 -.    
 


 1968             -       ,           ,       .          -.        ,    .  -               .

  PDF A4   .





 

 -.    



Robert Venturi

Learning from Las Vegas: The Forgotten Symbolism of Architectural Form



 The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1972, 1977

    , 2023


* * *


   







   


            (commercial strip, .).            ,     ,       .

 -   91,    ,    .  ,                 ,         ,    .       ,     ,    ,    ; ,             ,    ,     (urban sprawl, .).        ,                  .

     ,            1968 .       ,  ,    ,  -,          ,        .    -,      .    ,   ,   -  ,         .

     ,    -     -.               .   , ,     -          A&P[1 - A&P             .      (1961).    . ,   ,  A&P              ,    .       ,     .],   - ( Architectural Forum, , 1968);        ,      1968-.      ,         ,    ,   3     -.        ,  ,      .  ,  ,   ,          .  ,         ,   ,     :        ,      -  .           ,    , ,                  ,            ,  ,      ,       ,  ,  .

-      ,         ,     ,     .          ,    ,       [2 -  (. Strip)    -,      ,        .] (Strip Beautification Committee, .) ,         .         :        8925 .   ,  ,    ,      ,           ,    .     ,       ,          ,       .

        ,     ,          ,        ,            ,                      .

C  ,  Stardust,     ,      .     ,         .   YESCO[3 - YESCO, Young Electric Sign Company      ,  ,    .]              -.  ,      ,     Las Vegas Sun,  ,         . , ,       -,              Circus Circus      , ,   ,             .

    ,        .           ,              .     ,  ., ..,  ,  ,  ,  ,  .,  ,  , -- (   ),  ,  ,  .   .  ,      ,    ,   ,   ,       -  .

     ,         ,    ,    ,   .                ,     .          ,        ,       , ,   ,   ,        .          ,              .           ,   .  , ,           ,  .          .

    ,          :     Avis, -;     ;  ;   -  ;      ;     Hertz, -;  ;  ;   .;  ;  ;     National, -; The Ossabaw Island Project[4 - The Ossabaw Island Project      , ,           ,      ,      ()     1961  1982 .];     ;  Rohm and Haas, ;    -;         -;    (The Yale Reports, .);  YESCO, -;             ,        ,    ;      ,  ,    ,     ,         -,  ,   ,       .

    ,  ,            , ,    ,   -  , .

         .      ,       ;        ,     1965 ;   Venturi and Rauch,       , ,   [5 -  :   Rauch (. , ) of Gibraltar,    Rock of Gibraltar ( ).],    ,          ,     ,      ;    ,              ;          .  ,     ,  ,   sine qua non[6 - Sine qua non (. Conditio sine qua non, .)  ; ,      .].



     

 , -




   


    -    ,           . ,           ,    ,      ,     .      ,        - ,     ,   ,       .

,     ,   ,    ,     ,    ,    -,         .     ,   ,                                ,  :  ,           ,       .

,    ,  ,   ,              ,     ,       . -     .      .  ,    (    ,         ),    ,    .           .  ,      ,       ,    .         ,          .

             .        ,    ,     ,       .

    ,    -    ,             ;         -[7 - On Architectural Formalism and Social Concern; a Discourse for Social Planners and Radical Chic Architects // Oppositions 5. Summer 1976. P. 99112.].

C       -,  -   -  ,              ,  ,  ,   .                       ;   ,     ,     On Site,  [8 - On Site On Energy, issue 5/6 / ed. A.Sky, M.Stone. New York: SITE, Inc., 1974.].

                         .                             ,          ,     .         .

             ,    .   ,       ,      .     ,  , ,   .

                   .      ,       -,        ,       ,   .        .    ,                Renwick.        ,   :     ,              ,      .   ,       ,    .

          ,      -     .      ,      ,       .          .      ,                     ,   [9 - Formal Analysis as Design Research, With Some Notes on Studio Pedagogy // Journal on Architectural Education. May 1979. Vol. XXXII. 4.].

,    ,   .    ,     ,       Architecture and Urbanism (Architecture And Urbanism (A+U), 12 (1981)).

  ,    ,     , -     .         .   .        ,       ,      . -           .

 ,  ,       -,     ,   ,     .   ,    ,     ,   ,      -.   ,  ,      ,              2 ? 2 = 4    ,            , ,   ,         ,              .             ,      ,       .        ,  -,     ,   ,     .



  

--, 




 I.     A&P,   -





?     A&P,   -


       ,  ,   ,  ,        ,          ,      ,    .             ,     ,    ,    [10 - ? .       ,    .PoiterR. T.S.Eliot and the Literature of Waste // The New Republic. May 20, 1967. P. 21.].

        ,   .   ,    ,   1920-       ,   ;            .

  ,    -- (. 1, 2),   -   ,   .                 ,   ,     ;     .          ,   :       ,    .






. 1. --.   -






. 2.  --



             - :         . - XVIII         .          ,   .      .     .

     ,      . -   ,               ,          ,    ,       .    :   ,     ,   ;    ,   .         ,        .      .




?     


-         .  ,               ,        -  .          ,        , , ,         ,   ,     ,  ,    .     ( -)           ,       ( -),       ,   .  ,               ,            .           ,   , ,                 . , ,  ,        (persuasion, .)   ,      ,        .       .




     


      [11 -       ,       .      ,   ,   ,  ,        ,        ,     .],        ,        ,         ,           ,             .        -        .  -   .               .

      ,         ,   .       ,  .    -      : contorni (   , , .)  duomo (, .),  portiere (, , .),     portone (, .), [12 - Supercortemaggiore    .]    .         ,    [13 -    ( ) (19172019)  -  ,      .]        66.




  


   ,   ,  .  ,  ,      ,     66  -.        ,        .                ,    ,    (,      ).        ;             ,         .

          XIX.  ,   ,    [14 -    I (16031625).]     .         .            ,    ,      , ,   - .                .           ,      .

-    ,   ,      .     ,      ,     .  ,      ,       ,          -   ,         .          .        .  ,   ,         ;        ,      .   ,          .  [15 -    .]   [16 -      1929        .]     :       .           ,    :     .




  



  ,      ,   -,          :           ,    ,    .        ,      ,     ,    ,    [17 - ColquhounA. Typology and Design Method // Arena. Journal of the Architectural Association. June 1967. P. 1114.].

          .  ,   ,    ,               ;    ,    Archigram[18 -   -, ,  ,  ,     ,      - 1960- .],      ,    -   .             ,       ,             New Yorker  - .          XIX   ,         .  ,      ,    ,              ,    .     ?    .

 Miami Beach Modern                 , ,  ,          Monticello,      ,  .          , ,   ,     ,      .               .       19401950-      ,    .     ,    [19 -    (19021978)  ,        .]




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/book/robert-venturi/uroki-las-vegasa-zabytyy-simvolizm-arhitekturnoy-formy-70106116/chitat-onlayn/)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


A&P             .      (1961).    . ,   ,  A&P              ,    .       ,     .




2


 (. Strip)    -,      ,        .




3


YESCO, Young Electric Sign Company      ,  ,    .




4


The Ossabaw Island Project      , ,           ,      ,      ()     1961  1982 .




5


 :   Rauch (. , ) of Gibraltar,    Rock of Gibraltar ( ).




6


Sine qua non (. Conditio sine qua non, .)  ; ,      .




7


On Architectural Formalism and Social Concern; a Discourse for Social Planners and Radical Chic Architects // Oppositions 5. Summer 1976. P. 99112.




8


On Site On Energy, issue 5/6 / ed. A.Sky, M.Stone. New York: SITE, Inc., 1974.




9


Formal Analysis as Design Research, With Some Notes on Studio Pedagogy // Journal on Architectural Education. May 1979. Vol. XXXII. 4.




10


? .       ,    .

PoiterR. T.S.Eliot and the Literature of Waste // The New Republic. May 20, 1967. P. 21.




11


      ,       .      ,   ,   ,  ,        ,        ,     .




12


Supercortemaggiore    .




13


   ( ) (19172019)  -  ,      .




14


   I (16031625).




15


   .




16


     1929        .




17


ColquhounA. Typology and Design Method // Arena. Journal of the Architectural Association. June 1967. P. 1114.




18


  -, ,  ,  ,     ,      - 1960- .




19


   (19021978)  ,        .


