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        80 -,    Samsung        ,            .                 Samsung:     ,   ,      .        Samsung    Samsung                 ,       ,    .





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 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education

   , 2016


* * *


 Samsung Electronics         蠖       .  Samsung     ,        ;  -,         .   Samsung         ;    ,   .  Samsung     蠖   .         - ,    .

   Samsung            . Samsung       ,          .      , Samsung       -   .

          Samsung Electronics,       Tizen.                .  ,        Tizen,       ,      黠   .

 Samsung       ,    .  Samsung   ,      .           .







  1990-  Samsung Group           ,           .              .    1980-    ,               .  ,  蠖   Samsung     ,      ,       1985   [1 -   (. Plaza Agreement)         ,    1985  , , ,     -  Plaza. . .].        -   ,                   Samsung   .         XXI      ,     .

    ,      ,        ,    Samsung    1993      .         Samsung,              .     :     Samsung            XXI .    ,       ,              .   ,  -,     ,         :  ,    .

, 20  , Samsung     ,       ,   , ,  ,   .   ,   ,      ,      ,     .   Samsung        .     20              ,    .

   Samsung          ,       .             Samsung   ,   .    ,  ,  ,   ,  .    Samsung  ;     ,           .  ,    ,       Samsung           ,      .

          Samsung,   ,       Samsung      .   2004        80    - Samsung (   Samsung Electronics),   堖    .  2008  2011 ,    Samsung,            .  2011             Harvard Business Review ,     頖   ,   Samsung.        ,     .       Samsung    ,              .

 ࠖ    ,    , ,    Samsung      20  ,       .     Samsung       ,   Samsung Electronics.         蠖       ,    ,   ,         Samsung.  ,    ,     .

 ,         ,       Samsung             .     Samsung      ,     ,    .  ,        Samsung           .

  ,       Samsung,  ,       ,   ,            .           ,     ,  ,   ,    .  ,          Samsung,     .

       Samsung,          .    堖    ,      .

 Samsung    .   ,             Samsung,       ,   .   ,        .   ,      蠖    ,   ,  ,    Samsung.



    ʸ,    







   80   Samsung,         .     Samsung,        (-    Samsung Electronics,      頖 Device Solutions),      (   Samsung Electronics)       (   Samsung Electronics).        (    Samsung Electronics     蠖 Consumer Electronics),    (    Samsung Electronics       ⠖ IT & Mobile Communications)     (  System LSI Business   Samsung Electronics),     .          (   ⠖ Semiconductor Business  Samsung Electronics),      (    頖 Telecommunications Networks  Samsung Electronics),     (    頖 LCD Business  Samsung Electronics)      (   ⠖ Semiconductor Business  Samsung Electronics).       Samsung Electronics  2000- .       Samsung,      (     Samsung Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology,    ⠖ Samsung Human Resources Development Center    Samsung SDI Co., Ltd),     (  Samsung Fire & Marine Insurance Co., Ltd.),     (  Samsung Everland Inc.)     ( Samsung C&T Corporation).

      ,     ,  ,  ,    .     (  頖 Media Solutions Center   Samsung Electronics),    ( Samsung Card Co Ltd),  -   ( - Samsung Human Resources Development Center),  -   (   -頖 Corporate Business Innovation Team   Samsung Electronics),  -   (   頖 CTO Ofce  Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology),  -   ( Semiconductor R&D Center   Samsung Electronics),  -   ( DMC R&D Center   Samsung Electronics),  -   (   Samsung Electronics Europe),  -   ( -  Samsung Fire & Marine Insurance Co., Ltd        Corporate Management Support Team  Corporate Strategy Ofce),   -   (      Samsung Electronics),   -   (      Samsung Electronics),   -   (    Mobile Communications  Samsung Electronics),  -    (       頖 Organization Research Department  Samsung Economic Research Institute),  -   (          Samsung Samsung Economic Research Institute)   -   ( Samsung Display Research Center).    ,   ,    ,   ,  ,   .        ,     .

 ࠖ       .     1990- ,         ,         ,   .     ,     .           [2 - Seoul National University Business School (.). . .].  ,       -   ,            2004 .

  ,   ,        ,       ,     ,     .       ,           ,     ,         .            ,         .



  ʸ,    ,      ,       ,       .          ,    ,    .      ,  ,      ,    頖 -, ո  ո.




 I.   



  1     Samsung (  Samsung),        .   1      Samsung  2000-       Samsung   .        .  ,             Samsung.  2     Samsung.         ,       .           ,   Samsung    .




 1.     Samsung?





 Samsung   



 ,     ,       .   XX     ,    ,    ,         .  Samsung     ,            .  Samsung    ,   2014   Fortune    21-        [3 - Worlds Most Admired Companies (). . .].      Samsung    ,    ,  Harvard Business Review,  ,    .

  2013   Samsung Electronics,   ,  228    ( 201 .),       Hewlett-Packard, Siemens  Apple.     Samsung Electronics         .     Samsung Electronics   36    ( 34 .),           .  Samsung Electronics   21                .  2012    Nokia,       .

     Samsung      .           .          ,     .  1980-    Samsung   ,    ,         ,    -,     (.  1.1).






 1.1.     Samsung Group



      1987 ,   Samsung Group    10   ,   2013     41砖  410    (376 .).   Samsung  300- ,   1     318  (301 .)    3  2014 .             Samsung   25,          13  28%.  2012  Samsung      26   ,      (DRAM), -,    ,  ,    (OLED),  , , ,    .

 Samsung       .  2013        4676 .         2006      IBM.  2013  Boston Consulting Group,   ,    ,  Samsung        ,    2008     26- .

  Samsung  2000    .   Bloomberg Businessweek   Interbrand,        2013 [4 - Interbrands Best Global Brands 2013 Ranking (.). . .] Samsung   Toyota,     .     ,  Samsung      .    2013  Samsung Electronics         [5 - Industrial Design Excellence (). . .],      [6 - Industrial Designers Society of America (.). . .]   Bloomberg Businessweek.  ,      .

  ,        , Samsung       .   1990-     OEM-[7 - Original equipment manufacturer (.)   ,   ,     ,   .    ,       ,  ,    . . .]       .   Samsung Electronics   ;   ,         ,      .     ,   Samsung        . , Samsung Electronics      IBM, Sony, Microsoft, Intel, Qualcomm  Hewlett-Packard.   -  ,         ,      Samsung        .




         Samsung


 1987 ,       , Samsung      ,    .         .         .         Samsung     .        ,           ,       .

       Samsung   .  1993           .       :



 ,      ,    .  ,     ,         ,        .


,      ,     1990-         .   ,             .   Samsung      .     1985            - .   Samsung     ,  ,    .   ,   ,     .      :       1980-      ,         .  ,   XXI  Samsung   ,     .  ,     -  ,  ,   .          -.

   ,           ,    .             ,  Sony  Matsushita            .    ,        , ,          . ,     ,      .        : ,      (technological convergence)[8 - Industrial Design Excellence (.). . .].   Samsung      ,            蠖  .           ⠖   ,  -   (cannibalization)[9 - Industrial Designers Society of America (). . .], Samsung      ,        .           ,          .

   , ,     ,    :



1           1987 ; 2   1992    Samsung   DRAM[10 - Original equipment manufacturer (.)   ,   ,     ,   .    ,       ,  ,    . . .]; 3   1993    .         . Samsung           DRAM.  ,             (TFT-LCD),    .             ʻ    Samsung Group.

       Samsung  XXI      ,      .       堖           .    ,             ,   ,    .            ,          .       ,     Samsung,     -.    ,    ,       ࠖ     .



  ,       1997 ,     Samsung,        .      .    Samsung,    ,   ,     ,     .       .

      .     ,  Samsung       ⠖     ,     .            .     ,          Samsung.

      .   2004 ,  Samsung Electronics       10    ( 9 .),              ,  Sony  Panasonic.

      2008 ,       Lehman Brothers,       .    ,    iPhone,    .  Samsung                 . ,  2013   Samsung      32,3%,   Apple   15,5%.   Samsung           ,      ?        .




  Samsung    


          .           ,    .    -   GE   HP.  ,   Toyota             ,     Toyota.           [11 -     Toyota      . : J. Liker, The Toyota Way: 14 Management Principles from the Worlds Greatest Manufacturer (New York: McGraw-Hill, 2003) [ ,  Toyota: 14     , 2014].].

         : ,   .            .        ,      .         ;        .

           .        ,   , ,     ,          (  ,         ).  ,          .  1970-  1980- ,         ,         .  1990- ,         ,         . ,      1997          ,       .

        .            . ,    -   Nissan     ,   Toyota    .

,     , ,     ,      .           ,    ,  ,   .   ,   1994    Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung,   :



 ,        .                   .  ,      ,   .          ,     .


  ,      - Samsung     .  ,            . Samsung       ,              .          Samsung.




   Samsung



    ,      XX ,         : ,        .          .  ,         ,       ,        ,     [12 -  ,     ,    ,    : M. Porter, Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance (New York: Free Press, 1985) [ ,  :        , 2008].].

        1980 ,    XX        .    XXI ,      ,   ,         .   .              ,         . ,           .

               ,         , ,    ,    ,    ,       .   ,  Apple  Toyota,      .

           .     ,       .

Samsung             1990-   -    XXI       ,    . Samsung     . ,  Samsung Electronics,   ,       .      ,             .                .  Samsung       ,      .

           :



    -      ,      .       ,    ,  ,  Samsung     .           .        ,      [13 -    蠖 Lee Kun-Hee, Essay, Dong-A Daily, 1997.].


     Samsung             .         Samsung.    Samsung      . -,    Samsung      ,           . -, Samsung        ,      ,    . -, Samsung         ,    .

       Samsung.         ,          ,     .   Samsung      .        蠖      . ,      Samsung      Samsung.           .




,  


   Samsung Group     ,    75      .    500. ,        .     :    600    63 ,       ,  - ,  ,    .  堖 Samsung Electronics       .

,              .   ,       ;        -   .          .       ,      .  ,        Samsung    ,     [14 -     X-.       : C. Markides, Diversifcation, Refocusing, and Economic Performance (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1995).].

  Samsung            ⠖  . ,       Samsung,   ,    -      .            ,   .    ,  Samsung     Apple,        .      Samsung     Android ,         .

   Samsung    .             ,    LCD.    Samsung    ,     ,    ,       .   ,        .      ,   ,    .

    Samsung     . ,              .             -,          .       Samsung    ,     ,   .  Samsung   ,       .




,  


 Samsung  .            蠖         .    Samsung     ,   ,       , ,   ,  , ,     .

,    ,    1980- ,  -            ,   [15 -  ,    1980-   ,    : G. F. Davis, K. A. Diekmann, and C. H. Tinsley, The Decline and Fall of the Conglomerate Firm in the 1980s: The Deinstitutionalization of an Organizational Form, American Sociological Review, 59 (1994): 547570.].              .   ,   ,    , ,   ,    -      .  , ,           (conglomerate discount)[16 -  ࠖ  ,  ,            ,    . . .].

 1990-           ,     .           .    ,  ,         .           ,     [17 -  ,    1990-    , . : R. M. Grant, Contemporary Strategy Analysis, 6th ed. (Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. 2007) [ ,   , 2008].].

 Samsung    ;    ,        .    Samsung         ,       ,    .   Samsung     .      ,     .  , Samsung     (,  ,  ,   .),          . ,  Samsung     ,       ,    ,        .      ,         .       .

Samsung   General Electric  ,     ,    ,   ,      ,     .     ,  Samsung        蠖       .

   Samsung         ,   Apple, Nokia, Motorola, Hewlett-Packard, Intel, Micron, Sony  Dell.      -     .       Samsung        ,          .




     


  Samsung    ,        .             . Samsung   ,   Toyota  General Electric,        ,    . ,    Samsung Electronics , ,    ,           Toyota,      .

 ,          ,     ;        ,  ,  ,             ;         ,   [18 -      ,      : W. Ouchi, Theory Z: How American Business Can Meet the Japanese Challenge (New York: Avon Books, 1980); J. Abegglen and G. Stalk, Kaisha: The Japanese Corporation (New York: Basic Books, 1985); M. Aoki and R. Dore, The Japanese Firm: The Sources of Competitive Strength (New York: Oxford University Press, 1988); P. Milgrom and J. Roberts, Complementarities and Systems: Understanding Japanese Economic Organization, Estudios Economicos, 9 (1994): 342.].           ,      ,       .                .         ,  -     .      ,   ,     ,   ,     .        ,     ,       .       ,         .

    Samsung                 .           ,      .      .    Samsung  ,    .                . ,  Samsung    ,     (,   ),       ,           .

         ,     ,       .   ,                 . ,              ,      .

   Samsung       .         ,    .   Samsung      ,           .   Samsung     .  ,       ,      .




   Samsung


 , ,     ,     .   Samsung        ?

       ,  Samsung   ,      ,    ,       .        Samsung.   ,  Samsung ( Samsung Electronics)     -      ,   1990-     XXI  ,     .      Samsung,     20         .        ⠖  ,   .      :

  Samsung    ,      ?      ?

     ,  Samsung   ?

      Samsung?            : ,   ,  ,   ,  ?         ?

   Samsung    ?              ?

        ,    ?         ?    ,      ?        Samsung,       ?

 Samsung     Samsung,    ?     ,   ?

      Samsung?          ?



         (.  1.2).   2     Samsung       .           ,    ,  Samsung  .        Samsung  1980-    1990- ,        ,       .     ,  Samsung           .

  II   ,   Samsung:   , ,  ,  ,   .   3     ,        .     Samsung,   -  ,        .






 1.2.  Samsung  



            ,    ,    ,     Samsung.

  4     ,  ,  ,       ,          .   ,      ,    Samsung.         .       Samsung     .

  III      ,       Samsung     .   Samsung,      ,   :        ( 5),    ( 6)    ( 7).         ,           Samsung;   ,     ;      ,   ,         .

  IV     ,      Samsung.        .   8           Samsung,      ,       Samsung. ,   9       Samsung,        .    Samsung       .  ,                    Samsung.      ,       Samsung  .




 2.  Samsung    ?



 Samsung                 .    XX      ,            .

          Samsung   75     .     Samsung   ,         .




  Samsung



 Samsung      (.  2.1):  ( 1938    1950- ),  (  1950-   1960- ),    (  1960-   1980- ),   (  1980-    ).




      ( 1938    1950-)


Samsung    1938   ,      ,   - .      ,     .   ,    , Samsung     .        :     , ࠖ     .    ,   ,         .



 2.1.   Samsung






,  Samsung    ,          .  ࠖ              .    ,       ⠖     Samsung   .




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/li-kenmuk/put-samsung-strategii-upravleniya-izmeneniyami-ot-mirovogo-lidera-v-oblasti-innovaciy-i-dizayna/)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


  (. Plaza Agreement)         ,    1985  , , ,     -  Plaza. . .




2


Seoul National University Business School (.). . .




3


Worlds Most Admired Companies (). . .




4


Interbrands Best Global Brands 2013 Ranking (.). . .




5


Industrial Design Excellence (). . .




6


Industrial Designers Society of America (.). . .




7


Original equipment manufacturer (.)   ,   ,     ,   .    ,       ,  ,    . . .




8


Industrial Design Excellence (.). . .




9


Industrial Designers Society of America (). . .




10


Original equipment manufacturer (.)   ,   ,     ,   .    ,       ,  ,    . . .




11


    Toyota      . : J. Liker, The Toyota Way: 14 Management Principles from the Worlds Greatest Manufacturer (New York: McGraw-Hill, 2003) [ ,  Toyota: 14     , 2014].




12


 ,     ,    ,    : M. Porter, Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance (New York: Free Press, 1985) [ ,  :        , 2008].




13


   蠖 Lee Kun-Hee, Essay, Dong-A Daily, 1997.




14


    X-.       : C. Markides, Diversifcation, Refocusing, and Economic Performance (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1995).




15


 ,    1980-   ,    : G. F. Davis, K. A. Diekmann, and C. H. Tinsley, The Decline and Fall of the Conglomerate Firm in the 1980s: The Deinstitutionalization of an Organizational Form, American Sociological Review, 59 (1994): 547570.




16


 ࠖ  ,  ,            ,    . . .




17


 ,    1990-    , . : R. M. Grant, Contemporary Strategy Analysis, 6th ed. (Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. 2007) [ ,   , 2008].




18


     ,      : W. Ouchi, Theory Z: How American Business Can Meet the Japanese Challenge (New York: Avon Books, 1980); J. Abegglen and G. Stalk, Kaisha: The Japanese Corporation (New York: Basic Books, 1985); M. Aoki and R. Dore, The Japanese Firm: The Sources of Competitive Strength (New York: Oxford University Press, 1988); P. Milgrom and J. Roberts, Complementarities and Systems: Understanding Japanese Economic Organization, Estudios Economicos, 9 (1994): 342.


