.       
 


  ,     ,       . ,    - ,    ,          ,    ,                 .             .  ,               ,  les lieux de mmoire    (.),    ,      .     ,       ,         .     ,  -     -  (),    .





 

.       



 ., 2023

 .,  , 2023

 OOO   , 2023


* * *







          ,              .    ,   XX,                 .  2022       .    24  2022 .       ,       ,      . ,       ,  ,           ,   .   ,          ,   .

 ,  ,      XV,      period eye.                ,    ,      [1 - BaxandallM. The Period Eye. Painting and experience in fifteenth century Italy: aprimer in the social history of pictorial style. Oxford, 1988.].

        .       , ,   ,   ,      ,    .  . ,        ,        ,    ,   (Bloodlands),             [2 - SnyderT. Bloodlands. Europe between Hitler and Stalin. New York, 2010.].

 ,        ,      .            : ,   24  2022    ,   .



,  2023








             . ,    - ,    ,          ,    ,                       .

      ,     .

     ,               ,  les lieux de mmoire    (.),    ,      .      ,  . ?????   ?????  ,                 .

         ? ,    , ,    ,  ,   ,  ,   ,      .             ,      [3 - .     . ., 2019.].

  ,    ,       1990-               (GWZO[4 - Leibniz Institut f?r Geschichte und Kultur des ?stlichen Europa (GWZO).]),       .     ,   ,   ,       ,     ,  -  , -  -  ,     ,   ,      ,        .          -                .  ,   ,   ,      1996  2020         1970-,  .            ,    1990-        .

  ,         ,      (Trufanowstra?e),       .               -       -   .          1945 .       ,        .       .

, ,               ,            XIX   XX,     .           1913 ,       ,   ,    ;       .       ,       ,          ,          ,          .       ,        ,    ,       [5 -    .: BartetzkyA. Die gerettete Stadt. Architektur und Stadtentwicklung in Leipzig seit 1989  Erfolge, Risiken, Verluste. Leipzig: Lehmstedt, 2015.].      ,     ,    .        .   ,       XX       ,  ,        .  ,     ,   ,          ,   ,           .    :        .       ,   ,   ,    , .    ?     ,      ,   -  ?           .

  , ,  ,   ,   ,        ,   .




  


  ,                       . ,      ,   .    ,  ,          .  ,           ,    ,            [6 - ElkinsJ. Is Art History Global? New York, 2007 (The Art Seminar 3) // World Art Studies: exploring concepts and approaches / K.Zijlmans, W. van Damme (eds.). Amsterdam, 2008; Circulations in the Global History of Art / Th.DaCosta Kaufmann, C.Dossin, B.Joyeux-Prunel (eds.). Farnham, 2015 (Studies in Art Historiography 10); Universal  International  Global. Art Historiographies of Socialist Eastern Europe / DmitrievaM., HockB., KempeA. (eds.). Wien; K?ln; Weimar, 2022.].

  ,          2000- ,     .

       1982         ,             [7 - Bialostocki J. A Comparative History of World Art, is it Possible? // Problemi di metodo, condizioni di esistenza di una storia dellarte. Problems of Method / L.Vayer (ed.). Conditions of Art History, Atti del XXIV Congresso C. I. H. A., Bologna, 1979. Bologna, 1982. . 207216.].          ,    ,         .     ,     .   (Kunstgeographie)   1920-          ,    .     ,      ,   ,   ,       .

 ,            ,     .    -,       ,   ,   .   ,   ,       ,                 ,         1980- ,     [8 - .: .   :     . ., 2015.    .   .].            XVXVII  ,     , ,   [9 - Bialostocki J. The Art of the Renaissance in Eastern Europe. London, 1976.].        :           ,    [10 - Bialostocki J. Some Values of Artistic Periphery // LavinI. (ed.). World Art. Themes of Unity in Diversity. Acts of the XXVIth International Congress of the History of Art. Washington, D. C., 1986. London: University Park, 1989. Vol. 1. . 4954.].      (, )            .

        2000-    ,              [11 - Tichindeleanu O. Decolonizing Eastern Europe: Beyond Internal Critique // GHIU, 2011. . 113.]. ,        ,        ,           ,      .



     ,   ;        ,    ,       ,  ,   ,   [12 -  . East European Art Peripheries Facing Post-Colonial Theory (2014) . : https://nonsite.org/east-european-art-peripheries-facing-post-colonial-theory.].


        ,   ,    ,    ,         [13 - Kaufmann Th.DaCosta. Toward a Geography of Art. Chicago, 2004.].         ,           , ,   . , ,         (-,      ,            ),          . ,    ,        ,        ,    . , ,    19101920-        ,     ,         ,      [14 - .: . i i i .    i  // i i : i, i, i, , . ?i, 2021. . 928.].      -    ,    , , ,    ,        (       imagined communities)         [15 - Art Histories and Visual Studies in Europe / .Rampley, Th.Lenain, H.Locher, A.Pinotti, Ch.Schoell-Glass, K.Zijlmans (eds.) // Transnational Discourses and National Frameworks. Leiden, 2012 (Brills Studies on Art, Art History, and Intellectual History. 212/4).],        .




  


  1960-         ,     ,   -  ,     .       ,            ,  .

               ,       . , ,    ,          ,    1960-     .

  ,   ,     1967        ,     (espace dautre)[16 -        1966 .      1984 . .: FoucaultM. Htrotopie // Architecture, Mouvement, Continuit. 1984. 5. . 4649.]. ,  ,   ,   ,     ().       ,   ,    .    , ,    ,                     .

      .    ,   1967      [17 - BarthesR. Smiologie et Urbanisme // LArchitecture dAujourdhui. 1970. Dec. P. 153 (       ).].

 ,     ,      .



   ,       :     ,    ,   ,      ,     ,   ,  [18 - Ibid. P. 12.].


    ,    -      .     ,   ,   ,    .

       ,      ,      ,         .     (1960)      .    , -  -,        imageability,     (   )  ,      .      (mental map),       .     ,   -,   ,    :  (paths),  (edges),  (districts),  (nodes),  (landmarks)[19 - LynchK. The Image of the City. The MIT Press, 1960.].     ,     ;   , , , ,  ,         [20 - : LynchK. Notes on City Satisfactions // T.Banerjee, M.Southworth (eds.). City Sense and City Design: Writings and Projects of Kevin Lynch. Cambridge, Mass., 1990. . 105.].            ,          ,         .                 (1984).     ,             .          ,    [21 - Cities of the Mind. Images and Themes of the City in the Social Sciences / R.Hollister, L.Rodwin (eds.). New York, 1984.].          [22 - : Imaging the City: Continuing Struggles and New Directions / L.J.Vale, S.B.Jr. Warner (eds.). Abingdon-on-Thames, 2019.].

          ,     :



       ,      .    ,   , ,  [23 - . . ., 2001. . 35.].


                  -:       [24 - .: WallachY. A City in Fragments. Urban Text in Modern Jerusalem. Stanford, 2020.].

               1920- ,         ,      .        .

    ,   1980-     ,   ,        ,        .   ,       ,  ,     ,    ,    ,    ,       ,   ,  -     .   2000-           ,         [25 - Schl?gel K. Promenade in Jalta und andere St?dtebilder. M?nchen; Wien, 2001; Idem. Die Mitte liegt ostw?rts: Europa im ?bergang. M?nchen, 2002; Idem. Moskau lesen: die Stadt als Buch. M?nchen, 2005 ( . .:  . .: , 2010); Idem. Marjampole oder Europas Wiederkehr aus dem Geist der St?dte. M?nchen, 2005; Idem. Der Duft der Imperien: Chanel 5 und Rotes Moskau. M?nchen, 2020.].               , ,        .




 


                     .       ,     [26 -      .      .].

,        ,      . , ,              1410    (       )[27 -           ,    .],        ,     XIX  ,        .        (18721878)         ,     .             ,        -   (20122015)[28 - Deutsch-polnische Erinnerungsorte / H.H.Hahn, R.Traba (hrsg.). Berlin, 20122015.].

,       ,  ,    ,    ,     ,   .                          20142015           2022-.          BLM      .

   ,   ,       .       ,      .

         ,    .           [29 - . : EtienneA., ForsdickCh., MoudilenoL. Postcolonial Realms of Memory Sites and Symbols in Modern France. Liverpool, 2020 (Contemporary French and Francophone Cultures, 68); PredaC. The Transnational memorialization of Monumental Socialist Public Works in Eastern Europe // International Journal of Cultural Studies 23. 2020. 3. . 401421. .      (Centre for Research in Visual Studies, CRVS): Re-writing history? Monuments, iconoclasm, and social justice movements in 2020 (https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/crvc/research-seminars/re-writing-history-monuments-iconoclasm-and-social-justice-movements-in-2020.aspx).].

       .      ,        .

  ,    ,     ,   ( Das Unbehagen in der Kultur )[30 - AssmannA. Das neue Unbehagen an der Erinnerungskultur. Eine Intervention. M?nchen, 2013.].         .                     ,      .

            ?     ?

              , , , .   ,          ? , ,      ,    ..    ,        -  [31 - GabowitschM. The Limits of Iconoclasm: Soviet War Memorials since the End of Socialism // International Public History. Vol. 1. 2018. 2. . 16; .     :     //  . 2015. 3.].   -  ,    ...       ,  1913- (      ),     ?        ?

       .   ,                             ,    .

     ,   ,   1920-   ,             ?     .

            ?             ?        .                      .               .

                 ,       - (non-lieux,    ).   ?

       .     ,  ?              -         .     ?      ?

             .       ,               .          ,  ,  ,  ,  .

          (19292017),                ;      (19392018),            .          -      .      ,       ,           ,     1992 ,   .., .., ..,      .

            :   (),   (),      (),      (),   (  ),   (),   (-  ).           (),     ().

                .

 ,                .      ,           ,      ,           .



,  2021




I. 





     ?[32 -        2013 .]



 2013   ,   ,       [33 -   .: .   :        //  . 2013. 107. 22 . http://www.rg.ru/2013/05/21/bruskin-poln.html.].   ,    ,     ,      .               : , ,   .    ,         .  - ,     ,                         .  ,    , ,  ,   ,    ,      ,   ,    ,    .           .                 .    .

  ,     ,        ,       .         ,          ,     [34 -    (Erinnerungskultur)       ,    -       (politics of memory).].    .     ,   ,    ,    ,  30        ,          .             - .          [35 - ,    : AssmannA. Der lange Schatten der Vergangenheit. Erinnerungskultur und Geschichtspolitik. Bonn, 2007 ( . .: .   :     . ., 2014); LottesG. Erinnerungskulturen zwischen Psychologie und Kulturwissenschaft // Erinnerung, Ged?chtnis, Wissen. Studien zur kulturwissenschaftlichen Ged?chtnisforschung / G.Oesterle (ed.). G?ttingen, 2005. S. 163184.         .: Tr?bst S. Postkommunistische Erinnerungskulturen im ?stlichen Europa. Bestandsaufnahme, Kategorisierung, Periodisierung. Wroclaw, 2005 (Berichte des Willy Brandt Zentrum 7); Idem. Erinnerungskultur  Kulturgeschichte  Geschichtsregion. Ostmitteleuropa in Europa. Stuttgart, 2013.].           ,  ,      ,          ,     ()   ([36 -                 2010       ,      ,     ,      , ,   ,    .]),         .

                .   ,          .  ,      ,    ,         XX,      [37 - HuyssenA. Present Pasts: Urban Palimspsests and the Politics of Memory. Stanford, 2003. P. 16.]. ,       ,          :



    ,         .        [38 - A.     //   . 2012. 4 (116).].


 ,    ,    1970-     ,     ,      ?  .   ,        (  )   ,      .       ,    ,      ,     (Erfahrungsraum),    (Erwartungshorizont),   .          ,     - ,      ,       [39 - KoselleckR. Vergangene Zukunft. Zur Semantik geschichtlicher Zeiten. Frankfurt a. M., 1995. S. 300349.].

           . ,                  (15281529, ,  ),             .

-,      .        ʸ   ,    XX .    ,  ,  ,         [40 -     ,       .            ,     . : Zettelk?sten. Maschinen der Phantasie / H.Gfrereis, E.Strittmatter (hrsg.). =Marbacherkatalog 66. Marbach, 2013, : Koselleck, .,   .]. ,  ,    ,   ,              .

         .      ,          . , ,         ,    .         ,       [41 - Halbwachs. La Mmoire collective. Paris, 1950; .     //  . 2005. 23.].   ,    ,     .   ,     .      (les milieux de mmoire)     ,       (les lieux de mmoire)[42 - NoraP. Between Memory and History: Les Lieux de Memoire // Representations. Vol. 26. 1989. . 724; .    //  . 2005. 23.].       ,    ,   [43 - NoraP. Les Lieux de Mmoire. Vol. 17. Paris, 19841992.].               ,    [44 -    : Deutsche Erinnerungsorte / E.Fran?ois, H.Schulze (hrsg.). Bd. 13. M?nchen, 2001. .     -  : Deutsch-polnische Erinnerungsorte / H.H.Hahn, R.A.Traba (hrsg.). Bd. 15. Paderborn, 20012012; Erinnerungsorte in Ostmitteleuropa. Erfahrungen der Vergangenheit und Perspektiven / M.Weber, B.Olschowsky (hrsg.). (Schriften des Bundesinstituts f?r Kultur und Geschichte der Deutschen im ?stlichen Europa, Bd. 42). M?nchen, 2011.].

            ?

 ,    ,       ,               ,   .     ,    ,        ,       , , ,   ,         .          ,      1930-     XIX ,           .         1990-        .

      ,   ,     ,  ,         .    1990-     (           )      ,         .       ,      . ,    ,      ,          [45 - SojaE.W. Postmodern Geographies: The Reassertion of Space in Critical Social Theory. London, 1989.   spatial turn        .: Schl?gel K. Im Raume lesen wir die Zeit. ?ber Zivilisationsgeschichte und Geopolitik. M?nchen, 2003.].        ,         [46 - Soviet Hieroglyphics: Visual Culture in Late Twentieth Century Russia / N.Condee (ed.). Bloomington, London, 1995.].

       ,      ,    1920-          .  ,     :  (),  ()   ().   ,           .        ,    .            [47 - The Iconography of Landscape: Essays on the Symbolic Representation, Design, and Use of Past Environment / D.E.Cosgrove, S.Daniels (eds.). Cambridge, 1988.]   ,    , ,   .          .            ,    [48 - Czepczynski M. Cultural Landscape of Post-Socialist Cities. Representation of Powers and Needs. London, 2008; Idem. Representations and images of recent history. The transition of post-socialist landscape icons // The Post-Socialist City. Continuity and Change in Urban Space and Imagery / M.Dmitrieva, A.Kliems (eds.). Berlin, 2010. P. 1633. . : Cities after the Fall of Communism. Reshaping Cultural landscapes and European identity / J.Czaplicka, N.Gelazis, Blair A.Ruble (eds.). Washington; Baltimore, 2009; Architectures au-del? du Mur, 19892009: Berlin, Varsovie, Moscou / E. Brard, C.Jaquand (eds.). Paris, 2009.].

         ,         .          ,         ,     ,    , , ,    ,      .    ,     ,    ,             .                ,            -,    .      ,   ,     ,   .          ,      [49 - Von der Ablehnung zur Aneignung? Das architektonische Erbe des Sozialismus in Mittel- und Osteuropa / A.Bartetzky, Ch.Dietz, J.Haspel (hrsg.). K?ln; Weimar; Wien, 2014.].   ,       (,        XVIII,      ,  ,    ).            ,     .  ,     ,       ,         ,             , -  ,    .       2012    ,               [50 - http://www.archnadzor.ru/.].               ,        ,         .       ,   ,      ,          .

            ,   , , . ,    ,     ,   , ,                 ,       ,    ,             .        ,    .    ,  ,  ,           .

    -   ,      ,       .  -,          .                ,  .

     ,    , ,  ?    ,        ?           ?

    ,           .




Damnatio memoriae


Damnatio memoriae        ,       , ,  ,    .              ,       .

,     ,           ,   .           .         1991        ,   ,    .     , ,    III     .






. 1.    (  , 1952)     2013 . : Mstyslav Chernov / Unframe / Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA 3.0



          :   (  , 1970 ,    ,   1991 )         ,        ,        .            .   , ,             [51 - Br?ggemann K., KasekampA. The Politics of History and the War of Memories in Estonia // Nationalities Papers. 2008. Vol. 36. P. 425448.].         ,       .     2013          (  ),       1990-,           (. 1).

          .      ,   -        [52 - Der Kommunismus im Museum. Formen der Auseinandersetzung in Deutschland und Ostmitteleuropa / V.Knigge, U. M?hlert (eds.). K?ln; Weimar; Wien, 2005; Past for the Eyes. East European Representations of Communism in Cinema and Museums after 1989 / O.Sarkisova, P.Apor (eds.). Budapest; New York, 2008; Post-Communist Nostalgia / M.Todorova, Z.Gille (eds.). New York; Oxford, 2010.].   ,             ,   ,    .      ,          ,       .  ,     ,          ,       ,               ,       .          -       ,          .











. 2  2b.    .   (Thomas Vogt / Flickr / CC BY 2.0 DEED)     (Wikimedia)






. 3.   The Hook, 1994, . :  



         2015         ,     -,       .   (. 2)    .    1952     .          :   , ,   .   ,      . ,                 (1994):            .                  [53 -       .: LybiteE. Art as a Witness. Sculptor Mindaugas Navakas // Lituanus. Lithuanian Quarterly Journal of Arts and Sciences. Vol. 57. 2. Summer 2011. http://www.lituanus.org/2011/11_2_04Lubyte.html.]




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/chitat-onlayn/?art=70155487)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


BaxandallM. The Period Eye. Painting and experience in fifteenth century Italy: aprimer in the social history of pictorial style. Oxford, 1988.




2


SnyderT. Bloodlands. Europe between Hitler and Stalin. New York, 2010.




3


.     . ., 2019.




4


Leibniz Institut f?r Geschichte und Kultur des ?stlichen Europa (GWZO).




5


   .: BartetzkyA. Die gerettete Stadt. Architektur und Stadtentwicklung in Leipzig seit 1989  Erfolge, Risiken, Verluste. Leipzig: Lehmstedt, 2015.




6


ElkinsJ. Is Art History Global? New York, 2007 (The Art Seminar 3) // World Art Studies: exploring concepts and approaches / K.Zijlmans, W. van Damme (eds.). Amsterdam, 2008; Circulations in the Global History of Art / Th.DaCosta Kaufmann, C.Dossin, B.Joyeux-Prunel (eds.). Farnham, 2015 (Studies in Art Historiography 10); Universal  International  Global. Art Historiographies of Socialist Eastern Europe / DmitrievaM., HockB., KempeA. (eds.). Wien; K?ln; Weimar, 2022.




7


Bialostocki J. A Comparative History of World Art, is it Possible? // Problemi di metodo, condizioni di esistenza di una storia dellarte. Problems of Method / L.Vayer (ed.). Conditions of Art History, Atti del XXIV Congresso C. I. H. A., Bologna, 1979. Bologna, 1982. . 207216.




8


.: .   :     . ., 2015.    .   .




9


Bialostocki J. The Art of the Renaissance in Eastern Europe. London, 1976.




10


Bialostocki J. Some Values of Artistic Periphery // LavinI. (ed.). World Art. Themes of Unity in Diversity. Acts of the XXVIth International Congress of the History of Art. Washington, D. C., 1986. London: University Park, 1989. Vol. 1. . 4954.




11


Tichindeleanu O. Decolonizing Eastern Europe: Beyond Internal Critique // GHIU, 2011. . 113.




12


 . East European Art Peripheries Facing Post-Colonial Theory (2014) . : https://nonsite.org/east-european-art-peripheries-facing-post-colonial-theory.




13


Kaufmann Th.DaCosta. Toward a Geography of Art. Chicago, 2004.




14


.: . i i i .    i  // i i : i, i, i, , . ?i, 2021. . 928.




15


Art Histories and Visual Studies in Europe / .Rampley, Th.Lenain, H.Locher, A.Pinotti, Ch.Schoell-Glass, K.Zijlmans (eds.) // Transnational Discourses and National Frameworks. Leiden, 2012 (Brills Studies on Art, Art History, and Intellectual History. 212/4).




16


       1966 .      1984 . .: FoucaultM. Htrotopie // Architecture, Mouvement, Continuit. 1984. 5. . 4649.




17


BarthesR. Smiologie et Urbanisme // LArchitecture dAujourdhui. 1970. Dec. P. 153 (       ).




18


Ibid. P. 12.




19


LynchK. The Image of the City. The MIT Press, 1960.




20


: LynchK. Notes on City Satisfactions // T.Banerjee, M.Southworth (eds.). City Sense and City Design: Writings and Projects of Kevin Lynch. Cambridge, Mass., 1990. . 105.




21


Cities of the Mind. Images and Themes of the City in the Social Sciences / R.Hollister, L.Rodwin (eds.). New York, 1984.




22


: Imaging the City: Continuing Struggles and New Directions / L.J.Vale, S.B.Jr. Warner (eds.). Abingdon-on-Thames, 2019.




23


. . ., 2001. . 35.




24


.: WallachY. A City in Fragments. Urban Text in Modern Jerusalem. Stanford, 2020.




25


Schl?gel K. Promenade in Jalta und andere St?dtebilder. M?nchen; Wien, 2001; Idem. Die Mitte liegt ostw?rts: Europa im ?bergang. M?nchen, 2002; Idem. Moskau lesen: die Stadt als Buch. M?nchen, 2005 ( . .:  . .: , 2010); Idem. Marjampole oder Europas Wiederkehr aus dem Geist der St?dte. M?nchen, 2005; Idem. Der Duft der Imperien: Chanel 5 und Rotes Moskau. M?nchen, 2020.




26


     .      .




27


          ,    .




28


Deutsch-polnische Erinnerungsorte / H.H.Hahn, R.Traba (hrsg.). Berlin, 20122015.




29


. : EtienneA., ForsdickCh., MoudilenoL. Postcolonial Realms of Memory Sites and Symbols in Modern France. Liverpool, 2020 (Contemporary French and Francophone Cultures, 68); PredaC. The Transnational memorialization of Monumental Socialist Public Works in Eastern Europe // International Journal of Cultural Studies 23. 2020. 3. . 401421. .      (Centre for Research in Visual Studies, CRVS): Re-writing history? Monuments, iconoclasm, and social justice movements in 2020 (https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/crvc/research-seminars/re-writing-history-monuments-iconoclasm-and-social-justice-movements-in-2020.aspx).




30


AssmannA. Das neue Unbehagen an der Erinnerungskultur. Eine Intervention. M?nchen, 2013.




31


GabowitschM. The Limits of Iconoclasm: Soviet War Memorials since the End of Socialism // International Public History. Vol. 1. 2018. 2. . 16; .     :     //  . 2015. 3.




32


       2013 .




33


  .: .   :        //  . 2013. 107. 22 . http://www.rg.ru/2013/05/21/bruskin-poln.html.




34


   (Erinnerungskultur)       ,    -       (politics of memory).




35


,    : AssmannA. Der lange Schatten der Vergangenheit. Erinnerungskultur und Geschichtspolitik. Bonn, 2007 ( . .: .   :     . ., 2014); LottesG. Erinnerungskulturen zwischen Psychologie und Kulturwissenschaft // Erinnerung, Ged?chtnis, Wissen. Studien zur kulturwissenschaftlichen Ged?chtnisforschung / G.Oesterle (ed.). G?ttingen, 2005. S. 163184.         .: Tr?bst S. Postkommunistische Erinnerungskulturen im ?stlichen Europa. Bestandsaufnahme, Kategorisierung, Periodisierung. Wroclaw, 2005 (Berichte des Willy Brandt Zentrum 7); Idem. Erinnerungskultur  Kulturgeschichte  Geschichtsregion. Ostmitteleuropa in Europa. Stuttgart, 2013.




36


                2010       ,      ,     ,      , ,   ,    .




37


HuyssenA. Present Pasts: Urban Palimspsests and the Politics of Memory. Stanford, 2003. P. 16.




38


A.     //   . 2012. 4 (116).




39


KoselleckR. Vergangene Zukunft. Zur Semantik geschichtlicher Zeiten. Frankfurt a. M., 1995. S. 300349.




40


    ,       .            ,     . : Zettelk?sten. Maschinen der Phantasie / H.Gfrereis, E.Strittmatter (hrsg.). =Marbacherkatalog 66. Marbach, 2013, : Koselleck, .,   .




41


Halbwachs. La Mmoire collective. Paris, 1950; .     //  . 2005. 23.




42


NoraP. Between Memory and History: Les Lieux de Memoire // Representations. Vol. 26. 1989. . 724; .    //  . 2005. 23.




43


NoraP. Les Lieux de Mmoire. Vol. 17. Paris, 19841992.




44


   : Deutsche Erinnerungsorte / E.Fran?ois, H.Schulze (hrsg.). Bd. 13. M?nchen, 2001. .     -  : Deutsch-polnische Erinnerungsorte / H.H.Hahn, R.A.Traba (hrsg.). Bd. 15. Paderborn, 20012012; Erinnerungsorte in Ostmitteleuropa. Erfahrungen der Vergangenheit und Perspektiven / M.Weber, B.Olschowsky (hrsg.). (Schriften des Bundesinstituts f?r Kultur und Geschichte der Deutschen im ?stlichen Europa, Bd. 42). M?nchen, 2011.




45


SojaE.W. Postmodern Geographies: The Reassertion of Space in Critical Social Theory. London, 1989.   spatial turn        .: Schl?gel K. Im Raume lesen wir die Zeit. ?ber Zivilisationsgeschichte und Geopolitik. M?nchen, 2003.




46


Soviet Hieroglyphics: Visual Culture in Late Twentieth Century Russia / N.Condee (ed.). Bloomington, London, 1995.




47


The Iconography of Landscape: Essays on the Symbolic Representation, Design, and Use of Past Environment / D.E.Cosgrove, S.Daniels (eds.). Cambridge, 1988.




48


Czepczynski M. Cultural Landscape of Post-Socialist Cities. Representation of Powers and Needs. London, 2008; Idem. Representations and images of recent history. The transition of post-socialist landscape icons // The Post-Socialist City. Continuity and Change in Urban Space and Imagery / M.Dmitrieva, A.Kliems (eds.). Berlin, 2010. P. 1633. . : Cities after the Fall of Communism. Reshaping Cultural landscapes and European identity / J.Czaplicka, N.Gelazis, Blair A.Ruble (eds.). Washington; Baltimore, 2009; Architectures au-del? du Mur, 19892009: Berlin, Varsovie, Moscou / E. Brard, C.Jaquand (eds.). Paris, 2009.




49


Von der Ablehnung zur Aneignung? Das architektonische Erbe des Sozialismus in Mittel- und Osteuropa / A.Bartetzky, Ch.Dietz, J.Haspel (hrsg.). K?ln; Weimar; Wien, 2014.




50


http://www.archnadzor.ru/.




51


Br?ggemann K., KasekampA. The Politics of History and the War of Memories in Estonia // Nationalities Papers. 2008. Vol. 36. P. 425448.




52


Der Kommunismus im Museum. Formen der Auseinandersetzung in Deutschland und Ostmitteleuropa / V.Knigge, U. M?hlert (eds.). K?ln; Weimar; Wien, 2005; Past for the Eyes. East European Representations of Communism in Cinema and Museums after 1989 / O.Sarkisova, P.Apor (eds.). Budapest; New York, 2008; Post-Communist Nostalgia / M.Todorova, Z.Gille (eds.). New York; Oxford, 2010.




53


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