hitzigsrasse (.. .  . .:   , 2009, . 261).],      ,       ,   .      , 



in the latter role, he was guided and assisted by Mirra, who became a prominent society figure and literary-musical soiree hostess. Their trendy and sumptuous house-hold was a Berlin pied-a-terre and meeting place for Russian intellectuals and other expatriates of all political stripes, as well as the impoverished Freudian coterie, all of whom were dazzled by the luxuries of Hotel Eitingon[32 - Izabella Ginor, Gideon Remez, Her Son, the Atomic Scientist: Mirra Birens, Yuli Khariton, and Max Eitingons Services for the Soviets, p. 45.     Hotel Eitingon     ,     :   ,  ,   .    -  8  1922. (Sigmund Freud and Lou Andreas-Salome: Letters / Ed. by Ernst Pfeiffer. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1972, p. 118)      (1922),     .: Mary-Kay Wilmers. The Eitingons: A Twentieth-Century Story, p. 187.].


           , , , ,   ,      ,         ,          ,    ,    ,  :     ,     , ,  ,        ,         . .,  ,  32  33 (  6   3  1926.):         ,        ,       .

 1922-23.     ,               ()     (18671939).           (. ; 18791940),        [33 - . , :  .    . .: , 1997.  . .     -, ,    ,   ,     , .:    :        / ., .   . . , , 2013, 5 (. : http://magazines.russ.ru/zvezda/2013/5/e15.html (http://magazines.russ.ru/zvezda/2013/5/e15.html)).],   ,      ,       (18931937? 1938?)[34 -  ..  . .: .. .  :   . .: , 2012;          ..   .. ,          .. .],    ,     (,           , ,         ).

,            - ,        .      ,         ,                 .



 , ,      ,   ,    ,    ,        .. . -

    ,   :   ,    .        :   ,      .     .    ,     ,     .             -,  , , 

       :  , ,     . ,   , ,              ,    II     -      [35 - .. .   :        . . 3-, . . .: , 1984, .634.].


         .

 ,     ,   ,          ,   ,           .    ,       ,    , ,     (    . ,    ),    ,  [36 -     1925.    ;    ,    ,  1930.    .  .] (.    11),       .. ,   ,   17  18    9  27  1924.[37 -   ,      ,   ,      ,       :     , ,  ,  ,   ,       , ,   ,    .     .]

        . . ,      ,   ,  , , ,  ,  ,  ,     :



      ,    .         [38 -  , 1925, 23, . 477, 479.].


        .  (    )         ,



,   ,   ,   ,  , ,  :  , , ,    ,        [39 -  ,   (),  , 1924, 1098, 23 , . 3.    .   .  (, 1925, 339, 19 , . 3);       .  (  , 1929, 56, 21 , . 2).].


 ,   ,        ,    -   ,      .      ,       ,     (. . ) :

		   ,
		   ?
		, ,
		, ,
		  ?

		  , ,
		  ?
		  
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		    ,
		   
		  ,
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		,  
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		     :
		  ,
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		   ?..
		 ,  
		  ,
		   ?[40 -   (), 1934, 2 (14), . 22.]

         ,   ,     ( ,       ,     )[41 -   (10)     - -.  ,         ,   ,    ,      .. , . . 1  24,  5  1925. , ,         ,  , ,        ,     ,    ,  - (       ),  ,           ,      ,           .    .: . , . , Homo cogitus,    黔,  .: ..   . .:   , 2009, . 5-30. .  . 3 . 11.].

       .. ,           ,   .  ,  -     ,     ,   . ,          ,    -     - [42 - .: Stephen Schwartz, Intellectuals and Assassins  Annals of Stalins KiUerati, New York Times Book Review, 1988, January 24, pp. 3, 30-1.], , ,    . [43 - Olga Tabachnikova, Cultural Anxieties of Russian-Jewish Emigres: Max Eitingon and Lev Shestov, The Russian Jewish Diaspora and European Culture, 19171937 / Ed. by Jorg Schulte <et al.>. Lieden; Boston: Brill, 2012, pp. 127-45.],     ,   , ,    ,   -   ,     . ,  ,          

        22  1937.   .       ,        ,    ,   .           ,     ,    ,    ,       ,    :     .   ,    .               [44 -   60- .          -      , .: . ,  ,  , 1969, 2, . 104-12.].

  ,         ,                ,         ,        [45 - ., .: John J. Dziak. Chekisty: A History of the KGB. Lexington (Massachusetts), Toronto, 1988, pp. 101-02.],         contra      pro          ,   ,       .     ,    contra     ,  .

             , , ,      ,     ,         .   , ,     :  ,      .   . ,      ,    (     26    ,    -,    ),        , 20 ,        .   :    ,         ?                    .



  .       1937 ,        .. ,        ,     ,   ? <>,    , ,        .   ,     ,    ,    .         .    ?[46 - ..<>,  .. ,  , 1938, 11 .]


       -, ,    ,    1934. ,      , Davar,   , 20  1938.,      -         : (    ),  ,        .     :



 ,     <sic>?     -?  ?

,       -     .


         Davar   , Ha-aretz,     ,        :



       ,        ,          .

 ,  -    ,  ,  ,    ,      ,  ,     ,     .     Ha-aretz ,  -     ,       .

 ,    ,     .         ,    .

   30       ,      ,    ,  ,  ,      .  ,   ,             ,      [47 - Davar, 1938, n 4089, November 21 <s.> 6; Ha-aretz, 1938, n XXI (5874), November 21 <s.> 3.].


    , ,   (  )      ( )    ,             (,  ,            ).   ,            .   ,    ,  . , , ,   , ,              ,  ,    ,     -,       [48 - Pavel Sudoplatov and Anatoli Sudoplatov (with Jerrold L. and Leona P. Schecter). Special Tasks: The Memoirs of an Unwanted Witness  A Soviet Spymaster / Foreword by Robert Conquest. Boston: Little, Brown&Co., 1994, pp. 36-7.].    ,    , ,  ,  Mary-Kay Wilmers[49 - .: Mary-Kay Wilmers. The Eitingons: A Twentieth-Century Story. London; New York: Verso, 2010.],              . . ,   ,      . ,           .            :



          <sic>     ,  .     , ,   ,     .  -,           ,    ,     .   1937    ,     ,           V[50 -  :       George V,    ,     :    ,    26, rue George Sand (Paris, 16-e).].          .  6   20 ,      ,        .          .

      ,    .          [51 -  .  : (--   ). .:  , 1993, . 371.].


    ,    .                 11  1939. .          :         ,    ,               ,              .      ,    20         1940.[52 -    1944,      (. 37).]              [53 -   ,       ,        .  .  (; 18861938),    ,          ,         1927.  , , ,    .      ,      ,      . , ,    . ,       (.  4,  16  1924. . 8 ),   -   ,         ,      .    ,  ,I immediately retained Henry Torres, the famous lawyer, for the defense, and I have no doubt it was entirely due to his eloquent plea that Schwartzbart was acquitted. An ardent Zionist, he emigrated to Israel, where he was able to make a respectable career for himself (Leonard Rosenthal. The Perl and I. New York: Vantage Press, 1955, p. 77). ,     .      ,  .      ,      (25  1926.)  40 ,   (a young Jew).             .  -            : , -,          ,     ,         .        ,    ( 1967          Heroes Acre  ).].

 -        ,        :  ,  -,   ,      ,       -[54 - .: Max Eitingon: In Memoriam. Jerusalem: Psycho-Analytical Society, 1950.]       ,      ,     ,    ,        .     - T Draper,      The New York Review of Books,         ,



Dr. Max Eitingon is one of the most remarkable cases on record of double life or personality. In one of his incarnations, he was a man who had seemingly devoted his entire life to the advancement of psychoanalysis. In the other, he had belonged to a special unit which had carried out some of Stalins most murderous missions outside Russia[55 - Theodore Draper, The Mystery of Max Eitingon, The New York Review of Books, 1988, April 14, p. 32.].


    30  1943.       :    ,     [56 - Arnold Zweig, Mira Eitingon: in memoriam, The Palestine Post, 1947, 10 October, p. 3.].

   ,     ,              ,     ..   .. -[57 - .. .  :     . .: - , 2005.],       ,   -  ,   -     .   (      )             .   [58 -  .  :    . .: Meduza, 1993.  , ,     ,      ,   , .    ,   ,     ,    ,   . , ,       :   .. ,   ,   .        .. .      (. 40,  4  1927),     , .  :,           ,       .        .          ( , . 302).    ,                -   /  ,     , ,                    .. ,  ..      ,    ,  ,    ,   ,        (. . 11   ).],      ,   , , ,     -  .           

..  (      )     -   ,        ,         ,                     (,  ,          ,    ,  ,    ,           ,     ),    , , -    ( ,  ,    [59 - , ,     . ,    , , -   -,   - .],        ).         (      ,     :   ,         ,      :    ,      ,  < >            [60 - .. .  :     , . 179.])         .        ,                  ,      ,    [61 - .  .      (.: , 1997),      .].

,         ,     ,  , ,   ,        .

                   ?                 ?[62 -          . : Izabella Ginor, Gideon Remez, Her Son, the Atomic Scientist: Mirra Birens, Yuli Khariton, and Max Eitingons Services for the Soviets, pp. 4950.]         ,   ,        ?          ,     .           ,      -  ,    ,         60-  .. .      ,   ,      ,          .         [63 -      ,  12  1926.,          Pleiades  ,       .],       [64 - ,          ..  .. ,      ,     1929.       ,         ,  (  19  1929.):..  ,   ,    ,   :     , <>,  (    .: ..  / ., . . . . ,   (, 19201940).   , . 2 /  . .   . . .:   , 2012, . 186).].  ,  ,        ,    ,   ,      , .          (8, 10, 12),       .   , ,    -     (.,  ,  ,      13  1936.,     . 1  75,  5  1936.),   , -,  . ,       ,  ,   (   !)     ,  ,     ,    .          ,           ,  ,     ,   ,  , . ., ,        20  1930.:



  !

           .   ,   ,               .     ,                 <> <>: ,       ,    ,        .


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 ,     ,            .       ,   .     , ,  ,   .   ,      ,      ,    ,          .          ,        !


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,     50 ,  ,          ,            .   ,                  ,     . ,  ,    ,   . 50   , ,   ,  ,             , ,  , ,   ,   ,           . ,          ,                       ,      ,       , , .            ,    .  ,  ,       <->         .         ,           .  ,  ,        ,         .              ,       .      ,          ,          .   ,      ,  , .   :      ,         ,            ,    


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 ,    ,          ,     (       ), , ,  . ,              [65 -    ,   ,        1923.  1922.                .      ,   4           ( ,           , .      .   27  1922., -, I: 241).             -:       27  1922,    (   ,       . !)       ,  ,  ,   (.. ,     (19201925) / . .   . , :  . 6. .:  : , 1992, . 269),        , .. -:    (     ),    ,         ,            .       ;  ,         .      ,      .        .          ,      ,     .  ,  ,  , ,        ;         , <>         .            .        ,  ..    ,    . ,     ,      ,      . <>     ,     ,      .           .  ,    3040,   (,    ,    23),     -.      ,       .       ,      ,  -   . (     ,        ..        .) (.. -.     (   ). .: , 2000, . 213-14).          . , . ,      .     ,  ,          ,    ,    :  1923. ( , . 212).            , .   4  16  1924. (.. ,     (19201925), . 300, 302;   : -, I: 276) ,   ,  ,        23  (-,  ).].

. -      ( 27  1924.)  :



            ,  ,     .      (  )  ,  ?    ,       .  ,    ,     ,      [66 -  .  / . . .. ; . . .. . .: ; .: - . , 2002, . 381.].


 ,     20 ,    . -,    ,     ( ,   , . . 6  11,  6  1924.)    . .

   , ,       ,             .               ,         ,      - . ,  ,        ˸ (.  45,  4  1929.),     ,        ,     .             , , , ,   .,    ,   ,    ,             (.  46 ( ),  10  1929.,     . ,     Neue Rundschau).

    ,            - (1900-93)    -  .       ,     ,  ,        .         [67 - Bibliographie des revres de Leon Chestov / Etablie par Nathalie Baranoff Paris: Institut detudes slaves, 1975, 1978.]     ,    ,    [68 -    ,        ,      ,  ,     :        (., ., . 6  72,   1936.),          ( ,        100-   (1966),      Queques souveirs sur Leon Chestov).].

, ,     -    ,    ,     -       :         :    (    )         ,   ,  , . ,    ,   ,   ,  :         ,    .   . ,    ,   ,         (       23  1926.)[69 - ..  : 7- , . 7. .:  , 1995, . 47.], ,  ,      [70 -        :   ,        , ,   !   (   ) ( ).],      [71 - ,    .          , ..    . .    (  .  . Paris: YMCA-Press, 1977, . 399). , ,           ,        ,     .].     -,  

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 ,   ,            ,    ,  ,   ,   .        . ,                , ,        :



,       ,   ,   -,    ,         ,     .           , -,   .    15 [72 -  .  :    , . 92.].


        :  , ,        ?              ?                , ,    ,      ,    .     . .       ,        <>    ,       ,     (    ,     ,     ).        ,   ,       [73 -    ,         ,  ,        .    ,             (. 305-06),   ,          .   ,           ( .       ),  ,                   (  ,      ,          -),    , , , .   . 1  24,  5  1925.].  ,              .

     ,        ,           , ,   ,     ,    ,         . , ,    (13,  4  1924.)  ,      .. ,      ,  ,   ,   ,   -     ,         [74 - .   :  <.. >  ,   ,         ,           .    ,    ,  .  , ,   ,       ,        .]  ,  ,   ,         -    .

   .          ,     ,  Neue Rundschau   . ,    ,         ,        (. . 8  28,  27  1926.).

,       , ,   ,    . ,   62,  22  ( ) 1934.               , ,     ..  (18721936),       (18801951), ,   1914. . ,             ,              ,           [75 - .    .: Magnus Ljunggren. The Russian Mephisto: A Study of the Life and Work of Emilii Medtner (Stockholm: Acta Universitatis Stockholmiensis, 1994; Stockholm Studies in Russian Literature, vol. 27;    .:  , 2001);  ,   ,        .].    (60,  24  1933.) ,            ,     ,    .. .      ,    ,           1936.,    ,    . -,     ,         .

,     ,       [76 -          ()  , .: Davar, 1936, n 3315, April 1 <s.> 1.]      1936.,      -      ,   ,            ,         ,    ,  .               . ,                ,    ,            .     ,   ,       ( . ,     ,            . , .   .),        , ,       (1900-73),           (.: E<zra> Z<usman>, Lev Shestov, Davar,




  .


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1


, ,   ,    ,   ,    ,    .   , ,      ,     ,     , . -,   :      (Paris: La Presse Libre, 1983       : -,     ),         ,        ,    .        (Benjamin Fondane. Rencontres avec Leon Chestov / Textes etablis et annotes par Nathalie Baranoff et Michel Carassou; Preface de Michel Carassou. Paris: Plasma, 1982)       .         .         <Paris:> YMCA-Press, 2011). , ,    ,              ,    .        (.: . ,   :       ,  , 1921, 2 (-), . 345),            - , .  .  (  25  1955.):        ( . . 19061980 / . .. , .  ..  < .>; . A. . ;  .  .. . .:  , 2012, . 609-10).      ,                 , ,  , . ,   ,    ,   ,  B. . , .. , ..   .,       .




2


       ,   ,  ,  . :  .  ( , 1970, 99, . 224-36)      .    .  ,   (: La presse libre, 1980, cc. 7780),   ,     . , .: .. ,  ,  .:  . : 2- , . 1. .: , 1993, . 14. .    .  (    .   . )    (. .         : ( ,  ,  ). .: -, 1997).




3


 ..  ., ,   ..     (.. -. :    19301950 . .: -, 1997; .. .    :      : 2- . .: : -, 1998); .. .      . .: , 2003; Mary-Kay Wilmers. The Eitingons: A Twentieth-Century Story. London: New York: Verso, 2010 ( )  .




4


       ,  . ;       Rauchstrasse 4.




5


     ,  1933.,   , -,    (.: Sefer ha-ishim: Leksikon eretz-esraeli. Tel Aviv: Masada, 1937 <ss.> 41-2 ()), .  . 1  60,  24  1933.




6


. :  ,      , : - -    (), 2004, 4/5, cc. 177202;  . ,  :     : 2- . Jerusalem: The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Center of Slavic Languages and Literatures, 2011 ( ); Izabella Ginor, Gideon Remez, Her Son, the Atomic Scientist: Mirra Birens, Yuli Khariton, and Max Eitingons Services for the Soviets, Journal of Modern Studies, 2012, vol. 11, n 1, pp. 3959.




7


Izabella Ginor, Gideon Remez, Her Son, the Atomic Scientist: Mirra Birens, Yuli Khariton, and Max Eitingons Services for the Soviets, p. 43.




8


Ibid.




9


       ..     -,         (19041996),         .




10


  -  Assistant Producer.




11


.. .  : 5- , . 3. .: , 1997, . 194.  ,   ,       ,        . , ,             -  ,        (Albert Parry, Belles Lettres Among the Russian Emigres, American Mercury, 1933, vol. 29, n 115, . 318).




12


 2-  1928.         Dahlem (Altensteinstrasse 26).




13


.  .: Brenda Maddox. Freud s Wizard: Ernest Jones and the Transformation of Psychoanalysis. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press, 2007, . 173.




14


.        90-   -     (1964, 18571, 13 , . 3).




15


.: Herman Lowtzky, Leo Schestow, Archiv fur systematische Philosophie und Soziologie, Bd. 29, Heft 1/2, ss. 70-7;  ,   .. ,  , 1936, 5439, 13 , . 3;  ,     , , 1960, 45, . 7898; 46, . 123-41.




16


.: Fanny Lowtzky. Studien zur Erkenntnistheorie. Rickerts Lehre uber die logische Struktur der Naturwissenschaft und Geschichte. Borna; Leipzig: Buchdr. R. Noske, 1910.




17


.: -, I: 235, 241;   .      .  : Sigmund Freud  Max Eitingon.




18


.,  : Fanny Lowtzky. Soren Kierkegaard, das subjektiveErlebnis unddie religiose Offenbarung: Einepsychoanalytische Studie einerFast-Selbst-Analyse. Wien: Intemationaler psychoanalytischer Verlag, 1935    : Soeren Kirkegaard, lexperience subjective et la revelation religieuse: Etude psychanalytique. Paris: Editions Denoel&Steele, 1937.




19


        .: Izabella Ginor, Gideon Remez, Her Son, the Atomic Scientist: Mirra Birens, Yuli Khariton, and Max Eitingons Services for the Soviets, p. 40.




20


-, I: 241.




21


 , I: 243.




22


Mary-Kay Wilmers. The Eitingons: A Twentieth-Century Story. London; New York: Verso, 2010, p. 186.




23


Ehoshua and David Shor Coll., Dept. of Manuscript and Rare Books of the National Library of Israel (Jerusalem), Arc 4 1521/67.




24


,      ,  ;    . - .        : .. .  . .:   , 2009.




25


.. .  , . 258.




26


.   ,     ,       ,   ,  -      (Michael Finkenthal. Lev Shestov: Existential Philosopher and Religious Thinker. Peter Lang, 2010, p. 43),    .   VII-  .  (   , 1921)     ( .  < 4- >, . 4. .; :  , Gesharim, 2000, c. 32).




27


., : Genevieve Piron. Leon Chestov,philosophie du deracinement: Lagenese de loeuvre / Preface de Georges Nivat. Lausanne: LAge dHomme, 2010, p. 215.




28


   2-, , ,    .       ,      1-   .




29


Ehoshua and David Shor Coll., Dept. of Manuscript and Rare Books of the National Library (Jerusalem), Arc 4 1521/67.




30


-, I: 259.




31


           . , .: . . .  .         (18181945) / . . . . .:   , 2004, . 398; ,      (  )    10,       ,     , : Rauchstrasse 4;      ,    .. :       Hitzigsrasse (.. .  . .:   , 2009, . 261).




32


Izabella Ginor, Gideon Remez, Her Son, the Atomic Scientist: Mirra Birens, Yuli Khariton, and Max Eitingons Services for the Soviets, p. 45.     Hotel Eitingon     ,     :   ,  ,   .    -  8  1922. (Sigmund Freud and Lou Andreas-Salome: Letters / Ed. by Ernst Pfeiffer. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1972, p. 118)      (1922),     .: Mary-Kay Wilmers. The Eitingons: A Twentieth-Century Story, p. 187.




33


. , :  .    . .: , 1997.  . .     -, ,    ,   ,     , .:    :        / ., .   . . , , 2013, 5 (. : http://magazines.russ.ru/zvezda/2013/5/e15.html (http://magazines.russ.ru/zvezda/2013/5/e15.html)).




34


 ..  . .: .. .  :   . .: , 2012;          ..   .. ,          .. .




35


.. .   :        . . 3-, . . .: , 1984, .634.




36


    1925.    ;    ,    ,  1930.    .  .




37


  ,      ,   ,      ,       :

     , ,  ,  ,   ,       , ,   ,    .     .




38


 , 1925, 23, . 477, 479.




39


 ,   (),  , 1924, 1098, 23 , . 3.    .   .  (, 1925, 339, 19 , . 3);       .  (  , 1929, 56, 21 , . 2).




40


  (), 1934, 2 (14), . 22.




41


  (10)     - -.  ,         ,   ,    ,      .. , . . 1  24,  5  1925. , ,         ,  , ,        ,     ,    ,  - (       ),  ,           ,      ,           .    .: . , . , Homo cogitus,    黔,  .: ..   . .:   , 2009, . 5-30. .  . 3 . 11.




42


.: Stephen Schwartz, Intellectuals and Assassins  Annals of Stalins KiUerati, New York Times Book Review, 1988, January 24, pp. 3, 30-1.




43


Olga Tabachnikova, Cultural Anxieties of Russian-Jewish Emigres: Max Eitingon and Lev Shestov, The Russian Jewish Diaspora and European Culture, 19171937 / Ed. by Jorg Schulte <et al.>. Lieden; Boston: Brill, 2012, pp. 127-45.




44


  60- .          -      , .: . ,  ,  , 1969, 2, . 104-12.




45


., .: John J. Dziak. Chekisty: A History of the KGB. Lexington (Massachusetts), Toronto, 1988, pp. 101-02.




46


..<>,  .. ,  , 1938, 11 .




47


Davar, 1938, n 4089, November 21 <s.> 6; Ha-aretz, 1938, n XXI (5874), November 21 <s.> 3.




48


Pavel Sudoplatov and Anatoli Sudoplatov (with Jerrold L. and Leona P. Schecter). Special Tasks: The Memoirs of an Unwanted Witness  A Soviet Spymaster / Foreword by Robert Conquest. Boston: Little, Brown&Co., 1994, pp. 36-7.




49


.: Mary-Kay Wilmers. The Eitingons: A Twentieth-Century Story. London; New York: Verso, 2010.




50


 :       George V,    ,     :    ,    26, rue George Sand (Paris, 16-e).




51


 .  : (--   ). .:  , 1993, . 371.




52


   1944,      (. 37).




53


  ,       ,        .  .  (; 18861938),    ,          ,         1927.  , , ,    .      ,      ,      . , ,    . ,       (.  4,  16  1924. . 8 ),   -   ,         ,      .    ,  ,

I immediately retained Henry Torres, the famous lawyer, for the defense, and I have no doubt it was entirely due to his eloquent plea that Schwartzbart was acquitted. An ardent Zionist, he emigrated to Israel, where he was able to make a respectable career for himself (Leonard Rosenthal. The Perl and I. New York: Vantage Press, 1955, p. 77).

 ,     .      ,  .      ,      (25  1926.)  40 ,   (a young Jew).             .  -            : , -,          ,     ,         .        ,    ( 1967          Heroes Acre  ).




54


.: Max Eitingon: In Memoriam. Jerusalem: Psycho-Analytical Society, 1950.




55


Theodore Draper, The Mystery of Max Eitingon, The New York Review of Books, 1988, April 14, p. 32.




56


Arnold Zweig, Mira Eitingon: in memoriam, The Palestine Post, 1947, 10 October, p. 3.




57


.. .  :     . .: - , 2005.




58


 .  :    . .: Meduza, 1993.  , ,     ,      ,   , .    ,   ,     ,    ,   . , ,       :   .. ,   ,   .        .. .      (. 40,  4  1927),     , .  :

,           ,       .        .          ( , . 302).

    ,                -   /  ,     , ,                    .. ,  ..      ,    ,  ,    ,   ,        (. . 11   ).




59


, ,     . ,    , , -   -,   - .




60


.. .  :     , . 179.




61


.  .      (.: , 1997),      .




62


         . : Izabella Ginor, Gideon Remez, Her Son, the Atomic Scientist: Mirra Birens, Yuli Khariton, and Max Eitingons Services for the Soviets, pp. 4950.




63


     ,  12  1926.,          Pleiades  ,       .




64


,          ..  .. ,      ,     1929.       ,         ,  (  19  1929.):

..  ,   ,    ,   :     , <>,  (    .: ..  / ., . . . . ,   (, 19201940).   , . 2 /  . .   . . .:   , 2012, . 186).




65


   ,   ,        1923.  1922.                .      ,   4           ( ,           , .      .   27  1922., -, I: 241).             -:       27  1922,    (   ,       . !)       ,  ,  ,   (.. ,     (19201925) / . .   . , :  . 6. .:  : , 1992, . 269),        , .. -:



    (     ),    ,         ,            .       ;  ,         .      ,      .

        .          ,      ,     .  ,  ,  , ,        ;         , <>         .            .

        ,  ..    ,    . ,     ,      ,      . <>

     ,     ,      .           .  ,    3040,   (,    ,    23),     -.      ,       .       ,      ,  -   . (     ,        ..        .) (.. -.     (   ). .: , 2000, . 213-14).


          . , . ,      .

     ,  ,          ,    ,    :  1923. ( , . 212).            , .   4  16  1924. (.. ,     (19201925), . 300, 302;   : -, I: 276) ,   ,  ,        23  (-,  ).




66


 .  / . . .. ; . . .. . .: ; .: - . , 2002, . 381.




67


Bibliographie des revres de Leon Chestov / Etablie par Nathalie Baranoff Paris: Institut detudes slaves, 1975, 1978.




68


   ,        ,      ,  ,     :        (., ., . 6  72,   1936.),          ( ,        100-   (1966),      Queques souveirs sur Leon Chestov).




69


..  : 7- , . 7. .:  , 1995, . 47.




70


       :   ,        , ,   !   (   ) ( ).




71


,    .          , ..    . .    (  .  . Paris: YMCA-Press, 1977, . 399). , ,           ,        ,     .




72


 .  :    , . 92.




73


   ,         ,  ,        .    ,             (. 305-06),   ,          .   ,           ( .       ),  ,                   (  ,      ,          -),    , , , .   . 1  24,  5  1925.




74


.   :  <.. >  ,   ,         ,           .    ,    ,  .  , ,   ,       ,        .




75


.    .: Magnus Ljunggren. The Russian Mephisto: A Study of the Life and Work of Emilii Medtner (Stockholm: Acta Universitatis Stockholmiensis, 1994; Stockholm Studies in Russian Literature, vol. 27;    .:  , 2001);  ,   ,        .




76


         ()  , .: Davar, 1936, n 3315, April 1 <s.> 1.


