1120- ,  , , 2024,  
  


10        .,         .





1120- ,  , , 2024,  



   



ISBN978-5-0059-0884-1

     Ridero



***

       .

 ,      .




TEST11





 1. 


1.   6.       AF ,   17.   ,   ,   .      .    .    .



1. Sleeping well is important tobe healthy.

2. The quality ofyour sleep depends on where youare.

3. Sleeping problems are connected with ageing.

4. Modern gadgets can negatively affect your sleep.

5. Everybody must improve their sleeping habits.

6. Sports can help people tosleep better.

7. Thinking too much before bedtime is abad idea.

***



 . A B C D EF





***

2.   . ,    G    (1 True),   (2 False)   ,        ,    (3 Not stated).       .    .

.

A. Emilys history class requires alot ofeffort.

B. Grandparents ofSams friend are his grandparents neighbours.

C. Sam didnt see his parents for two months.

D. Emily wouldnt want tospend her summer likeSam.

E. InJune Emily was away from home.

F. Emilys family plan tovisit Greece again.

G. Emily wont be able toshow Sam her photos.

***

 . A B C D E FG





***

  .   39    1, 2 3,     .    .



3. Samuel Jeffrey is NOT introduced bythe presenteras

		1) ateacher.
		2) atraveler.
		3) apatriot.

		:

4. Samuel Jeffery considers teaching abroad tobe



1)away ofgetting toknow the world.

2) arisky experience.

3) the best way toearn ones living.



:



5. What encouraged Samuel Jeffrey tostart teaching English?



1)The improvement ofhis teaching skills.

2) Desire towork abroad.

3) His work with Korean students.



:



6. Which ofthe following is TRUE about Samuel Jeffreys teaching English inKorea?



1)It was poorly paid.

2) The students were boring.

3) It left him time for other activities.



:



7. Which ofthe following does Samuel Jeffrey NOT mention as something the teachers salary dependson?

		1) Teachers experience.
		2) Teachersage.
		3) Teachers qualifications.

		:

8. According toSamuel Jeffrey, what advantage is unique toteaching abroad and not found bysimply traveling?



1)An ability tosave money.

2) Abetter study ofanew culture.

3) Feeling ofbelonging inalocal community.



:



9. What advice does Samuel Jeffrey give tothose wishing toteach English abroad?



1)Try tolearn everything there is toabout the prospective school.

2) Stay away from ESL industry.

3) Learn how torecognize the tricky operators.



:



   19     1!      ,   .     12   ,    .         .




 2. 


10.     AG  18.    .      .     .



1. Circles on the Water

2. Ancient Ancestor

3. Different Explanations

4. Unexpected Invention

5. Solution tothe Problem

6. Hidden Menace

7. ArtificialEye

8. Significant Benefits



A.Chocolate chip cookies were actually amistake! One day in1903, Ruth Wakefield, while baking abatch ofcookies, noticed she was out ofbakers chocolate! As asubstitute she broke some semi-sweetened chocolate into small pieces and put them inthe dough. She thought that the chocolate would melt inthe dough and the dough would absorb it. When she opened up the oven, she realized she had invented the tasty treat called chocolate chip cookies!

B. Computers originally began as calculators. The first calculator was made byBlaise Pascal. It only had eight buttons, and it could only do addition and subtraction. There was aset ofwheels, and all ofthe wheels had the numbers zero through nine on them. The wheels were connected bygears and each turn ofone wheel would turn the next wheel one-tenth ofaturn. This machine was completed in1642when Blaise was twenty-one yearsold.

C. Ahelicopter has abig advantage over an airplane, especially when people might be trapped inatight place like on amountain, where there is not much space toland, or on the water. They are also used for rescuing people from burning buildings or from trees when there are floods. Without the helicopter as arescue vehicle, many people would lose their lives because the rescuers would be unable toreach them if they were inadifficult area.

D. Cars have always caused air pollution. Inthe past, there was alot more air pollution created bycars than there is today. Inthe future, there will probably be even less. Two good ways for pursuing the dream ofless air pollution are cars that run on solar energy and cars that run on fuel cells. Solar energy and fuel cells dont cause pollution because they do not give off any exhaust.

E. Reporter Rob Spence is planning tohave acamera embedded inhis eye socket and become abionic reporter. Spence, who lost one ofhis eyes when he was young, says he has aprototype indevelopment and that one day the replacement ofeven healthy eyes with bionic ones may become commonplace. It seems shocking now, but it will become more and more normal, he said.

F. Crop circles have been appearing infields all over the world for the past 30years. There have been suggestions that they are made byflying saucers landing and flattening the crops, or even that they are messages left byvisiting aliens. Others think they are created bymicrowave beams from satellites orbiting the Earth. Other more rational suggestions are that crop circles are man-made hoaxes, attempting toconvince the public ofextra-terrestrial life on Earth.

G. The Egyptian Pyramids have always been surrounded bymystery. When Egyptologists began toopen the tombs ofthe pharaohs, rumours abounded that anyone who raided them would be cursed. Many think acurse was toblame for the death ofLord Carnarvon, who funded the expedition toopen King Tutankhamens tomb in1923. He died ofpneumonia after being bitten byamosquito afew weeks after the tomb was opened.

***



. A B C D E FG



***

11.     AF  ,   17.    17.  ,    , .



The Study ofLife



Biology means the study oflife and it is the science which investigates all living things. Even inthe days before recorded history, people knew and passed on information about plants and animals. Prehistoric people survived bylearning ___ (A). Farming would not have developed if they had not begun tounderstand that animals could produce food like milk and eggs.



The ancient Egyptians studied the life cycle ofinsects and understood the part that insects and pollen played inthe life cycle ofplants. The ancient Mesopotamians even kept animals in___ (B). The ancient Greeks, too, were greatly interested inunderstanding the world around them. Aristotle recorded his observations ofplants and animals, and his successor, Theophrastus, wrote the first books on plant life, ___(C).



Modern biology really began inthe 17th century. At that time, Anton van Leeuwenhoek, inHolland, invented the microscope and William Harvey, inEngland, described the circulation ofblood. The microscope allowed scientists todiscover bacteria, ___ (D). And new knowledge about how the human body works allowed others tofind more effective ways oftreating illnesses.



Inthe middle ofthe 19th century, unnoticed byanyone else, the Austrian monk Gregor Mendel, created his Laws ofInheritance, beginning the study ofgenetics ___ (E). At the same time, while travelling around the world, Charles Darwin was formulating the central principle ofmodern biology-natural selection as the basis ofevolution.



Inthe 20th century, biologists began torecognize how plants and animals live and pass on their genetically coded information tothe next generation. Since then, partly because ofdevelopments incomputer technology, there have been great advances inthe field ofbiology, ___(F).



1. who were very dangerous

2. that is such an important part ofbiology today

3. which made avery important contribution tothe study ofbotany

4. which plants were good toeat and which could be used for medicine

5. what were the earliest zoological gardens

6. which led toan understanding ofthe causes ofdisease

7. which is an area ofever-growing knowledge

***



 . A B C D EF




***

    1218.        1, 2, 3 4,     .




The Hitchhiker


As Andrea turned off the motorway onto the road toBrockbourne, the small village inwhich she lived, it was four oclock inthe afternoon, but already the sun was falling behind the hills. At this time inDecember, it would be completely dark byfive oclock. Andrea shivered. The interior ofthe car was not cold, but the trees bending inthe harsh wind and the patches ofyesterdays snow still heaped inthe fields made her feel chilly inside. It was another ten miles tothe cottage where she lived with her husband Michael, and the dim light and wintry weather made her feel alittle lonely.

She was just coming out ofthe little village ofMickley when she saw an old lady, standing bythe road, with acrude hand-written sign saying Brockbourne inher hand. Andrea was surprised. She had never seen an old lady hitchhiking before. However, the weather and the coming darkness made her feel sorry for the lady, waiting hopefully on acountry road like this with little traffic. Normally, Andrea would never pick up ahitchhiker when she was alone, thinking it was too dangerous, but what was the harm indoing afavor for alittle old lady like this? Andrea pulled up alittle way down the road, and the lady, holding abig shopping bag, hurried over toclimb inthe door which Andrea had opened forher.

When she did get in, Andrea could see that she was not, infact, so little. Broad and fat, the old lady had some difficulty climbing inthrough the car door, with her big bag, and when she had got in, she more than filled the seat next toAndrea. She wore along, shabby old dress, and she had ayellow hat pulled down low over her eyes. Panting noisily from her effort, she pushed her big brown canvas shopping bag down onto the floor under her feet, and said inavoice which was almost awhisper, Thank you dearie. Im just going toBrockbourne.

Do you live there? asked Andrea, thinking that she had never seen the old lady inthe village inthe four years she had lived there herself. No, dearie, answered the passenger, inher soft voice, Im just going tovisit afriend. He was supposed tomeet me back there at Mickley, but his car wont start, so Idecided tohitchhike. Iknew some kind soul would give me alift.

Something inthe way the lady spoke, and the way she never turned her head, but stared continuously into the darkness ahead from under her old yellow hat, made Andrea uneasy about this strange hitchhiker. She didnt know why, but she felt instinctively that there was something wrong, something odd, something.. dangerous. But how could an old lady be dangerous? It was absurd. Careful not toturn her head, Andrea looked sideways at her passenger. She studied the hat, the dirty collar ofthe dress, the shapeless body, the arms with their thick black hairs.. Thick black hairs? Hairy arms? Andreas blood froze. This wasnt awoman. It was aman.

At first, she didnt know what todo. Then suddenly, an idea came into her terrified brain. Swinging the wheel suddenly, she threw the car into askid, and brought it toahalt. My God! she shouted, Achild! Did you see the child? Ithink Ihit her! The old lady was clearly shaken bythe sudden skid. Ididnt see anything dearie, she said. Idont think you hit anything. Im sure it was achild! insisted Andrea. Could you just get out and have alook? Just see if theres anything on the road? She held her breath. Would her plan work?

It did. The passenger slowly opened the car door, leaving her bag inside, and climbed out toinvestigate. As soon as she was out ofthe vehicle, Andrea gunned the engine and soon she had put agood three miles between herself and the awful hitchhiker.

It was only then that she thought about the bag lying on the floor infront ofher. Maybe the bag would provide some information about the real identity ofthe old woman who was actually not an old woman. Pulling into the side ofthe road, Andrea lifted the heavy bag onto her lap and opened it curiously. It contained only one item asmall hand axe, with arazor-sharp blade. The axe, and the inside ofthe bag, were covered with the dark red stains ofdried blood. Andrea began toscream.



12. Andrea shivered because



1)the sun was falling behind the hills.

2) it was chilly inside thecar.

3) it was snowing outside.

4) the weather was wintry.



:



13. Andrea decided togive the old woman alift because



1)she normally picked up hitchhikers.

2) she didnt think it was dangerous.

3) had never seen an old lady hitchhiking before.

4) she was alone.



:



14. The old lady seemed strange toAndrea since



1)she wore old shabby clothes.

2) her behaviour was unnatural.

3) she didnt take off her yellowhat

4) she had abig shoppingbag.



:



15. Andrea suddenly stopped her car because



1)she thought she had hit achild.

2) the car skidded as there was ice on the road.

3) she wanted tomake the passenger get out ofthecar.

4) she intended tofrighten her passenger.



:



16. Andrea opened the bag because



1)she was going tofind the address ofthe old lady.

2) she would like touse her things.

3) she intended tothrow her things away.

4) she wanted tofind out who the passengerwas.



:



17. Andrea felt terrified because the hitchhiker turned out tobe

		1) athief.
		2) asmuggler.
		3) amurderer.
		4) awoodcutter.

		:

18. According tothe story, Andreawas

		1) resourceful.
		2) suspicious.
		3) cold-hearted.
		4) persistent.

		:

   1018      1!      ,   .     1011   ,    .         .




 3.  



   . ,  , ,     ,   1924, ,      .    .       1924.




School Uniforms


Many people believe that uniforms are better than casual clothes for children at school. Uniforms remind the children that they have tofollow rules at school.

19. Casual clothes ___________ this. NOTDO



20.With all the children at school ___________ the same clothes, children from rich families dress the same way as children from poorer families.WEAR



21. Auniform also ___________ afeeling that everyone at the same school is part ofthe same community. CREATE



22. Inthe 1960s and 1970s, many schools inBritain ___________ having aschool uniform because ofthe expense for parents.STOP



23. Since then, however, anumber ofthese schools ___________ uniforms back. BRING



24. Their new uniforms are more comfortable and more fashionable than uniforms ___________ forty years ago.BE



   .  ,     ,   2529,   ,       .    .       2529.



The Longest River inthe World



25. Many encyclopedias state with _________ that the River Nile inAfrica is the longest river inthe world. CONFIDENT



26. Its length is often given as being 6,695kilometres. However, there are _________ who would question that. SCIENCE



27. Indeed, some would argue that the River Amazon inSouth America is infact longer than the Nile. At first sight it seems _________ that we dont know exactly how long the rivers are. BELIEVE



28. The situation becomes more _________, though, when we consider. UNDERSTAND



29. that there is not always _________about where ariver actually starts. AGREE




***

  ,   3036.     3036,     .     1, 2, 3 4,     .




Space Programmes


The main argument used against the space programme is that the enormous amount ofmoney it costs could be better spent on solving problems such as poverty and environmental damage here on Earth.

Initially, this view 30___________ persuasive, particularly when confronted with how huge the amounts ofmoney we are talking about actually are. Surely, the argument goes, if, instead ofsending hundreds ofbillions ofdollars up into space for apointless walk on the Moon or afew glossy colour photographs ofMars, we channelled the funds into 31___________ projects on our own planet, we could solve all the worlds problems inabout as short atime as it takes for the space shuttle tocircle the globe.

How appealing and perhaps sadly how untrue. The fallacy ofthat argument is inthe idea that all ofthe money allotted tothe space programme is wasted inspace. It isnt. None ofthe money goes into space at 32___________. It stays right here on Earth and is fed back into the economy.

Take the astronauts and tens ofthousands ofother people who are involved inwhatever way with the space programme. They spend their salaries and pay tax on them here on Earth. That tax is used bygovernments todo anumber ofimportant things: build hospitals and schools, 33___________ pensions, pay for the police service and, yes, fund the space programme. Take the cost ofall the spacecraft, the technology inside them and the research thats done tocreate that technology. All ofthat money goes tocompanies here on Earth, companies which pay tax if they 34___________ aprofit, and pay salaries totheir workers, who then pay tax tothe government, which builds hospitals,etc.

Looking at it the other way round, what would happen if all the governments inthe world which have aspace programme 35___________ their programmes down tomorrow? Would they have alot more money tospend on other things? Only for avery short time, because along with the 36___________ savings there would be enormous costs from the increased unemployment and reduction intaxes received.



30.1). sees. 2). sounds. 3). views. 4) hears

:____

31. 1). generous. 2). pleasant. 3). worthwhile. 4) optimistic

:____

32. 1). once. 2). best. 3). last. 4)all

:____

33. 1). provide. 2). donate. 3). contribute. 4) sponsor

:____

34. 1). make. 2). build. 3). construct. 4) manufacture

:____

35. 1). finished. 2). ended. 3). turned. 4) closed

:____

36. 1). urgent. 2). immediate. 3). hurried. 4)fast

:____



   1936      1!      ,   .     1929   ,    .           .



,         .




 4. 


   3738   2.           .    3738   ,       ,    2.      .        .   ,   ,   , .    37  2        .



37. You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Mike:



From: Mike@mail.uk

To: Russian_friend@oge.ru

Subject: Hobby



Ive got new hobbies recording birds songs and taking pictures ofwild life. What hobby do you have? How much time do you spend on it? What do your parents and friends think ofyour hobby?



Hooray! My elder brother promised tobe back home from college on my birthday



Write an email toMike.

Inyour message:



answer his questions;

ask 3questions about his elder brother.



Write 100140words.

Remember the rules ofemail writing.



***

      (38.1 38.2),      2   .    38  .



38.1Imagine that you are doing aproject on what people inZetland think about switching toelectric vehicles. You have found some data on the subject the results ofthe opinion polls (see the table below).



Comment on the data inthe table and give your opinion on the subject ofthe project.



The opinion poll question:

Whats your personal attitude towards electric vehicles?








Write 200250words.



Use the following plan:

make an opening statement on the subject ofthe project;

select and report 23facts;

make 12comparisons where relevant and give your comments;

outline aproblem that can arise with using electric vehicles and suggest away ofsolvingit;

conclude bygiving and explaining your opinion on the importance ofelectric cars infuture.



***

38.2Imagine that you are doing aproject onwhat teens use smartphones for inZetland. You have found some data on the subject the results f the opinion polls (see the pie chart below).



Comment on the data inthe pie chart and give your opinion on the subject ofthe project.



The opinion poll question:

Why are you using your smartphone?








Write 200250words.



Use the following plan:

make an opening statement on the subject ofthe project;

select and report 23facts;

make 12comparisons where relevant and give your comments;

outline aproblem that one can face using smartphones and suggest away ofsolvingit;

conclude bygiving and explaining your opinion on the importance ofsmartphones inour life.



,         .




Test 11.  





Task1


Imagine that you are preparing aproject with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want toread this text toyour friend. You have 1.5minutes toread the text silently, then be ready toread it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5minutes toreadit.



Ecotourism is arecent development inthe tourist industry. It was created inits current form inthe 1980s but became first well known when the United Nations declared the year 2002tobe the International Year ofEcotourism. Ecotourism is an environmentally responsible travel tonatural areas inorder toenjoy and appreciate nature that promote conservation. These areas have alow visitor impact and provide active socio-economic involvement oflocal peoples. Many ecotours employ native guides who can help visitors appreciate the natural and cultural significance oftheir experience. Ecotourism can also provide an economic development for local communities and can increase the level ofeducation among travelers, making them more enthusiastic agents ofconservation.




Task2

Study the advertisement







You are considering tobuy ipad and youd like toget more information. In1.5minutes you are toask four direct questions tofind out the following:



1)the amount ofinternal memory

2) if they provide afree delivery service

3) if they have special offers

4) advantages ofthe device



You have 20seconds toask each question.




Task3


Typescript for Task3



Interviewer: Hello everybody! ItsTeenagers Round the World Channel. Our guest today is ateenager from Russia and we are going todiscuss higher education. Wed like toknow our guests point ofview on this issue. Please answer five questions. So, lets get started.



Interviewer: How many ofyour peers want tocontinue their education after high school?

Student: _________________________



Interviewer: Why do so many people inthe modern world go touniversity?

Student: _________________________



Interviewer: What advantagesdoes higher education provide?

Student: _________________________



Interviewer: Are you planning togo touniversity?Why?

Student: _________________________



Interviewer: What are the disadvantages ofhigher education?

Student: _________________________



Interviewer: Thank you very much for your interview.



You are going togive an interview. You have toanswer five questions.

Give full answers tothe questions (23sentences).

Remember that you have 40seconds toanswer each question.




Task4


Imagine that you and your friend are doing aproject Pastime Activities. You have found some photos toillustrate it but for technical reasons you cannot send them now. Leave avoice message toyour friend explaining your choice ofthe photos and sharing some ideas about the project.



 explain the choice ofthe illustrations for the project bybriefly describing them and noting the differences;

 mention the advantages (12) ofthe two types ofpastime activities;

 mention the disadvantages (12) ofthe two types ofpastime activities;

 express your opinion on the subject ofthe project which way ofspending pastime you prefer andwhy.








You will speak for not more than 3minutes (23sentences for every item ofthe plan, 1215sentences total). You have totalk continuously.




TEST12





 1. 


1.   6.       AF ,   17.   ,   ,   .      .    .    



1. Its good tolearn more about your future profession before getting adegree.

2. Dont show off and you wont get into trouble.

3. Unpleasant accidents with your relatives can put you off traveling abroad.

4. There are always some ways toreduce your travel cost.

5. There are many ways tokeep intouch with relatives and friends.

6. Some people dont want totravel because theyre addicted tolocal food.

7. Agap year after school can ruin your career prospects.

***



 . A B C D EF





***

2.   . ,    G    (1 True),   (2 False)   ,        ,    (3 Not stated).       .    .

.

A. Andys mother likes it when he plays on his phone.

B. Sarah supports Andys mum decision.

C. Andy doesnt have any health problems.

D. Sarah plays computer games at the weekend.

E. Sarah has daily football training.

F. Andy thought about joining afootball team last year.

G. Sarahs team does not need new players.

***

堅  .. A B C D E F G  



***

  .   39    1, 2 3,     .    .



3. As achild, Jackwas



1)very focused on his schoolwork.

2) unable toconcentrate inclass.

3) eager tolearn from his teachers.



:



4. According toJack, curiosity means studying the worldand

		1) attractive objects.
		2) unusual subjects.
		3) people themselves.

		:

5. Jack went toan underwater lab because he knew



1)he had tostudy the ocean there.

2) it was his last chance towork at thislab.

3) he had never been tothe bottom ofthe ocean before.



:



6. In31days Jack and his team were ableto



1)do several years ofscientific studies inashort time.

2) count the number ofwhite sharks.

3) save some endangered species offish.



:



7. According toJack, the most valuable underwater opportunity washis



1)engagement inanimal behaviour studies.

2) ability toshare his finding with the help oftechnology.

3) chance totest asmall underwaterlab.



:



8. InJacks opinion, the goal ofany adventure isto



1)acquire knowledge and experience.

2) test ones limits.

3) share ones knowledge with others.



:



9. Jack says, Nothing is impossible inrelationto



1)his biggest dream.

2) climate change.

3) the success offuture generations.



:



   19     1!      ,   .     12   ,    .         .




 2. 


10.     AG  18.    .      .     .



1. Capital Punishment

2. Shoplifting

3. Crime Prevention

4. Kidnapping

5. Frightening Changes

.6. Long-Term Effect

7. Virtual Crime

8. Guilty or Not Guilty?



A.The presumption ofinnocence is alegal right that the accused incriminal trials has inmany modern countries. The burden ofproof is thus on the prosecution. It has tocollect and present enough compelling evidence toconvince the jury ofthe fact that beyond areasonable doubt the accused has broken the law. Incase ofremaining doubts, the accused is tobe acquitted.

B. Sarah and Lisa always enjoyed hanging out at the mall. But one Saturday, after shopping for jeans, Sarah pulled anew shirt out ofher bag. Lisa didnt remember seeing her buy it. Ididnt, Sarah told her. Ilifted it. Lisa was upset and puzzled. Stealing didnt seem like something Sarah would do. Sometimes people do not realize the consequences ofthis crime.

C. Even families living inso-called safe neighbourhoods are concerned. They may feel safe today, but there is always areminder that violence can intrude at any moment. Polly Klaas and her family no doubt felt safe inPetaluma, California. But on October 1, 1993, she was abducted from her suburban home during asleepover. If she can be abducted and murdered, so can nearly any other child.

D. The Internet is agreat place tofind information, make friends, keep intouch with others, and do business. There always are other sides as long as there is acriminal element. As our world becomes more computerized and ever more interconnected, different kinds ofcomputer crimes will continue togrow. These include break-ins ofcomputers toget trade secrets or illegal entry for the thrill and challenge.

E. Movie violence these days is louder and bloodier than ever before. When abad guy was shot inablack-and-white Western, the most we saw was apuff ofsmoke and afew drops offake blood. Now the sights, sounds, and special effects often jar us more than the real thing. Slow motion and pyrotechnics conspire tomake movies and TV shows more gruesome than ever.

F. University ofIllinois psychologist Leonard Eron studied children at age eight and then again at eighteen. He found that television habits established at the age ofeight influenced aggressive behaviour through childhood and adolescent years. The more violent were the programs preferred byboys inthe third grade, the more aggressive was their behaviour, both at that time and ten years later.

G. Inthe debate about execution and human dignity, supporters and opponents ofthe death penalty have found very little common ground. Since the 18th century, those who wish toabolish the death penalty have stressed the significance ofrequiring governments torecognize the importance ofeach individual. However, supporters ofthis penal practice see nothing wrong with governments deliberately killing terrible people who commit terrible crimes.

***

  .. A B C D E FG




***

11.     AF  ,   17.    17.  ,    , .




Reality Television


Reality television is agenre oftelevision programming which, it is claimed, presents unscripted dramatic or humorous situations and features ordinary people rather than professional actors. It could be described ___ (A). Although the genre has existed insome form or another since the early years oftelevision, ___(B).



Reality television covers awide range oftelevision programming formats, from game or quiz shows tosurveillance-focused productions such as Big Brother. Critics say that the term reality television is somewhat ofamisnomer ___ (C). The participants ofthese shows are often put inexotic locations or abnormal situations and are sometimes coached toact incertain ways byoff-screen handlers, whereas the events on screen are manipulated through editing and other post-production techniques.



Part ofreality televisions appeal is ___ (D). Reality television also has the potential toturn its participants into national celebrities, mainly intalent and performance programmes such as Pop Idol, ___(E).



Some commentators have said that the name reality television is an inaccurate description for several styles ofprogramme included inthe genre. Incompetition-based programmes such as Big Brother and The Real World, producers design the format ofthe show and control the day-to-day activities and the environment, ___ (F). Producers specifically select the participants, and use carefully designed scenarios, challenges, events, and settings toencourage particular behaviours and conflicts



1.the current explosion ofpopularity dates from around2000

2. though frequently Big Brother participants also reach some degree ofcelebrity

3. that is rather popular with teenagers

4. because such shows frequently portray amodified and highly influenced form ofreality

5. as aform ofartificial documentary

6. creating acompletely fabricated world inwhich the competition playsout

7. due toits ability toplace ordinary people inextraordinary situations

***



 . A B C D EF




***

    1218.        1, 2, 3 4,     .




Harrys World


Its best tobe here early, especially on Saturdays. The rising pitch ofthe kettle is whistle joined with the faint hiss from the little blue camping stove. Twenty years old, that stove, found the receipt inadrawer just the other day abargain at four pounds fifty but it always pays tohang onto the receipts. Its Saturday today. Byeight-thirty the staff have all arrived, Icant hear them directly, but the soft, distant voices ofthe lifts rising and falling give them away.

Ofcourse, there is routine that measures time doesnt it? Even the period before Christmas and during the sales that follow, routine is still there, although the time stretches and contracts as the public ebb and flow through the building like an unpredictable tide routine will still be there, disguised, beneath the surface, an undertow. As the management ritually pull out their hair, thicken their arteries, bark at their coworkers and re-prioritise their priorities behind it all routine will be waiting. Everyone here is aslave toit.. even if they move on, get married, die.. there will always be others tomaster, toenslave. Itoo am aslave toroutine.. but Idont mind.

Ilook at the long white envelope with my name printed neatly inthe centre, its edges slightly curled as though tofend off the surrounding army ofclutter on the desk. An intruder. Aforeign object.

Igo down the stairs and open the main doors. Cant keep the public waiting. Today is much like any other day. Inamongst the structure ofroutine women drift like ghosts amid the lingerie, touching here, feeling there while husbands linger on the periphery oftheir erratic orbits, faces masked with bored indifference; inthe homeware section, tweed-skirted ladies lift the lids on teapots; sniff, like careful poodles at bowls ofPot Porri, turn everything upside down tocheck the price and replace it quickly at the approach ofan eager assistant. The sun streams through the plate glass windows ingreat broad beams, igniting every chrome fitting, while tired and wayward children are narrowly missed bymy trolleys wheels.

At 11oclock Igo tothe meeting with Mr. Radcliffe, the manager. He is afat man, and the smallest motion on his part induces him tobreak into asweat. He sits across the desk from me with the air ofaman who has never dared tolook aday inthe eye. He speaks quickly and alittle pompously, his eyes drifting toward the clock on the wall more often than my face. He says his words carefully, as though trying topull each one down with the gravity ofhis tone. He endeavours togrant some words such as free time, benefit package, pension fund, hobbies and exemplary service an even greater weight ofimportance, but succeeds only insweating some more as he glances tothe clock.

Inthe staff canteen at lunchtime Isee Mr. Radcliffe again as he orders amain course and two sweets, but this is not an unusual occurrence as far as Iam aware. Idont often come here, preferring toeat inmy room upstairs, there Ican read uninterrupted. But today Ichoose the canteen, although even here Iam isolated toan island table set for six thats fine. Iam not so naive tobe unaware that Ihave acertain reputation here akind ofgruff aloofness. Idont actually believe this is part ofmy nature.. or at least it never used tobe. Ilike tobe my own man, thats all. Ive little time for idle gossip. Years ago, when the new, young starters would arrive inJune or July, Iwas more sociable. They would plague me for tips on the horses, or pop up tomy office for askive or acup oftea. But it all got alittle out ofhand. Ino longer had any peace. So Ibecame alittle testy with them, and my annoyance soon became more organised. Ibecame unpredictable and aggressive, this became abit ofagame, then ahabit, and inthe end.. finally..me.

Its dusk now and the store is quiet again. The kettle rocks gently on the metal frame ofthe stove. Iglance around my room; the rows ofbooks and piles ofmagazines, the ancient portable television, the radio. Ihave very few real possessions. What, really, does one man need? Ive brought the things little bylittle from the flat. Now Ithink Ihave all that is required. Isuppose, on occasion, they have suspected Istay here through the night, but that doesnt bother me. It was arelief tolet the flat go completely, Inever felt at home there.

Ihave taken the retirement letter from its envelope and dropped it onto the worn lino. Now it lies there like abroken kite. Iwill sit here; wait until the mice come out from their hidden places tonibble at its corners and eat its words.



12. The narrators stove



1)was bought inthe second-hand shop.

2) was bought twelve yearsago.

3) was rather expensive.

4) cost less than its usual price.



:



13. According tothe narrator,



1)the working hours ofthe store are always the same.

2) there are things that people do regularly.

3) there is always asale inthe shop before Christmas.

4) he hates the routine.



:



14. While shopping



1)husbands show real interest inwhat their wives are buying.

2) ladies examine carefully all the goods.

3) children are easy tocontrol because they are tired.

4) shop assistants dont want tohelp customers.

		:

15. Mr Radcliffe

		1) is atall slimman.
		2) always wears asweater.
		3) wants toshow his importance.
		4) speaks quietly.

		:

16. The narrator usually

		1) chooses the staff canteen tohave lunch.
		2) has lunch with the management.
		3) doesnt have lunch atall.
		4) prefers toread during his lunchtime.

:



17. The narrator has areputationof



1)an unfriendly person not wishing totalk topeople.

2) afriendly and sociable person.

3) aperson who enjoys gossiping.

4) aperson who tests people.



:



18. The narrator lives inhis office because



1)it is very comfortable.

2) he doesnt bother togo home.

3) he doesnt like his flat.

4) he has very few real possessions.



:



   1018      1!      ,   .     1011   ,    .         .




 3.  



   . ,  , ,     ,   1924, ,      .    .       1924.




Telling Stories


19.Books tell stories, films tell stories and we tell one another stories. Telling stories ___________ important since people first sat around acamp fire.BE



20. Back then, hundreds ofthousands ofyears ago, people ___________ stories about things they had done earlier that day while hunting.TELL



21. Ahunter could make ___________ sound very brave inhis own story.HE



22. They also made up mythical stories, ___________ the world around them and where they came from. EXPLAIN



23. Many of___________ stories became part oftheir culture because they were told many times.THAT



24. Long before writing ___________, people learnt stories from their parents and passed them on totheir own children. APPEAR.



   .  ,     ,   2529,   ,       .    .       2529.




Marlon Brando


25. Marlon Brando was perhaps the greatest film actor ofhis generation. He was born in1924and people soon realised that he was ___________. TALENT



26. However, he never did very well at school and he never seemed tobe interested in___________. EDUCATE



.27. When he finally left school, he travelled toNew York, where he became a___________ at drama school. STUDY



28. There, he heard about the ideas ofthe Russian Konstantin Stanislavski, who had developed away tobring acting closer to___________.REAL



29. Brando used Stanislavskis ideas inhis acting and during the 1940s he appeared in___________ plays on Broadway.VARY




***

  ,   3036.     3036,     .     1, 2, 3 4,     .




ALongWay


Come on. Ill help you. The voice came from the left and Jenny turned her head inthat direction.

She was blind, and had been from birth, but even without the sense ofsight, she could tell that the voice belonged toamiddle-aged man. He touched her on the arm and she pulled back. The guide dog byher side lookedup.

Please, she said, struggling tokeep her anger 30___________ control. Thats very kind ofyou, but Idont need any help.

Oh, the man said, and Jenny could imagine the look ofconfusion on his face. Im sorry, he said finally, and crossed the road. People just didnt seem torealise that there was ahuge difference between offering help and trying totake control ofsomebody elses life. Sometimes she 31___________ peoples attempts tohelp funny, but not today. Today it was important to32___________ the impression that she was independent, because today was the first day inher newjob.

She waited until the signal from her dog told her that it was safe and she 33___________ off across the road. When they reached the other side, she paused for asecond to34___________ herself ofthe way and then continued. After afew days inthe job, her dog would have learnt the way, but for now Jenny had to35___________ the distance tothe right building. She counted her steps and listened. Toanyone who could see, it would have seemed like aquiet street, but Jenny concentrated on the small sounds: her footsteps, acar going past, the bell on abicycle. They helped her judge when she was coming close tothe corner ofthe street, where she knew number 116stood. They got there and she stopped. She patted her dog on the head. Well, boy, this is it, she said. She knew there would be many challenges ahead. There always were.

But at least she had overcome the first one: 36___________ tothe building. She stepped inside.



30.1). in. 2). on. 3). behind. 4) under

:____

31. 1). took. 2). found. 3). kept. 4) caught

:____

32. 1). give. 2). hand. 3). throw. 4)send

:____

33. 1). made. 2). came. 3). put. 4)set

:____

34. 1). remember. 2). recall. 3). remind. 4) recollect

:____

35. 1). locate. 2). estimate. 3). discover. 4) reveal

:____

36. 1). being. 2). getting. 3). making. 4) bringing

:____



   1936      1!      ,   .     1929   ,    .           .



,         .




 4. 


   3738   2.           .    3738   ,       ,    2.      .        .   ,   ,   , .    37  2        .



37. You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Joan:



From: Joan@mail.uk

To: Russian_friend@oge.ru

Subject: Summer weather



When Iforget totake an umbrella insummer, it always rains. Whats the weather like insummer where you live? What do you usually do when it rains? How do you protect yourself from bad weather?



Ibought new shoes two days ago, but now Ithink Ishould take them back tothe store



Write an email toJoan.

Inyour message:



answer his questions;

ask 3questions about her new shoes.



Write 100140words.

Remember the rules ofemail writing. Music Genre. Popularity



***

      (38.1 38.2),      2   .    38  .



38.1Imagine that you are doing aproject on what music genres are popular among teens inZetland. You have found some data on the subject the results ofthe opinion polls (see the table below).



Comment on the data inthe table and give your personal opinion on the subject ofthe project.



The opinion poll question:

What music genre do you prefer?








Write 200250words.



Use the following plan:

make an opening statement on the subject ofthe project;

select and report 23facts;

make 12comparisons where relevant and give your comments;

outline aproblem that can arise with music genres and suggest away ofsolvingit;

conclude bygiving and explaining your opinion on the importance ofgenres inmusic.



***

38.2Imagine that you are doing aproject onwhy teenagers inZetland started buying more books. You have found some data on the subject the results f the opinion polls (see the pie chart below).



Comment on the data inthe diagram and give your opinion on the subject ofthe project.



The opinion poll question:

Why did you start buying more books?








Write 200250words.



Use the following plan:

make an opening statement on the subject ofthe project;

select and report 23facts;

make 12comparisons where relevant and give your comments;

outline aproblem that one can face selling books and suggest away ofsolvingit;

conclude bygiving and explaining your opinion on the importance ofgrowth ofbook sales.



,         .




Test 12.  





Task1


Imagine that you are preparing aproject with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want toread this text toyour friend. You have 1.5minutes toread the text silently, then be ready toread it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5minutes toreadit.



Thirty years ago, there were some 2million king penguins on Frances remote island ofIle aux Cochons. It is located inthe Indian Ocean, between Africa and Antarctica. But satellite pictures show that the population has almost entirely disappeared. Arecent study published inthe journal Antarctic Science estimates that only 200,000ofthe penguins are left. The reason for the decline is unknown. Scientists say disease could be afactor. Another reason could be overcrowding. King penguins relocate when they can no longer compete for food. But an even more alarming trend may be playing apart: climate change. Penguins like tohunt and fish inicy waters. But as air temperatures get warmer, so do the oceans. The penguins have toswim farther away from the island toreach cold water.




Task2

Study the advertisement







You are considering visiting the Cesky Krumlov city and youd like toget more information. In1.5minutes you are toask four direct questions tofind out the following:



1)the most popular sights ofthecity

2) price for the family ofthree

3) recommendations

4) services that they provide during thetrip



You have 20seconds toask each question.




Task3


Typescript for Task3



Interviewer: Hello everybody! ItsTeenagers Round the World Channel. Our guest today is ateenager from Russia and we are going todiscuss summer holidays. Wed like toknow our guests point ofview on this issue. Please answer five questions. So, lets get started.



Interviewer: What part ofRussia do you live in? Whats the weather like insummer there?

Student: _________________________



Interviewer: What else would you like our listeners toknow about your region?

Student: _________________________



Interviewer: What can you tell us about your family?

Student: _________________________



Interviewer: How did you use tospend your summer holidays when you were seven?

Student: _________________________



Interviewer: How would you like tospend your summer holidays in10years?

Student: _________________________



Interviewer: Thank you very much for your interview.

.



You are going togive an interview. You have toanswer five questions.

Give full answers tothe questions (23sentences).

Remember that you have 40seconds toanswer each question.




Task4


Imagine that you and your friend are doing aproject Ways offishing. You have found some photos toillustrate it but for technical reasons you cannot send them now. Leave avoice message toyour friend explaining your choice ofthe photos and sharing some ideas about the project.



 explain the choice ofthe illustrations for the project bybriefly describing them and noting the differences;

 mention the advantages (12) ofthe two types offishing;

 mention the disadvantages (12) ofthe two types offishing;

 express your opinion on the subject ofthe project which way offishing youd prefer andwhy.








You will speak for not more than 3minutes (23sentences for every item ofthe plan, 1215sentences total). You have totalk continuously.




TEST13





 1. 


1.   6.       AF ,   17.   ,   ,   .      .    .    



1. There are house chores that keep youfit.

2. Make your house chores enjoyable!

3. Sharing responsibilities is the bestway.

4. Why spoil childhood with house chores?

5. No decorations is better than hard work.

6. Have your child do house chores gladly!

7. Technology is the answer tohouse chores.

***



 . A B C D EF





***

2.   . ,    G    (1 True),   (2 False)   ,        ,    (3 Not stated).       .    .



A. The tourist has never been toRussia.

B. The tourist wants tosee both Moscow and Saint Petersburg.

C. The tourist loves evening excursions.

D. The manager thinks Saint Basils Cathedral isnt worth seeing.

E. The tourist will have some time for shopping inMoscow.

F. The tourist hopes tovisit ashow inthe State Kremlin Palace.

G. The tourist wants tobuy atour straight away.

***

堅  .. A B C D E F G  



***

  .   39    1, 2 3,     .    .



3. What does the presenter say about Jane Bliss?



1)She is inthe movie industry.

2) She is not particularly rich.

3) She worked for the United Nations.



:



4. During her first visit toCambodia Jane realizedshe



1)knew little about the life ofpeople there.

2) was risking her life all the time.

3) couldnt walk on her own anywhere.



:



5. What does Jane say about people inCambodia?



1)They have arich culture and history.

2) Their life is very hard.

3) They are not very hospitable.



:



6. Why did Jane choose the United Nations towork with?



1)It was the only one working inCambodia.

2) She trusted this organization very much.

3) They offered her aposition.



:



7. What is Janes main purpose inher work inCambodia?



1)Tomake people aware ofhow dangerous the situationis.

2) Toattract money and investors tothe area for helping the refugees.

3) Tomake Cambodian people free and lessshy.



:



8. Which ofthe following is NOT true about life inCambodianow?



1)There are no roads.

2) People earn very little.

3) Charities play important role there.



:



9. What does Jane say about her life inCambodia?



1)It was difficult tofind abathroom.

2) She found alot oflandmines.

3) It was hard tobe under permanent stress.



:



   19     1!      ,   .     12   ,    .         .




 2. 


10.     AG  18.    .      .     .



1. Recognize Your Limitations

2. Take aRest

3. Clear Out Distractions

4. Have Help Handy

5. Plan YourWork

6. Stay Calm Under Pressure

7. Work With Interest

8. Stay Focused



A.The overriding idea is togo for simplicity. Aquiet basement, alibrary table or the ground next toabig tree outside allow you tofocus on what youre doing. Examples ofpoor locations would include the kitchen table, common areas where youre likely toencounter friends, or even your own room, as its usually stocked with acomputer, television, and video games that seem alot more appealing than what youre doing. You have toremove yourself far enough from any potential disturbance. This is the key toany successful session ofwork.

B. Making your work relate toyour leisure activities or hobbies eliminates much ofthe tedium associated with it. Whenever possible, make your schoolwork centre around something you love, and run with it. Essay assignment? Write about your favourite hobby. History report? Write about your favourite historical battle. Just pick anything tomake your reports and assignments less mundane. As long as you meet all the requirements ofthe assignment, the rest is yours tochoose.

C. Its okay toreward along session ofhard work with aquick break here or there. Eat something, watch aTV show, play abit ofyour favourite video game, pick up amusical instrument and practise alittle bit. Trying towork too long at too hard apace without abreak is only going tospoil your work inthe end, as youll start totire, grow apathetic, and make mistakes. Taking semi-frequent breaks proportional tothe amount oftime you spent working keeps your mind fresh and your spiritsup.

D. Ultimately, you are going tohave tomake executive decisions about the importance ofvarious assignments relative tohow much time and effort youre expending on them. Dont get bogged down worrying about finishing asmall assignment that is worth anegligible fraction ofyour grade if it means that finishing it will cost you important points on afar more important project or paper for another class. Always rank assignments based on their due date and importance. Inthe grand scheme ofthings, its always best todo what will get you the best overall average ofgrade points.

E. If you have multiple assignments todo, dont try and work on more than one at atime. Pick the most immediately due assignment and stick with it like glue until its done. Then move on tothe next most pressing assignment. This way, you resist the temptation tobypass hard, looming assignments tojump toeasier but less pressing assignments for your sense ofaccomplishment. Concentrating your efforts on one task is the key toany successful session ofwork.

F. Often, youll be tempted topull all-nighters simply toget things done and out ofyour head. This is extremely counterproductive. If you feel very tired, you can just drop off at any moment. If you sense youre giving less and less effort toyour work, then stop. Its always better topick it up the next day when youre focused than torun amarathon all night and wind up with substandard work that you arent proudof.

G. Its not always easy tostay on the ball incollege, but if you know how tostay calm, and make your assignments work for you, you can simplify things tremendously. If you have no idea how toeven start an assignment, always feel free tocontact your professor, campus tutoring office, or even your parents for advice. Dont let your fears get inthe way ofyour doing well. If asking aprofessor for assistance is the difference between aC and an Aon an assignment, you should not care about your pride, you should care about your college marks.

***

  .. A B C D E FG




***

11.     AF  ,   17.    17.  ,    , .




Cooling Buildings


Solar panels on the roof arent just providing clean power; they are cooling the house. Using thermal imaging, researchers determined that during the day, abuildings ceiling was 5degrees Fahrenheit cooler under solar panels than under an exposed roof. At night, the panels help hold heat in, ___(A).



As solar panels sprout on an increasing number ofresidential and commercial roofs, it becomes more important toconsider their impact on buildings total energy costs. Data for the study was gathered over three days on the roof ofthe San Diego School ofEngineering with athermal infrared camera. The building is equipped with tilted solar panels and solar panels ___ (B). Some portions ofthe roof are not covered bypanels.



The panels essentially act as roof shades. Rather than the sun beating down onto the roof, ___ (C), photovoltaic panels take the solar beating. Then much ofthe heat is removed bywind blowing between the panels and the roof. The benefits are greater if there is an open gap ___ (D), so tilted panels provide more cooling. Also, the more efficient the solar panels, the bigger the cooling effect. For the building researchers analyzed, the panels reduced the amount ofheat reaching the roof byabout 38percent.



Although the measurements took place over alimited period oftime, the team developed amodel that allows them toextrapolate their findings topredict cooling effects throughout the year.



For example, inwinter, the panels would keep the sun from heating up the building. But at night, they would also keep in___(E).



There are more efficient ways topassively cool buildings ___ (F). But, if you are considering installing solar photovoltaic, depending on your roof thermal properties, you can expect alarge reduction inthe amount ofenergy you use tocool your residence or business.



1. which causes heat tobe pushed through theroof

2. where air can circulate between the building and the solar panel

3. that are flush with theroof

4. such as reflective roof membranes

5. reducing heating costs inthe winter

6. that was not covered with panels

7. whatever heat accumulated inside

***



 . A B C D EF



***

    1218.        1, 2, 3 4,     .



Missing



Since he was aboy, Sean Ireton has been an ardent hiker, climbing mountain trails all over the world. Even on family trips, it was typical for him totake aday byhimself toknock off atempting peak. InJanuary 2009, he and his wife, Megan, planned atwo-week backpacking adventure inSpain with their son, Aidan. They took off inDecember and spent their days touring and hiking inthe southern mountains, making time tosample the regional cuisine and enjoy the countrys robust red wines along the way. Sean was looking forward especially toasolo hike on El Mulhacen, arocky knob inSpains Sierra Nevada and, at 3478m, the highest peak on the Spanish mainland. From Mulhacen on aclear day you could see all the way across the Mediterranean toMorocco.

When they got near Pradollano, aski village near Mulhacen, the family pitched their tent inthe woods. At this time ofyear, the mountains snowy trails were well packed and straightforward, requiring ahiker totravel at only amoderate clip toreach Mulhacens broad summit inabout four hours. Early the next morning, Sean put on several layers ofwarm clothes and set out under apurple and golden sunrise.

Now it was dark, and Seans wife and son lay intheir tent and worried. When is Dad coming back? Aidan asked Megan over and over. Why isnt he back yet?

Hell be back soon, sweetie, his mother reassured him. Inthe past her husband had returned late from excursions. But this was pushing it, so sometime after midnight, Megan got up and took Aidan into town tolook for help. The ordinarily lively village was deserted, the motionless chairlifts hanging eerily inthe dark. Megan didnt speak Spanish, and ahotel clerks directions just sent them incircles. They had towait till morning. Aidan was so upset, Megan recalls. He sensed something was wrong. He had that childs intuition.

Sean had neared Mulhacens summit bymid-afternoon but turned around afew hundred metres from the top when the trail became dangerously steep and icy. Clouds blew inas he descended, and he veered off track. Bythe time he realised his mistake, daylight was fading, and it had begun todrizzle. Iwas getting wet, and it was growing dark fast, he recalls. Luckily, he spied acrude stone shelter nearby. Ididnt want toget lost and end up on the other side ofthe mountain, so Idecided tospend the night inthe hut.

Inside, it was dark and clammy, but there was atable, wooden bunks, and even some foam padding for abed. Sean ate achocolate bar from his backpack, and settled in. It would be an easy hike back tocamp inthe morning, and he imagined his familys relief when he returned unharmed.

Sean was on foot again by6a.m., tracking his way across abroad bowl and up asteep, snowy slope. On the other side ofthe ridge there was the ski area, and from there he could practically jog down the slopes. He made good progress until astorm suddenly swept over the ridge and nearly blew him off his feet. Inminutes, he was caught inawhite-out. If Ican just make the ridge, Im home free, Sean thought, as he powered forward, bending against the gale.

But the ridge never appeared, and Sean knew it was crazy tostay on the exposed slope. Hed have tofind an alternative route. He had no idea where he was but thought he could make out atrail still farther below.

Sean studied the snow infront ofhim. It looked hard and slick. He regretted that he hadnt brought his crampons sharp spikes that attach tohiking boots or an ice axe, which would have helped ensure safe passage. All he had was apair oftrekking poles. He reached out afoot totest the frozen surface and gradually brought his weight down. For amoment, he balanced but then his feet shot out from under him, and he began tumbling down the steep slope. He accelerated as he fell, rolling wildly over rocks and snow. When he came torest, far below from where he had stood, he was inaseated position as if hed just plopped down tohave asnack. It would have been comical if he hadnt been so stunned.

He sat for awhile and gathered his wits. He was wearing only aski hat but his head seemed OK. Then Sean looked down at his legs. The long underwear covering his left leg was shredded, and bright red blood soaked the abraded flesh around his kneecap.

He gingerly inspected the wound. With effort, he got back on his feet, but his injured leg buckled beneath him, and he fell face-first into the snow. He felt ahot surge ofalarm. He was kilometres away from help, and certainly no one would come through this area for days, maybe weeks. He sat inthe snow, on the verge ofdespair.



12. The main aim ofSeans visit toSpainwas



1)toclimb the highest peak on the Spanish mainland.

2) touring and walking.

3) totry the regional cuisine.

4) toenjoy the countrys robust red wines.



:



13. At that time ofyear, the mountains snowy trails were

		1)icy.
		2) slippery.
		3) difficult.
		4) uncomplicated.

		:

14. Megan and Aidan had towait till morning because



1)Megan didnt speak Spanish.

2) the chairlifts didnt work at night.

3) they couldnt find any help.

4) ahotel clerks directions were wrong.

		:

15. Sean



1)reached Mulhacens summit bymid-afternoon.

2) lost hisway.

3) descended until dawn.

4) decided tospend the night inthe woodenhut.



:

.

16. Sean could not make the ridge because



1)it was toofar.

2) he was very tired.

3) ofablizzard.

4) ofastrong wind and poor visibility.



:



17. Sean fell down the slope because



1)astrong wind was blowing.

2) the slope was too steep.

3) he didnt have special equipment.

4) he didnt use his trekking poles.

		:

18. While falling, Sean

		1) was not injured.
		2) injured his head.
		3) shattered his kneecap.
		4) broke hisleg.

		:

   1018      1!      ,   .     1011   ,    .         .




 3.  



   . ,  , ,     ,   1924, ,      .    .       1924.




The News onTV


19.Before television, people often ___________ tothe cinema towatch the news.GO



20. Inthose days, they ___________ also listen tothe news on the radio but they werent able tosee anything.CAN



21. Ofcourse, newspapers ___________ people the news for hundreds ofyears.GIVE



22. Even today, however, adaily newspaper gives ___________ readers yesterdays news and the only pictures are photographs.IT



23. The introduction oftelevision ___________ the daily news, with moving pictures, into peoples homes for the first time. BRING



24. Inthe beginning, people ___________ the news on TV whenever they wanted it, because it was only broadcast at certain times ofthe day. NOTGET



   .  ,     ,   2529,   ,       .    .       2529.




Mary Celeste


25. What happened tothe ship the Mary Celeste is amystery that remains unsolved tothis day. Built in1861, the ship was ___________ called the Amazon ORIGIN



26. But its name was changed tothe Mary Celeste in1869. The Mary Celeste left New York for Italy on 7th November 1872with acrew ofseven professional ___________ and the captains wife and daughter.SAIL



27. On 4th December, another ship, the Dei Gratia, spotted the Mary Celeste drifting inthesea. Tothe crews ______________, they discovered that everyone on ASTONISH



28. the Mary Celeste had ___________ disappeared. COMPLETE



29._ There was plenty offood and water on board and the ship was in_________ condition. EXCELLENCE



There were no signs ofastruggle or fight.




***

  ,   3036.     3036,     .     1, 2, 3 4,     .




The Old Friend


Dear Claire,



It was wonderful toreceive your e-mail yesterday. Icant believe its over six years since we were last intouch. How time flies! It was great tohear all your news, and thank you so much for attaching those photos ofyou and the family. You havent aged abit, and look as beautiful as ever! Im still living inthe same flat inRome, but it looks very different towhen you were here last. Ive totally redecorated and knocked the wall through from the kitchen tothe living room tomake alarge living 30___________. Its alot more comfortable for me because and this is my other big news Inow work from home as afull-time writer! You remember that novel Ialways said Iwas writing? Well, Ifinished it, sent it off toapublisher and it was accepted for publication. This was about three years ago. The book 31___________ out inhardback first and got some fairly good reviews inthe Sunday newspapers inthe UK, and last year they produced apaperback 32___________! Can you believe it? Im not rich yet byany means, but Iam earning enough from royalties tohave been able to33___________ my job. Im now hard at work on my second novel lets just hope it doesnt take as long towrite as the first one! Actually, its 34___________ well and Ihope tohave finished it within the next six months orso.

Ill be coming over tothe UK the first week ofnext month. Id love tomeet up! Let me know when youre free and well arrange it. Ican either come over toyour 35___________ and meet the family, or maybe just you and Ican go out todinner somewhere and 36___________ up on old times. Whatever you prefer. Ill be staying at ahotel inLondon and will only have acouple ofmeetings while Im there, so Ishould be free most ofthe time. Let me know, and see you soon, Ihope!



Lots oflove,

Celine

		30. 1). space. 2). opening. 3). hole. 4)gap
		:____
		31. 1). brought. 2). sent. 3). came. 4) printed
		:____
		32. 1). issue. 2). edition. 3). copy. 4) reproduction
		:____
		33. 1). depart. 2). vacate. 3). abandon. 4)quit
		:____
		34. 1). going. 2). making. 3). taking. 4) having
		:____
		35. 1). point. 2). position. 3). location. 4) place
		:____
		36. 1). carry. 2). hold. 3). catch. 4) bring
		:____

   1936      1!      ,   .     1929   ,    .           .



,         .




 4. 


   3738   2.           .    3738   ,       ,    2.      .        .   ,   ,   , .    37  2        .



37. You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Mary:



From: Mary@mail.uk

To: Russian_friend@oge.ru

Subject:Food



Inever eat breakfast, just like my mother. Do you have any special eating habits and what are they? What do you usually have for lunch at school? Can you give me the recipe ofthe dish you often cook yourself?



Last Saturday, our family went tothezoo



Write an email toMary.

Inyour message:



answer his questions;

ask 3questions about thezoo.



Write 100140words.

Remember the rules ofemail writing.



***

      (38.1 38.2),      2   .    38  .



38.1Imagine that you are doing aproject on why people inZetland prefer living inthe countryside. You have found some data on the subject the results ofthe opinion polls (see the table below).



Comment on the data inthe table and give your opinion on the subject ofthe project.



The opinion poll question:

Why do you prefer living inthe countryside?








Write 200250words.



Use the following plan:

make an opening statement on the subject ofthe project;

select and report 23facts;

make 12comparisons where relevant and give your comments;

outline aproblem that can arise with living inthe countryside and suggest away ofsolvingit;

conclude bygiving and explaining your opinion on the advantages ofliving inthe countryside.



***

38.2Imagine that you are doing aproject on on why public transport is popular with people inZetland. You have found some data on the subject the results f the opinion polls (see the pie chart below).



Comment on the data inthe pie chart and give your opinion on the subject ofthe project.



The opinion poll question:

Why public transport is better than the other means?








Write 200250words.



Use the following plan:

make an opening statement on the subject ofthe project;

select and report 23facts;

make 12comparisons where relevant and give your comments;

outline aproblem that one can face travelling bypublic transport and suggest away ofsolvingit;

conclude bygiving and explaining your opinion on the importance ofpublic transport.



,         .




Test 13.  





Task1


Imagine that you are preparing aproject with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want toread this text toyour friend. You have 1.5minutes toread the text silently, then be ready toread it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5minutes toreadit.



Monarch butterfly populations inCalifornia reached ahistoric low in2018, according toanew count. It estimates that the number ofmonarchs dropped 86% from 2017. Experts say monarchs are indanger ofextinction inthe next several decades if nothing is done tosave the species.

Each year, environmental groups count monarch butterflies inCalifornia. They do so at 97sites across the state. Last year, they counted fewer than 30,000butterflies. 2018was atough year tobe amonarch butterfly inthe West. Weather conditions may be one reason for the drop innumbers. But other factors could also be at play. These include habitat loss and pesticides. Climate change could also be making an impact. What people can and should be working on is addressing and reversing widespread habitat oss and pesticide use throughout the monarchs range.




Task2

Study the advertisement







You are considering visiting London transport museum and youd like toget more information. In1.5minutes you are toask four direct questions tofind out the following:



1)location ofthe museum

2) discounts for children

3) working hours

4) the most popular exhibit inthe museum



You have 20seconds toask each question.




Task3



You are going togive an interview. You have toanswer five questions.

Give full answers tothe questions (23sentences).

Remember that you have 40seconds toanswer each question.




Typescript for Task3


Interviewer: Hello everybody! ItsTeenagers Round the World Channel. Our guest today is ateenager from Russia and we are going todiscuss IT. Wed like toknow our guests point ofview on this issue. Please answer five questions. So, lets get started.



Interviewer: How has technology affected education inrecent years?

Student: _________________________



Interviewer: Do you think online classes will replace in-person ones?

Student: _________________________



Interviewer: Should schools put more emphasis on teaching childrenIT?

Student: _________________________



Interviewer: What person would you consider the best inthe field ofIT?

Student: _________________________



Interviewer: Do you have any friends who plan towork inIT?

Student: _________________________



Interviewer: Thank you very much for your interview.




Task4


Imagine that you and your friend are doing aproject Travelling on two wheels.

You have found some photos toillustrate it but for technical reasons you cannot send them now. Leave avoice message toyour friend explaining your choice ofthe photos and sharing some ideas about the project.

In2.5minutes be readyto:



 explain the choice ofthe illustrations for the project bybriefly describing them and noting the differences;

 mention the advantages (12) ofthe two types oftravelling;

 mention the disadvantages (12) ofthe two types oftravelling;

 express your opinion on the subject ofthe project which way oftravelling youd prefer andwhy.








You will speak for not more than 3minutes (23sentences for every item ofthe plan, 1215sentences total). You have totalk continuously.




TEST14





 1. 


1.   6.       AF ,   17.   ,   ,   .      .    .    



1. Save your children from this nightmare!

2. Playing amusical instrument is educational.

3. Listening toclassical music is healthy.

4. Classical music is similar toliterature.

5. Its just too much effort for the parent!

6. Classical music is an excellent background.

7. Watching musicians is like watching sport.

***

 . A B C D EF





***

2.   . ,    G    (1 True),   (2 False)   ,        ,    (3 Not stated).       .    .



A. Ellen went camping with her family.

B. Ellen spent two weeks at acamp site inKarelia.

C. Ellens family has athree-person tent.

D. Nick is afraid ofrafting.

E. Nick has spent last two weeks getting ready for school.

F. Nick and Ellen like their last year History teacher.

G. Ellen doesnt have good marks inhistory.

***

堅  .. A B C D E F G  



***

  .   39    1, 2 3,     .    .



3. Which ofthe following is TRUE about the beginning ofSandras career?



1)She started with several sitcoms.

2) She thinks her roles were very good.

3) Her first film was amajor success.



:



4. What does Sandra say about her role inthe film Winter?



1)She had toplay acomplicated personage.

2) She was nominated for Oscar forit.

3) She had toaccept alot ofcriticism forit.



:



5. What does Sandra do when she wants apart inacertain film?



1)She writes letters tothe film director.

2) She tries tomake the director aware ofher desire.

3) She simply waits for the invitation.



:



6. According toSandra, afilm director should not refuse awilling actor because this personmay



1)be highly motivated.

2) suit the part perfectly.

3) feel offended.



:



7. What does Sandra say about going from movie tomovie?



1)She chooses tostick toher plan.

2) She always considers the next film budget.

3) She goes from what is available.



:



8. Which ofthe following is NOT acharacteristic ofSandras roles?



1)They are equally important toher.

2) They are somehow gloomy.

3) They are ofsome artistic quality.



:



9. What does Sandra enjoy most about the film Winter?



1)It has anarrative plot.

2) The camerawork.

3) The way she reveals her character.



:



   19     1!      ,   .     12   ,    .         .




 2. 


10.     AG  18.    .      .     .



1. Health Problem

2. Significant Difference

3. Fashions inFood

4. New Weapon

5. The Price ofSuccess

6. Holiday Regulations

7. Strong Competitor

8. Psychological Barrier



A.Nowadays, potatoes are the in thing so far as health is concerned. Inthe 60s and 70s we were told toavoid them at all costs for fear ofgetting fat, but now they have been reinvented bythe dieticians as asource offibre and vitamins. Sensible people, like you and me, have always eaten them because they taste so good.

B. Organizing aholiday isnt the easiest task inthe world; there are so many things tothink about. Lets keep it simple byassuming that theres no overseas travel toarrange. That doesnt mean that you can also forget about injections and other health precautions entirely. What about sun blocker? What about regular medication prescribed byyour doctor? My point, quite frankly, is that planning aholiday can be areal pain although awell-planned holiday can more than reward the pains you go tobefore you setout.

C. Symantec, McAfee and Trend Micro have the US market for anti-virus software sewed up between them. But here comes Russias Kaspersky Lab trying togain afoothold. The Moscow-based company opened asales office outside ofBoston inFebruary and has signed up about 40resellers. Kaspersky reacts quicker than the giants tonew viruses and other forms ofmalware, and gets fixes out fast.

D. Sitting inthe office armchairs all-day long has become the norm for many ofus. Stress and rush make us forget about regular food and stuff our stomachs with cheeseburgers and sodas, which dont do any good toour bodies. As aresult, we rarely find time for exercises, gyms or balanced nutrition and its one ofthe reasons why alot ofpeople are overweight nowadays. However, it is possible tochange your lifestyle and lose your weight if you are willingto.




  .


   .

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