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David Cordingly

UNDER THE BLACK FLAG: THE ROMANCE AND THE REALITY OF LIFE AMONG THE PIRATES



Copyright  David Cordingly 1995

  .,    , 2024

   , 2024




  




 ,        (    ?),        .   軠        (  ),     500 .

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           .

 The New York Review of Books



    ,       ,     XVI   XVIII .

 The Boston Globe



    ,   ( )    ( ),        ,   .

 Publishers Weekly



                  ,     , ,    ,       ,        .   ,          .

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 Booklist



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 Civilazation




  


  1992          :   . ,      ,     ,       .                 .         -  ;        ;           ;    ;   ,   1909        ,   ,            ;       ; , ,    ; , ,  ,         .

     ,         -   International Creative Management.     ,       .        ,          .       ,    Random House,           , ,  ,     ,    .             Little, Brown  ,         .  ,      Β,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,    ,     ,  ,  ,  ,           .              ,     ,    ,     ,     .

,   ,        ,       ,      ,     .             (Captain Kidd and the War Against the Pirates),             .         (Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea)  .            ,      -    XVIII .     (The Sack of Panama)  ,           ,      .     (The Wooden World)  .     ,   ,            .   XVII XVIII ,       ,          .    ,    ,               .



 
,  
 1995 




 


   , 15001730.

      XVIII.

 -   XVIII.

   1700.

    1700.

     XVIII.







    .   ,      ,   , ,      .          .            ,    ,         ,     ,       .       ,         .    ,    ,       .         ,     ,  , ,     .

       ,      ( ,  ),   .       .       .     ,   , ,   ,    .      ,           蠫 ,     .

       . , ,         . ,  ,                 ,           . ,     ,      .           ,       ,  ,  ,  ,      .

   ,      , .            :            ,      .      ,             ,   ,             II.

         , ,   ,     . ,     ,   ,              , ,  ,    ,   .         ,     XVII.      .           .  ,  ,      ,      ,   .  1806.  ,      ,            .  ,       18      ,      ,        ,    .  ,          ,      ,  ,     .       ,         .    ,   ,     [1 - John Turner Sufferings of John Turner, Chief Mate of the Ship Tay Bound for China and Their Seizure and Captivity Among the Ladrones (London, 1809).].

      ,  -.           , ,  1825.     .         -  - .             .      -         .       .         -   :



      -  ,      ,          , ,    .          !               ,               ,         ! ,     !     ,     !      ,  ,  ,   ,  ,             ,   .      ,      .   ,           ,       ,       ?[2 - Lucretia Parker Piratical Barbarity or the Female Captive (New York, 1826), p.15.]


  ,    ,    ,        .      ,   .   -  .       ,     .    .

    .        ,    ,       .           .    ,        [3 -  (. Geuzen) , .],  .   1571  1572.           ,      .                   ,          ,     ,     ,   ,    .   ,             ,    .

      .      ,      ,     .   XVII.  -   .       ,        .        ,  1694.     XIV.

  ,        ,          ,     XVIII.          - .

      .                   .          ,  1862.     - .        - .       XIX.,           ,             . Ѡ1807.     ,    ,    .

,           ,         ,     ,   1650- .    1725.,  -       ,       .       ,     ,        ,    .         ,          ,         .    1720- .             ,         .

   ,   ,     ,     .

      ,       .   ,      VIII, ,           ,    ,   ,   , ,     ,    -.

    ,     ,          .     ,   .     ,        ,     ,      .  XVI.              .     ,            .

     ,        .                ,   .    ,     ,   .                ,       ,        .

  ,   .       ,     : , ,       .          .     .         ,              .      ,     ,    .             ,       1816,         .

  ,         XVII.      ,    ,      ,    ,   ,          .         ,    ,      .              ,    .            ,     .       boucaner (  , ),            .    ,            ,   .

 1620- .         ,     ,             ,       .     ,           .   ,     .          1671.    ,      .

     ,           .    ,       ,                .               ,      ,   .     ,     .          ,      ,        .          .

         ,  ,          .   ,       ,  ,    -   ,    .       ,         .     14  1724.   ,        .          ,     ,  London Gazette Daily Post.          ,   ,        . ,     ,        ,           .

 1932.         ,       (   )   ,   [4 -          .  1932          ,           .       Defoe in the Pillory and Other Studies (1939) 蠫Daniel Defoe, Citizen of the Modern World (Chicago, 1958).].                      (Defoe in the Pillory and Other Studies).       ,          ,        :         ,  ,      .               .

        ,             .  1988.          (The Canonisation of Daniel Defoe)   .      ,         ,  ,             ,  .     ,     ,      ,       ,      .        ,         .            ,     .          ,      ,       .

      ,             ,       .         ,    .      ,    XIX.      ,     ,     .                   .          .   ,      ,       ,     .      ,   .    ,         ,   ,    .    .      .

    -[5 - - (. Grand Tour   ) XVIIIXIX.         ,    . . .]          ,    ,        .         -,     .    1814.     .  , ,  ,       ,     .           ;  ,  ,    ( ),  ,         [6 -      3  1814 ; . : Rutherford, p.69.].        .       ,     .   ,    ,     1848.   .

 XIX.       .      ,        .      ,           -.  -       ,      ,       .




1

   


    ,        .       , ,  ,   ,               蠫 .      ,       1881[7 - Colvin (1911); Bell; McLynn;       Treasure Island (Oxford University Press World Classics, 1990).].      ,           ,     ,      .     :  ,  -       ,  .   ,      .             .         .   :        ,    ,         !    ,         ! ,    - : ,  ,  ,    [8 -      Treasure Island (op. cit.), p.7.].  ,      ,  ,            .  ,    , ,   ,         --,   .

       ,  ,    ,  ,  ,       .    ,       ,   ,      ,   ,        - .        ,    ,          Young Folks.         ,        ,      .   ,     , ,      ,  ,     .               .     ,           .    ,           .     ,     .    ,                  ,      ,      ,     ,    [9 - Robert Louis Stevenson My First Book (  ⠫The Idler  1894), . : Treasure Island (op. cit.), p.197.].

      Young Folks (       1881   1882.),      ,      .  1883.     ,     .     ,   -    ,      ,  .       : ,    [10 -      Treasure Island (op. cit.).],    : ,      ,      [11 - McLynn, p.266.].      :        .      ,                [12 - Bell, p.103.].

      ,         , ,    蠫  ,      .   ,     ,      ,           ,   .    ,                  .         .  1920.   ,        ( ).   1934.    ,     .  1950.              ,    .   1971.      ,  1990.    ,      ,   ,    .

          ,        ,       .         ,       ,    .         [13 - Charles Kingsley At Last.]           . ,        ,      .

    ,  ,  .    ,   ,           .  ,    ,      ,      .         ,           . Ӡ    ,      蠫   , ,  ,   [14 -  . .].           :       ,  ,     ,   ,     , ,     [15 -  ...]. ,      ,   ,    ,         ,   ,       .     :           ; ,  ,  ,  .    ,  ;       ,     [16 - Bell, p.103.].

     ,      ,  -   .    ,        ,      . Ӡ      ,           .   ,     :   .       ,   ,     . ,          ,    ,         ,    [17 -  ..,  1883, Colvin, p.116.].       ,    ,  ,    ,     ,      .

        ,           .     , ,  ,  ,   ,         , ,        ,             .       ,       .            .     ,     ,     .  1890.     ,      ,    ,  .    .   ,      ,   ,         .     .  ,      -            .        :      ,         .   1869.           ,  1870-     -    .       ,    ,   .  1874.           ,  1876-          (         ).          ,        :          ,        .   ,   ,       .

        .         ,  ,         . ,     ,   ,     ,    ,              .                  ,         .

          . ,    ,      ,    , ,          .  1684.                .     , -    ,     :       [18 - CO.1/57, f 381, PRO.].  ,  ,     ,         .  ,  ,      [19 -    . ADM.1/2242, PRO.].        .               ,     ,   ,        .             :      ,       [20 - Johnson, p.344.].   ,   ,             ,   .        .

        .   -        .    ,      XVIII.,      :  ,          ,              [21 - Ned Ward The Wooden World Dissected (London, 1707), p.82.]. Ӡ ,      ,    ,          .          ,        .

         .                      .  ,            .                      .         ,          19301550- .     [22 -  .   . .: -, 2019.],   1930.,                .    ,   ,     .    ,         .       :     !,      ,          .     :  ,     ?.         , ,           .

,     ,          .    :   ,    ,    ,       .            ,     XVIII.   1717.       The Post-Man    ,      -   -     ,      -     .    ,          -  - ,   -, ,   -,    ,      ,    [23 - The Post-Man, issues of 21 to 24 September (London, 1717).].

   ,     .  ,    , 1583.     -  .  1582.                  -[24 - PRO, HCA 1/42/26v, and PRO, HCA 1/41/189v.   Cheryl Fury and J.D.Alsop The Mariners Mirror, volume80 (London, 1994), p.341342.].       1712.    ,      ,    ,           .  1676.          ,             -:



      ,     ,            .       ,  , , ,         [25 - Dampier, volume II, p.223.].


         ?      :     ,      1600  1640., 73%      [26 - Senior, p.15.].      1720- .,    .    ,  - ,            , ,  98%       ,     [27 - Rediker (Cambridge, 1989; paperback edition), p.258.].      ,     ,     .

,       ,  . , ,                   .  ,                   .            .

       .     ,     ,        .           !    !,        :



           (  ),       .    ,         .       ,      ,          ,   ,   .


        1844.  [28 - The Seamans Manual.].    ,   XVII.         :



   , ,    ,  ,    :   ,   ,         ,        ,    ,   ,    ,   .                [29 -  : Harland, p.177.         ,         .].


       ,   ,    -.           - ,      . -              .  - ,          ,     .      .   XVIII.     , ,     .               ,   ,   .              [30 -     : Rodger (op. cit.), p.6465; Rediker, p.11; Ritchie, p.114; Dudley Jarrett, British Naval Dress (London, 1960); Commander W. E. May, The Dress of Naval Officers (London, 1966).].

           ,      ,            . ,        ,   ,   ,       ,    [31 - Senior, p.37.].    ,  1615.  ,  ,     :    ,           .   ,           ,         .   ,         1722.          ,       ,         [32 - Johnson, p.243.].

         ,       .             .        ,     .    ,        ,   .                .       ,      .  -    ,       ,        .        ,        ,      .              .

  ,         ,    .  1698.       ,      :  ,      ,      ,    , ,    . ,  ,   -     [33 - CO.323/3, f 56(ii), PRO.].

        1715.        ,    , ,     [34 - Ordinary of Newgate, His Account of the Behaviour, Confession, and Last Speech of Capt. Alexander Dolzell, 1715 (London, 1715).].

      ,        ,   .     37      . 28  1726. The Boston Gazette         ,           :



  ,      20 ,    ,                  .        ,       .                   .


         ,       .    ,      ,       ,       ,     ,       .



    ,         , -             ,  ,    .

   ,     ,     .      ,     ,      ,  -        .                           ,   ,      - .       ,                 [35 - Johnson, p.8485.].


        . 5 1717.        .           ,    [36 - CO.152/12, no. 67(iii), PRO.].   ,   ,           ,        :       ,      [37 - Lee, p.233.].

        ,     ,   .         ,   ,    .   -      , ,      ,   .        ,     ,       ,      ,   [38 - Johnson, p.243.].          :             .       .  1716.  ,        ,   ,      .          ,    -.     ,       ,      .       ,       .        ,    ,           [39 - Drury, Madagascar (London, 1897).].

  ,          .      XVIII.  27 ,         - [40 - Rediker, p.12, 260; Rodger, p.114.].       - ,             : , , ,            .  ,     ,       ,   ,  ,            ,  ,      .

,    -   ,     .  XVII.      ,          .   ,           1668.,   ,    , , ,   ,    [41 - Earle, p.6566.].     XVII.       ,   1725.            (guardo del costa),          ,    .  ,      1715  1725.     -,      . ,  ,  35%,   ,  ,  25%,     , 20%  - :   , ,  ; 10%  , 8% ,    , , ,  [42 -          ,    ,     ,        .].



    ,        .  ,     ,     -.     , , , -,      .

      .    ,  1721.   ,       ,     180  48     ,      100  40    [43 - CO.152/13, f 282, PRO.].                  ,  ,     187  75 .         .        -, ,    1721.             ,     60  19  [44 - CSPC, volume 172021, no. 758.]. ,     ,         ,  ,        , , ,   [45 - CO.23/1, part 3, f 49 (ii), PRO.].

 ,        .  ,           ,            .  , ,  ,    -,   ,          .       .      ,      .     ,     ,              :  ,       , ,    .  ,   ,      ,         .   50  , 25  ,    16  .       [46 - CO.1/57, f 381, PRO.].  1681.  ,   ,     44 ,        ,       蠫 ,   ,   [47 - Dampier, volI, p.33.].  ,      , ,        .      ,     ,     .    ,   ,     109  .

  ,    ,     ,          ,   ,  [48 -       ,  XVIXIX.      . . .],        .            .          1679.       ,  12 ,        [49 - Exquemelin,  IV, .366.].  1720- .,    , -    ,            .  1724.  ,    ,            ,      ,    ,      [50 - CO.38/24, no. 145, PRO.].

                         ,    - -    .      ,   ,   ,     -  ,         .  ,      .        ,    ,    .    -   XVIII.   ,    XVII.       ,  1602.     ,       -,                .  1613 1615.       -   .   ,        - ,           .          ,     (Of theBeginnings, Practices, and Suppression of Pirates)[51 - G.E. Manwaring, W. C. Perrin The Life and Works of Sir Henry Mainwaring.  2. (Navy Records Society, London, 19201921).].

     .    ,    - ,      ,          ,         .     ,        .   31       .       ,   ,           [52 - William Lithgow Rare Adventures and Painfull Peregrinations (London, 1632).].

             ,    ,      . ,  ,  ,     ,          .




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notes








1


John Turner Sufferings of John Turner, Chief Mate of the Ship Tay Bound for China and Their Seizure and Captivity Among the Ladrones (London, 1809).




2


Lucretia Parker Piratical Barbarity or the Female Captive (New York, 1826), p.15.




3


 (. Geuzen) , .




4


         .  1932          ,           .       Defoe in the Pillory and Other Studies (1939) 蠫Daniel Defoe, Citizen of the Modern World (Chicago, 1958).




5


- (. Grand Tour   ) XVIIIXIX.         ,    . . .




6


     3  1814 ; . : Rutherford, p.69.




7


Colvin (1911); Bell; McLynn;       Treasure Island (Oxford University Press World Classics, 1990).




8


     Treasure Island (op. cit.), p.7.




9


Robert Louis Stevenson My First Book (  ⠫The Idler  1894), . : Treasure Island (op. cit.), p.197.




10


     Treasure Island (op. cit.).




11


McLynn, p.266.




12


Bell, p.103.




13


Charles Kingsley At Last.




14


 . .




15


 ...




16


Bell, p.103.




17


 ..,  1883, Colvin, p.116.




18


CO.1/57, f 381, PRO.




19


   . ADM.1/2242, PRO.




20


Johnson, p.344.




21


Ned Ward The Wooden World Dissected (London, 1707), p.82.




22


 .   . .: -, 2019.




23


The Post-Man, issues of 21 to 24 September (London, 1717).




24


PRO, HCA 1/42/26v, and PRO, HCA 1/41/189v.   Cheryl Fury and J.D.Alsop The Mariners Mirror, volume80 (London, 1994), p.341342.




25


Dampier, volume II, p.223.




26


Senior, p.15.




27


Rediker (Cambridge, 1989; paperback edition), p.258.




28


The Seamans Manual.




29


 : Harland, p.177.         ,         .




30


    : Rodger (op. cit.), p.6465; Rediker, p.11; Ritchie, p.114; Dudley Jarrett, British Naval Dress (London, 1960); Commander W. E. May, The Dress of Naval Officers (London, 1966).




31


Senior, p.37.




32


Johnson, p.243.




33


CO.323/3, f 56(ii), PRO.




34


Ordinary of Newgate, His Account of the Behaviour, Confession, and Last Speech of Capt. Alexander Dolzell, 1715 (London, 1715).




35


Johnson, p.8485.




36


CO.152/12, no. 67(iii), PRO.




37


Lee, p.233.




38


Johnson, p.243.




39


Drury, Madagascar (London, 1897).




40


Rediker, p.12, 260; Rodger, p.114.




41


Earle, p.6566.




42


         ,    ,     ,        .




43


CO.152/13, f 282, PRO.




44


CSPC, volume 172021, no. 758.




45


CO.23/1, part 3, f 49 (ii), PRO.




46


CO.1/57, f 381, PRO.




47


Dampier, volI, p.33.




48


      ,  XVIXIX.      . . .




49


Exquemelin,  IV, .366.




50


CO.38/24, no. 145, PRO.




51


G.E. Manwaring, W. C. Perrin The Life and Works of Sir Henry Mainwaring.  2. (Navy Records Society, London, 19201921).




52


William Lithgow Rare Adventures and Painfull Peregrinations (London, 1632).


